共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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本文在25℃条件下,利用磷化氢熏蒸南洋臀纹粉蚧以及越南进口红心、白心火龙果4 h,研究了磷化氢熏蒸处理对南洋臀纹粉蚧的杀灭效果以及对火龙果采后储藏品质的影响。耐受性比较试验结果表明,不同发育阶段的南洋臀纹粉蚧对磷化氢的耐受性为雌成虫>3龄若虫=2龄若虫>1龄若虫。毒力分析试验表明,使用1.70 mg/L磷化氢熏蒸雌成虫4 h可在95%置信区间下达到99.996 8%的死亡率。品质试验结果表明,使用0.55~2.21 mg/L磷化氢熏蒸处理对两种火龙果冷藏和货架期间的色泽、硬度、可溶性糖、酸度均无显著影响,但在熏蒸后短期内会提高呼吸强度,随着储存时间延长,呼吸强度恢复正常。这些结果显示,磷化氢熏蒸用于进口火龙果携带南洋臀纹粉蚧的检疫处理可达到理想效果,在25℃使用1.66~2.21 mg/L磷化氢熏蒸4 h可作为口岸检疫熏蒸的技术指标。 相似文献
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《植物检疫》2019,(2)
本文研究了甲酸乙酯常温熏蒸对南洋臀纹粉蚧(Planococcus lilacius Cockerell)的杀灭效果及对进口山竹品质的影响。在20℃下,分别使用15、25、35和45 g/m~3甲酸乙酯熏蒸南洋臀纹粉蚧混合虫态和山竹3 h,统计南洋臀纹粉蚧死亡率,测定山竹糖度、酸度、抗坏血酸(VC)、总抗氧化能力(Total Antioxidative Capacity)等品质指标。结果表明,南洋臀纹粉蚧雌成虫较若虫更为耐受,25 g/m~3甲酸乙酯即可全部杀死南洋臀纹粉蚧雌成虫和若虫;且与对照组比较甲酸乙酯熏蒸对山竹品质无明显的影响,仅35、45 g/m~3甲酸乙酯熏蒸会短时间降低山竹VC含量和T-AOC。上述研究表明,甲酸乙酯熏蒸可用于进口山竹携带南洋臀纹粉蚧的检疫处理,20℃下使用25 g/m~3甲酸乙酯熏蒸3 h可做为备选技术指标。 相似文献
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《植物检疫》2019,(2)
进口菠萝易携带南洋臀纹粉蚧(Planococcus lilacius Cockerell)等有害生物,检疫风险较高,急需开发检疫处理技术。本文研究了20℃下,不同浓度磷化氢熏蒸4 h对南洋臀纹粉蚧的杀灭效果以及对进口菠萝呼吸强度、失重率、硬度、酸度、可溶性糖等品质指标的影响。结果表明,南洋臀纹粉蚧雌成虫对磷化氢的耐受性强于若虫,400 ppm磷化氢熏蒸即可完全杀灭各虫态南洋臀纹粉蚧。与对照组比较,磷化氢熏蒸降低了货架期间菠萝的呼吸强度,对菠萝的失重率,硬度,酸度与可溶性糖度均无显著影响。这些结果表明常温磷化氢熏蒸可有效杀灭南洋臀纹粉蚧,且对进口菠萝的品质无不利影响,可作为进口菠萝检疫处理备选技术。 相似文献
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南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧是近年我国新记录的两种检疫性有害生物,目前分别在福建省的番荔枝果园和多肉植物种植基地发生为害严重。为明确球孢白僵菌BB-T02对这2种检疫性粉蚧的生防潜力,本研究在该菌株生物学特性的基础上,测定该菌株对两种检疫性粉蚧的致病力和胞外酶活性。结果表明,球孢白僵菌BB-T02培养最适的温度为28℃、光周期8L:16D、碳源为麦芽糖、氮源为蛋白胨,在此条件下培养10 d菌落直径和产孢量分别可达5.60 cm和4.22×108孢子/cm2。菌株BB-T02侵染南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧10 d后的LC50分别为5.00×105孢子/mL和2.17×105孢子/mL,1.00×108孢子/mL处理的累计致死率分别为85.39%和88.76%、LT50分别为5.78 d和5.19 d。菌株BB-T02蛋白酶活性的变化幅度较大,在第5 d达峰值22.68 U/mL;几丁质酶和脂肪酶活性的变化幅度相对平稳,均在第6 d分别达到峰值13.19 U/mL和9.77 U/mL。综上,球孢白僵菌BB-T02生长速度快、产孢量高,对南洋臀纹粉蚧和石蒜绵粉蚧的侵染活性强,可用于这两种检疫性粉蚧的生物防治。 相似文献
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Molecular markers are commonly used for determining the relationship between insect species. In this study, we investigated
the relationship of six mealybug species,Planococcus citri (Risso),Planococcus ficus (Signoret),Planococcus vovae (Nasonov),Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti),Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) andPhenacoccus aceris (Signoret), sampled from Turkey, using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). Of the 50
RAPD primers tested, 18 identified a total of 256 fragments of which all were polymorphic. Sufficient discrimination betweenP. citri andP. ficus was provided by several RAPD primers. The genetic distance values calculated for each pair-wise comparison ranged from 0.156
to 0.504. Cluster analyses of RAPD data clearly separated the species into two groups.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 4, 2007. 相似文献
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The citrus mealybugPlanococcus citri (Risso) and the vine mealybugPlanococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are two worldwide polyphagous pests of citrus, vineyards and ornamental plants in
greenhouses. Biological control of these pests may rely on the combined release of parasites and predators, which can be affected
by intraguild predation (IGP). This study investigated the feeding behavior of different stages ofCryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on mealybugs parasitized byAnagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The study was conducted in a climate-controlled room at 28±1°
C, 16L:8D, and 65±10% r.h. The highest consumption values for all stages ofC. montrouzieri occurred with 2- and 4-day parasitized mealybugs, whereas the predator did not feed on either species of mealybug parasitized
for longer periods, due to the onset of mummification.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting August 4, 2008. 相似文献
