优质油菜品种比较试验

如皋地处长江中下游,属高沙土农业大市,油菜是主要油料作物,常年种植面积1.33万hm2,在品种上存在产量不稳、品质欠优的状况,随着人民生活水平的提高,对低芥酸优质油菜品种要求也越来越高,寻求更多适合我市生态条件的高产优质油菜新品种,发展优质油菜生产成为当务之急.1999年我市分别引进6个杂交双低油菜新品种,以原生产当家品种秦油2号为对照,比较了丰产性、适应性、抗逆性,为全市油菜品种更新提供依据.     

甘蓝型优质油菜华油2790在信阳的表现

华油2790是中国农科院油料所选育的雄性不育三系双低油菜杂交种,2002年通过河南省品种审定委员会审定,2003年通过国家品种审定委员会审定.该品种自2002年引进我市大面积种植以来,已累计推广15万公顷,由于适应性强、产量高、抗逆性好而成为我市双低油菜的主推品种.现将其在信阳市的表现综述如下.     

我市双低油菜新品种(系)比较试验

油菜是我市主要的油料作物，常年种植面积1．7万hm^2，在品种上存在着产量不稳、品质欠优的状况，随着人民生活水平的提高，对双低油菜品种的要求也越来越高，为筛选适合我市生态条件下种植的高产优质油菜新品种，加快优质油菜新品种的推广步伐，我市分别引进了7个杂交双低油菜新品种(系)，通过试验分析比较其丰产性、适应性、抗逆性，为我市大面积推广应用提供科学依据。     

县级种子管理站开展新品种展示的效果和建议

<正>1优势和效果2013年我站对我市三个较大的主要农作物玉米、棉花、油菜开展了新品种展示。油菜新展示田落实在我市悦来镇悦来村,面积0.8hm2,展示品种12个,早熟类型品种7个,中熟类型品种5个;棉花新品种展示田落实在我市悦来镇悦来村面积0.7hm2,展示品种10个;玉米新品种展示田落实在我市常乐镇庵宝村面积1.3hm2,展示品种2个。     

杂交油菜雄性不育株与花而不实症的预防

杂交油菜雄性不育株与花而不实症的预防江苏省南京市种子站（２１００１７）梁春英钱卫红近几年来，甘蓝型杂交油菜在我市得到广泛的推广和应用。其中，秦油２号油菜已成为我市主栽品种，取得了明显的社会效益和经济效益。但是，我们在推广应用中发现，影响杂交油菜产量有...     

沿江地区抗性油菜菌核病防治技术的研究

<正> 我市油菜常年种植面积在15万公顷左右,菌核病是我市油菜上的主要病害之一,近年来在我市连续暴发,产量损失严重。据调查,用药品种不同,其防治效果差异显著,特别是多年来本市长期、单一使用多菌灵及其混配剂防治油菜菌核病,使菌核病菌对多菌灵及其复配剂普遍产生了抗性,而且表现为高抗水平,每666.7m~2用25%多菌灵 WP200g,适期用药一次,其防病效果只有20%～30%,为此,通州市植保站在抗性油菜菌核病的新药剂及其应用技术方面进行了研究,筛选和开发出了对抗性油菜菌     

稻田三熟油菜高产栽培措施

稻田三熟油菜高产栽培措施林金桥(湖南省衡阳市农业局421001)我市稻田三熟油菜1996年种植面积达到6.627万hm²,占全市春收油菜面积的69.2％,总产菜籽8.09万吨,占全市菜籽总产的67.5％。1选用良种据考查,我市稻田三熟油菜品种,栽培面……     

施用叶面肥对油莱生长和产量的影响

针对我市油菜菌核病发病重和农户普遍要求早熟油菜品种的问题，我站引进“油天下”油菜专用叶面肥。为了验证该叶面肥在油菜生产上的实际应用效果，我们在四甲镇陈沛村进行了应用试验。     

优质油莱品种比较试验

1参试品种(系) 中油杂2号、淮杂油1号、秦优8号、史力丰、陕油8号、苏油1号、绵油12和99T11,以我市大面积种植的双低油菜扬油4号为对照.     

施用叶面肥对油菜生长和产量的影响

<正>针对我市油菜菌核病发病重和农户普遍要求早熟油菜品种的问题,我站引进"油天下"油菜专用叶面肥。为了验证该叶面肥在油菜生产上的实际应用效果,我们在四甲镇陈沛村进行了应用试验。1材料与方法     

植物新品种保护与品种审定的意义和异同

随着知识产权愈来愈受到社会各界的关注，植物新品种保护工作也显得尤为重要。该文着重介绍了植物新品种保护的发展概况、意义及其与品种审定的异同，使读者对植物新品种保护工作有所了解。     

大白菜施肥技巧与主要病虫害防治

1施肥技巧 大白菜施肥原则是：整地重施有机肥，苗后分次巧追肥。追肥要掌握“少量多次、前少后多、分期供给”。肥后及时浇水，以达到肥水均匀，充分发挥肥效。     

果蔬采后存在问题及贮藏保鲜技术发展

随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。     

Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and residues of oil and protein crops

Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha⁻¹ grain and 16 t ha⁻¹ residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha⁻¹, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha⁻¹; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha⁻¹. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO⁻₃-N ha⁻¹.     

我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望

1　我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1　播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm²,发展到1333.3万hm²,增长139.5%。1.2　总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg……     

向日葵抗盐碱生理生化机制与生长发育特性分析

以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F₂群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脯氨酸（Pro）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛（MDA）等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F₂群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F₂群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关（正相关或负相关）,且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。     

Approaches and Applications of Chemomics and Chemoinformatics

Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology.     

On Fengshui and Rockery and Water Layout

Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design.     

果蔬食品的褐变与控制

结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。     

Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear

Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection.