蒙古栎枯叶水浸提液对二月兰的化感作用

为探究蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林下植被稀少的状况是否为枯叶产生的化感作用,以蒙古栎枯叶为供试材料,二月兰为受体材料,采用培养皿滤纸法研究不同浓度蒙古栎枯叶水浸提液对二月兰种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。分别采用0.00、0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08和0.10 g/mL浓度的蒙古栎枯叶水浸提液培养二月兰种子,测定发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、根长及苗长,计算化感综合指数。结果表明,二月兰种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和根长的化感效应指数均为负值,表现为抑制作用,且具有明显的浓度效应。对二月兰苗长的化感效应为“低促高抑”的双浓度效应,在浓度<0.04 g/mL时对幼苗苗长生长有促进作用,当水浸提液浓度≥0.04 g/mL时,对苗长的生长产生抑制作用,且随着浓度的增加,化感作用不断增强,浓度为0.10 g/mL时,根长、苗长的化感指数均为-1,种子仅处于发芽初始状态。反映出蒙古栎枯叶的水浸提液对二月兰具有较强的化感抑制作用。     

擎天树种子水浸提液对4种植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

为探索擎天树种子内含物特性,研究了其种子不同浓度的水浸提液对白菜、胡萝卜、任豆与马尾松种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,结果表明:不同浓度的擎天树种子水浸提液对不同植物种子的发芽率、简化活力指数、苗高及根长有不同程度的抑制作用,且随着处理浓度的升高抑制效应渐呈显著,水浸提液对草本植物种子的抑制作用明显高于对木本植物的抑制作用.说明擎天树种子含有抑制种子萌发和幼苗生长的成分.     

阔叶丰花草水浸提液对5种作物的化感作用

采用室内生物测定方法研究不同浓度的阔叶丰花草水浸提液对5种作物(西瓜、水稻、萝卜、辣椒和番茄)种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感影响.结果表明:不同浓度的阔叶丰花草水浸提液对5种作物种子的发芽率、幼苗茎长和根长均有较强的化感作用,并且随着浸提液浓度的升高,化感效应明显增强.当浸提液浓度为0.05 g/mL时,5种受体作物的化感综合效应强弱顺序为西瓜＞萝卜＞水稻＞番茄＞辣椒.其根部比茎部的化感作用更敏感,受到的抑制作用更强,但对辣椒和番茄的茎表现出了一定的促进作用.     

火炬树水浸提液对玉米种子萌发的化感效应

研究了不同浓度(0.10、0.05、0.025 g/L)的火炬树(Rhus typhina)凋落叶和宿存果穗水浸提液对玉米种子萌发的化感作用.结果表明:2种器官水浸提液对玉米种子的萌发均具有强烈的抑制效应,不同浓度的水浸提液处理的种子萌发率、萌发指数和幼苗活力指数均显著低于对照,而且萌发进程延迟.凋落叶水浸提液对玉米种子萌发的化感效应强于果穗水浸提液,两者均表现出明显的浓度效应.     

伊贝母植株水浸提液自毒作用研究

采用生物测定的方法,研究了伊贝母(Fritillaria pallidiflora Schvek)鳞茎、地上茎和叶片水浸提液的自毒作用.结果表明,伊贝母各部位浸提液对种子萌发及早期幼苗生长的抑制作用,随浓度升高而增强,同浓度条件下各部位浸提液总体表现为叶片浸提液抑制作用最强,其次是地上茎浸提液,鳞茎浸提液的作用相对较弱.     

四种菊科入侵植物茎水浸提液对狗牙根种子萌发的影响

为探讨不同菊科入侵植物对替代植物狗牙根种子萌发的化感作用,采用培养皿滤纸法,比较研究紫茎泽兰、小飞蓬、飞机草和肿柄菊等四种入侵植物茎水浸提液不同浓度处理(0(ck)、0.25 g/L、0.50 g/L、1.00 g/L和2.00 g/L)对狗牙根种子的发芽率、发芽势和化感效应指数的影响。结果表明,四种入侵植物茎水浸提液对狗牙根种子发芽均产生显著抑制效应,且随着浓度的升高抑制效应呈递增趋势;在中高浓度(0.50 g/L、1.00 g/L和2.00 g/L)时,其水浸提液对狗牙根种子发芽率抑制作用和化感指数大小顺序为：紫茎泽兰<飞机草<小飞蓬<肿柄菊;在低浓度(0.25 g/L)时,紫茎泽兰对狗牙根种子发芽率抑制强度最小,而其他三种入侵植物对狗牙根种子发芽率抑制效应无显著差异;四种入侵植物茎水浸提液对狗牙根种子发芽势的影响随浓度的增大而增强,但呈现不同的变化规律。研究表明,四种菊科入侵植物茎水浸提液对狗牙根种子萌发具有较强的化感作用,应用狗牙根抵御或进行生态修复需采取适当措施应对化感作用的不利影响。     