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The vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is one of the main pests in vineyards. At present biological control of the pest is based on the release of hymenopterous parasitoids and coccinellid predators. The effectiveness of an entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria farinosa, as an alternative biological control agent on vine mealybug P. ficus was investigated by using different inoculum densities and different relative humidity levels. The fungus caused more than 80% mortality at 95% relative humidity and at 1 × 108 conidia ml?1 inoculum density. The mortality effects of the fungus decreased in lower humidity levels and lower spore densities. The inhibitory effects of common fungicides, used in vineyards, on I. farinosa were also investigated. Sulphur, copper oxychloride, fosetyl-Al and chlorothalonil did not decrease the effectiveness of I. farinosa as a pathogen of vine mealybug. With the application of tebuconazole, penconazole and mancozeb, the most inhibitory fungicides on the entomopathogen, the mortality rates of mealybugs, inoculated with I. farinosa, decreased from 86% to 42%, 34% and 45%, respectively, in the adult females; from 94% to 51%, 45% and 45%, respectively, in the first nymphal stages; and from 86% to 56%, 49% and 63%, respectively, in ovisacs. 相似文献
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The effectiveness of buprofezin (aqueous suspensions from 25% wettable powder) on cumulative nymph mortality and reproduction
of two homopterous pests,Icerya purchasi Maskell (Margarodidae) andPlanococcus citri (Risso) (Pseudococcidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions. Buprofezin was very effective against crawlers of
both species. Dipping in concentrations of 0.002%, 0.01% and 0.05% (a. i.) resulted in 91–99% nymph mortality ofP. citri, whereas 100% mortality was recorded whenI. purchasi was treated at 0.05% (a. i.); the 3rd-instar nymphs ofI. purchasi were less susceptible to the chemical. Death of the larval stages occurred mainly during the molting process to the 2nd-instar
nymphs. At 0.05%, buprofezin sprayed on adults slightly reduced fecundity and decreased egg hatch to 31% forI. purchasi and, depending on the exposure period of the females, to 49-7% forP. citri. Buprofezin at 0.05% exhibited strong ovicidal activity onP. citri, resulting in inhibition of over 80% egg hatch. 相似文献
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G. Japoshvili Lerzan Erkılıç Asime Filiz Çalışkan M. Bora Kaydan 《Phytoparasitica》2018,46(4):481-485
In this study a survey for determining the parasitoid complex of Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) was conducted in Adana and Mersin Provinces, Turkey. Five primary, two primary/secondary, two secondary parasitoid species associated with P. ficus, were found. Clausenia josefi Rosen and Chartocerus kurdjumovi (Nikol’skaya) are new records for Turkish fauna. 相似文献
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To investigate the effect of botanicals on the foraging behavior of the mealybug predatorCryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, predator larvae and adults were exposed to leaves and the mealybugPlanococcus citri (Risso) treated with one of the following: a crude neem seed extract; a formulation of azadirachtin (Azatin EC®); a pyrethrum extract; and one of two naphthoquinones isolated fromCalceolaria andina Benth. (BTG 504 and BTG 505). All the botanicals influenced the foraging behavior ofC. montrouzieri, at one or more concentrations. Larval and adult foraging behavior was influenced most by BTG 504 and neem also affected larval behavior; the predators contacted fewer treated leaves and spent less time on treated than on untreated leaves. Larvae also consumed fewer mealybugs treated with BTG 504 and BTG 505 compared with untreated mealybugs. 相似文献