小尾寒羊口蹄疫-小反刍兽疫联合免疫效果评价

文章通过口蹄疫(A型、O型二价)灭活苗和小反刍兽疫活疫苗同时接种的方法进行免疫接种,减少免疫接种模式和免疫接种次数,降低接种的劳动投入.试验羊按年龄分为3组,观察其接种疫苗后的临床反应,接种后第28 d采血,检测2种疫苗联合免疫后的抗体水平,评估口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫联合免疫接种的免疫效果.结果显示,口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫联合...     

新疆某农场羊口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫免疫抗体检测报告

口蹄疫、小反刍兽疫是农业部强制免疫病种。新疆某农场对羊进行了全覆盖免疫接种。为掌握新疆某农场羊口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫效果,笔者应用ELISA抗体检测和阻断ELISA试验方法检测免疫抗体水平。结果显示,2014年-2017年,新疆某农场8个连队不同品种不同养殖模式羊的口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫免疫抗体合格率均在70%以上,达到农业部的要求。检测结果表明,规模养殖场的免疫抗体水平整体高于散养场。本研究为该农场制定合理的羊口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫免疫程序提供了理论依据。     

重庆市羊小反刍兽疫免疫效果监测与分析

采用竞争ELISA方法对从重庆市30个区县的种羊场、商品代饲养场和散养户采集的62284份羊血清样品进行小反刍兽疫(PPR)抗体检测。结果显示:53062份血清抗体合格,个体合格率为85.19%,其中种羊场合格率为93.67(3020/3224),商品代饲养场合格率为86.59%(21179/24458),散养户合格率为83.41%(28863/34602),免疫合格率均高于农业部规定的70%的最低标准。监测结果表明,重庆市羊PPR的免疫效果总体比较理想,同时也说明所使用的PPR疫苗免疫原性较好。     

江苏省部分规模化养殖场肉羊口蹄疫及小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测与分析

为了解江苏部分地区规模化肉羊场口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫的免疫情况,采用ELISA法对2017～2019年江苏省7个地区规模化养殖场的临床健康肉羊血液样品进行口蹄疫和小反刍兽疫抗体检测.结果 显示:2017年,口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率70.85％,达到国家规定(70％);2018和2019年,未达到国家规定.2017、2018、2...     

2017-2019年镇远县羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测分析

为了解镇远县2017-2019年羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体情况,采集4个乡镇规模羊场及散养户羊血清样品311份,采用竞争ELISA方法进行小反刍兽疫免疫抗体检测。结果:311份羊血清样品中有255份合格,总体合格率为82%,达到农业农村部规定≥70%的标准要求,说明镇远县羊小反刍兽疫免疫效果总体情况良好。     

贵州省影响羊口蹄疫和小反刍免疫效果分析

为研究贵州省不同地区、养殖方式、海拔和温度对羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR免疫抗体阳性率的影响。采用酶联免疫吸附实验对2015～2020年本实验室收集的贵州省9个市（州）515个养殖场的羊血清（共计8869份）进行上述疫病的免疫抗体检测,并对检测结果使用易侕统计软件和R语言进行分析。统计结果表明：羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR的免疫抗体平均阳性率分别为42.57%、87.99%、73.64%和64.45%。R语言分析结果表明：羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR免疫抗体阳性率在贵州省的不同地区中差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同养殖方式对羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR的免疫效果影响差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同海拔对羊A、O、Asia I型FMD和PPR的免疫效果影响差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同温度对羊A、O型FMD的免疫效果影响差异极显著（P<0.01)。结果提示,贵州省羊O、Asia I型FMD免疫抗体阳性率达到国家农业部动物疫病监测合格要求,羊A型FMD与PPR免疫抗体阳性率未达到国家农业部动物疫病监测合格要求;温度对羊A、O...     

小反刍兽疫和山羊痘活疫苗联合免疫效果评价研究

试验旨在探索小反刍兽疫疫苗和羊痘疫苗相互之间免疫效果的影响,选择90只参试羊采用单独免疫小反刍兽疫疫苗和羊痘疫苗以及两种疫苗联合免疫方式,并于免疫前及免疫后第7、14、21、28、90、210 d采集血液样本,通过阻断ELISA和间接ELISA检测其抗体水平。结果显示,两种疫苗单独免疫的抗体合格率到免疫后210 d时均在75%以上,达到国家规定标准（70%）。两种疫苗联合分点免疫情况下,小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫效果比单独免疫效果好,其抗体阳性率在免疫后第7、14 d时极显著高于单独免疫（P<0.01）,21 d时显著高于单独免疫（P<0.05）;羊痘疫苗免疫效果比单独免疫效果较差,其抗体阳性率在免疫后第7、14、21 d时极显著低于单独免疫（P<0.01）,28 d时显著低于单独免疫（P<0.05）,到免疫后210 d时抗体合格率仅为63.3%,未达到国家标准。研究表明,羊痘疫苗与小反刍兽疫疫苗联合免疫时,羊痘疫苗可以促进小反刍兽疫疫苗的免疫效果,而小反刍兽疫疫苗却抑制了羊痘疫苗的免疫效果。     