玉米不同部位水浸提液对绞股蓝种子的化感作用研究

以七叶绞股蓝种子(恩七叶甜)为受体材料,研究玉米(西大211)根系、秸秆、果穗3种不同质量浓度(0.01,0.05,0.1g/mL)水浸提液对绞股蓝发芽势、发芽率、根长、苗长及幼苗生理活性指标的化感影响。结果表明:玉米根系、秸秆、果穗均能分泌出化感物质,对绞股蓝种子萌发及幼苗生长有不同化感作用。玉米根系不同浓度的水浸提液对绞股蓝种子的发芽势、发芽率表现出低促高抑的现象,而玉米秸秆、果穗不同浓度的水浸提液对绞股蓝种子萌发始终存在抑制作用,且随着浓度的增大抑制作用增强。玉米不同部位水浸提液对绞股蓝幼苗SOD、POD酶活性抑制随水浸提液浓度增大而增强,且MAD含量也随之增大,而可溶性蛋白含量则随浓度增大而减少。从化感综合效应看,低浓度(0.01g/mL)的玉米根系、果穗水浸提液可以促进绞股蓝种子及幼苗生长,且根系此时的综合化感效应为0.38,促进作用最强。在高浓度(0.05,0.1g/mL)时玉米各部位都表现为化感抑制作用,抑制综合效应依次为秸秆果穗根系。     

黄顶菊浸提液对5种作物种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应

为了解黄顶菊的化感效应,研究了不同浓度的黄顶菊种子浸提液及茎杆浸提液对5种作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用。结果表明:黄顶菊种子浸提液除了0.02g/mL浓度对春菜的发芽率和茎长不产生抑制效应外,其他各个处理都表现出抑制作用,且随着浸提液浓度的增加而化感效应增强;RI和SE值大都为负值,说明黄顶菊浸提液的化感抑制效应明显,且不同种子对黄顶菊浸提液的敏感程度不同,生菜、春菜、芥兰对黄顶菊种子浸提液的敏感程度大小依次为生菜春菜芥兰。2种小麦对黄顶菊茎秆浸提液的敏感性大小依次为周麦18百农207。因此,在黄顶菊入侵严重且防除不好的地区,针对这5种作物来说,可优先选择芥兰、春菜和百农207。     

迷人杜鹃凋落叶水浸提液对其自身种子萌发的影响

为明确迷人杜鹃凋落叶是否具有化感作用,采用培养皿法,研究了不同浓度迷人杜鹃水浸提液对其种子萌发、幼苗生长和生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:浸提液对迷人杜鹃种子发芽和幼苗生长的化感作用表现出"低促高抑"的浓度效应。在浓度为1 mg/m L时,促进了种子萌发、胚芽和胚轴长度的伸长,分别比对照增加了2.67%、17.71%和8.64%。在浓度为50 mg/m L时,发芽率降低77.88%,胚芽和胚轴长度降幅为65.82%、78.37%,抑制了植株生长。用浸提液浸种,在浓度为1 mg/m L时幼苗的根系活力和叶绿素含量提高,随着处理液浓度的提升,幼苗的根系活力和叶绿素含量降低,均可视为防碍生长的生理原因。     

长叶车前浸提液对一年生黑麦草种子萌发特性的影响

以饲用长叶车前(Plantago lanceolata L.)为试验材料,研究其不同浓度的水浸提液对一年生黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lamk.)种子发芽的影响。结果表明:长叶车前水浸提液对一年生黑麦草种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数及活力指数均有一定化感作用,0.1%、0.5%、1%的长叶车前浸提液处理种子与对照组发芽率、活力指数无显著差异,萌芽时间推迟;5%的长叶车前浸提液对一年生黑麦草种子萌发有显著的抑制作用,发芽率相比对照组较低。试验初步表明,长叶车前对一年生黑麦草存在高浓度抑制的化感作用。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...