湘西州小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测及分析

湘西州于2014年开始进行小反刍兽疫强制免疫工作,为了解湘西州规模羊场小反刍兽疫免疫情况,掌握免疫动物抗体水平,湘西州动物疫病预防控制中心针对山羊养殖量相对较大的永顺县和龙山县进行采样检测.此次共采集样品350份,采用竞争ELISA试剂盒进行免疫抗体检测.从总体检测结果看,小反刍兽疫免疫抗体合格率达到农业部规定的70%以上.     

免疫区小反刍兽疫免疫抗体监测与分析

本文报告应用C-ELISA方法监测小反刍兽疫免疫区山羊、绵羊和牦牛PPR免疫抗体的结果。结果显示:检测免疫山羊血清298份,阳性163份,阳性率54.70%;检测免疫绵羊血清588份,阳性140份,阳性率23.81%;累计检测免疫羊(山羊和绵羊)血清886份,阳性303份,阳性率34.20%;检测免疫区非免疫牦牛血清353份,阳性51份,阳性率14.45%。并对试验结果显示的免疫区羊免疫抗体阳性率偏低、山羊和绵羊免疫抗体阳性率差异大及免疫区接触牦牛PPR抗体呈阳性的检测结果进行了分析。     

攀枝花市2015~2019年小反刍兽疫免疫抗体检测结果分析

本文对攀枝花市2015~2019年小反刍兽疫免疫抗体进行实验室检测,并对结果进行分析,为下一步小反刍兽疫防控工作提供参考。     

Seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Northern Jordan

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important disease that affect sheep and goat industry in Asia and Africa. In this study, we investigated the seroprevalence, and risk factors, of PPR in sheep and goat flocks from five different governorates (Irbid, Jarash, Ajloun, Mafraq and Zarka) located in Northern Jordan. Serum samples from 929 and 400 sheep and goats, respectively, corresponding to 122 sheep flock and 60 goats flock were collected. Seroprevalence was determined using PPR competitive ELISA. Health status and management information were collected using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. The individual true prevalence of PPR in sheep and goats was 29 and 49%, respectively. The flock level true prevalence of PPR was 60 and 74% in sheep and goats, respectively. In both sheep and goat flocks, large flock size, visiting live animals market and inadequate veterinary services were identified as risk factors for PPR seropositivity. Mixed (sheep and goats) raising was identified as a risk factor for PPR seropositivity in sheep flocks only.     

The detection of antibody against peste des petits ruminants virus in Sheep,Goats, Cattle and Buffaloes

Monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) has been used for the specific measurement of antibodies to peste des petits ruminants (PPR) viruses in sheep, goats, cattle and Buffalo. Serum samples from sheep (n = 232), goats (n = 428), cattle (n = 43), buffalo (n = 89) were tested. The animals had not been vaccinated against rinderpest or PPR. Findings suggested that the sero-positive cases were significantly higher in sheep (51.29%) than in goats (39.02%) (P = 0.002). The overall sero-prevalence of PPRV in small ruminants was 43.33%. The PPR antibodies seroprevalence was 67.42% in buffalo and 41.86% in cattle which was significantly higher in buffalo (P = 0.005). The overall sero-prevalence of PPRV in large ruminants was 59.09%. Cattle and buffalo sera showed a high prevalence of antibody against PPR virus which may explain the difficulty experienced in achieving high post-vaccination immunity levels against rinderpest. Because antibodies against PPR virus are both cross-neutralizing and cross-protective against rinderpest virus, further vaccination in the presence of antibodies against PPR virus may be a waste of national resources. It was also suggested that antibodies to PPR virus could prevent an immune response to the rinderpest vaccine. This paper presents serological evidence for the transmission of PPR virus from sheep and goats to cattle and buffalo and highlights the need to include PPR serology in the sero-monitoring programme to give a better indication of national herd immunity of sheep and goats against PPR.     

Post vaccination and colostral peste des petits ruminants antibody dynamics in research flocks of Kirdi goats and Foulbe sheep of north Cameroon

We studied Kirdi goats and Foulbe sheep kept on-station at the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Garoua to look at their immunological response following vaccination with a specific peste des petits ruminant (PPR) virus vaccine. Pre-vaccination PPR antibody seroprevalences were 44 and 29% in goats and sheep, respectively. Seroprevalences following vaccination were 100% in both species. Titres remained above the protection threshold level (1:10) in both species at 12 months. Maternal antibodies in young animals were detectable to up to 6 months of age but fell below the protection threshold level at 3.5 and 4.5 months in lambs and kids, respectively. Kids and lambs from immunised or exposed dams should be vaccinated at 4 and 5 months of age, respectively.     

辽宁省小反刍兽疫疫苗临床免疫效果跟踪试验及抗体水平动态观察

通过抽检小反刍兽疫疫苗免疫后的部分羊群,分别于免疫后的7、14、21、28 d对免疫羊进行抗体及病毒核酸（包括疫苗毒）跟踪监测,并对监测数据进行整理比对分析,继而掌握小反刍兽疫免疫抗体在机体内的消长规律及影响因素,进一步了解该疫苗辽宁省羊群中的免疫效果及安全性。结果表明,该疫苗在免疫7d后,免疫群体均能够达到免疫合格率高于70%的标准,且未出现疫苗排毒现象,证明该疫苗的免疫效果确实、安全性好。     

Post-vaccination antibodies profile against Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats of Punjab,Pakistan

A total of 70 sheep and 330 goats were selected randomly. All the animals were kept under same housing and management conditions. Serum samples were collected from all the animals and tested for the presence of antibodies against Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus using competitive ELISA (cELISA). All the animals were found negative showing percentage inhibition (PI) values <50. The animals were vaccinated against PPR with Nig/75/1 strain vaccine of PPR Serum samples were collected from randomly selected 12 sheep and 30 goats at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination. The samples were subjected to cELISA to determine the presence of antibodies against PPRV. The samples with PI >50 were considered as sero-positive. The sheep found positive at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination were 1(8.3%), 7(58.3%) and 12(100%) respectively. In case of goats 3(10.0%), 29(96.6%) and 27(90.0%) animals gave positive results at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination respectively. Mean PI values in sheep at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination were recorded as 37, 65 and 91 respectively, whereas in goats these values were 43, 78 and 86 respectively.     

Fine mapping and conservation analysis of linear B-cell epitopes of peste des petits ruminants virus nucleoprotein

Nucleoprotein (NP) is the most abundant and highly immunogenic protein of morbillivirus, and is presently the basis of most diagnostic assays for peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). In this study, fine epitope mapping and conservation analysis of linear B-cell epitopes on the PPRV NP has been undertaken using biosynthetic peptides. Nineteen linear B-cell epitopes were identified and their corresponding minimal motifs were located on the NP of PPRV China/Tibet/Geg/07-30. Conservation analysis indicated that ten of the 19 minimal motifs were conserved among 46 PPRV strains. Peptides containing the minimal motifs were recognized using anti-PPRV serum from a goat immunized with PPRV vaccine strain Nigeria 75/1. Identified epitopes and their motifs improve our understanding of the antigenic characteristics of PPRV NP and provide a basis for the development of epitope-based diagnostic assays.     

Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus of Indian origin

The nucleotide sequences of the phosphoprotein (P) gene of peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus (PPRV Sungri/96) belongs to Asian lineage have been determined and the deduced amino acid sequences were compared with another vaccine strain PPRV/Nigeria75/1 and with those of the other morbilliviruses. The 1652 nucleotides of the P gene encode a phosphoprotein of 509 amino acid residues (from nucleotide numbers 60 to 1587), which is 91% identical to that of PPRV/Nigeria75/1. The C protein consists of 177 amino acid residues and is 91% identical with that of PPRV/Nigeria75/1. The conserved mRNA editing site (5'TTAAAAGGGCACAG) was present at positions 742-756 in the P gene, which is conserved in all other morbilliviruses. The CTT trinucleotide sequence is present at the N/P and P/M intergenic region, which is totally conserved in morbilliviruses. This will be the third sequence for the P gene of PPRV since that of the vaccine strain and a wild-type Turkish isolate has been published already.     

Formation of peste des petits ruminants spikeless virus-like particles by co-expression of M and N proteins in insect cells

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) has a non-segmented negative sense RNA genome and is classified within the Morbillivirus genus of the Paramyxoviridae. Using the Bac-to-Bac® baculovirus expression system, we constructed recombinant baculoviruses that were able to co-express the PPRV matrix and nucleocapsid proteins in insect cells under the control of the polyhedron and p10 promoters, respectively. The results showed that although both structural proteins were expressed at a relatively low level, the interaction between them caused the formation of virus-like particles (VLPs) by viewing of transmission electron microscopy. The VLPs morphologically resembled authentic PPRVs but lacked spikes protruding from the particulate surfaces. Interestingly, the diameter of PPRV VLPs ranged from 100 to 150 nm, far less than the mean diameter (400–500 nm) of parental virions.