鹅种蛋人工孵化的几个关键技术

鹅种蛋人工孵化的流水操作程序为：收集种蛋→种蛋消毒→挑选种蛋→种蛋贮存→孵化室→种蛋再消毒→上蛋入孵→照蛋→落盘→出雏，在孵化的整个过程中，应注意以下几个关键技术：１种蛋消毒种鹅刚产出蛋就与带菌的舍内空气、粪便等传播疾病的媒体接触，随着时间的推移，种蛋表面的微生物成倍快速增殖。种蛋虽有胶护膜、蛋壳及内外壳膜几道自然屏障，但它们都不具抗菌性能，细菌仍可通过蛋壳表面的气孔进入蛋内影响到胚胎的发育，甚至导致胚胎死亡，这对孵化率和雏鸡质量都构成严重威胁。因此，种蛋收集后应及时消毒。一般在鹅舍的消毒室进行…     

温、湿度对北方地区肉鸽人工孵化效果的影响

1材料与设计1.1试验材料及时间本试验在吉林市吉星鸽场孵化室进行,试验时间为2011年3~4月。所用试验鸽蛋来自吉星鸽场白羽王鸽种蛋共900个。仪器设备:中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所依爱     

鸵鸟种蛋人工孵化出雏期助产的时机和技巧

鸵鸟种蛋人工孵化出雏期助产的时机和技巧王宗焕（东北林业大学野生动物资源学院黑龙江哈尔滨１５００４０）鸵鸟属大型走禽。野生环境中,种蛋自然孵化率为５～１０％;人工养殖条件下,鸵鸟受精蛋孵化率可达８０～９０％以上,其余１０～２０％死胚中,出雏期死亡占一定...     

鹅种蛋孵化技术

一、入孵前种蛋的要求 (一)种蛋的选择 种蛋要求源于鹅传染病的非疫区,卫生防疫条件好、饲料营养符合标准、公母比例适当的健康鹅群。种蛋受精率应在85％以上。蛋重要符合选用品种的标准(小型鹅蛋重120～135克,中型鹅蛋重135～150克,大型鹅蛋重150～210克)。蛋形以椭圆形为好,蛋形指数在1.4～1.5为好。蛋壳质量要求结构致密均匀,厚度适中,蛋壳过厚的钢皮蛋,蛋壳表面粗糙的沙皮蛋都不宜做种用。蛋壳清洁,壳面上无粪便或其他污物。     

提高孵化率应注意的几个问题

1种蛋的选择　种蛋的形状和大小要合适，壳面要清洁，无裂缝，颜色正常，特别是种蛋的品质要新鲜，一般以产后一周为宜，以3－5天最好。两周以上的种蛋，孵化期推迟，孵化率低，孵出的雏鸡软弱。2种蛋的保存和运输　保存种蛋最适宜的温度是12℃－15℃为宜，依保存时间的长短而有所伸缩：种蛋保存一周以内时，15℃－16℃为宜，超过一周以上，以12℃为宜。种蛋放置以锐端朝下为宜。保存种蛋库房的天棚和四壁均加隔热层。种蛋运输时注意包装完善，以免震动碰破，冬季运输时应注意保温防冻。3种蛋的消毒　种蛋消毒的方法很多，其中以熏蒸…     

鸽种蛋的人工孵化

肉鸽生产中,雏鸽的繁育绝大部分是依靠产蛋亲鸽来进行自然孵化,这导致种蛋的孵化率受到很大影响,除此之外,孵化率也常常受到自然因素的制约.为有效地解决这一问题,提高种蛋的孵化率,本文综述了鸽种蛋的人工孵化相关设施、流程等,以期能为肉鸽养殖企业和养殖户提供参考,更好地推动我国现代养鸽业的发展.     

日研究成功种蛋保存新方法

通常,种蛋的保存期越长,出雏率越低。如果保存1周的种蛋出雏率为75%左右。保存2周的种蛋出雏率为60%。最近,日报热闹一家养鸡场研究出一种延长种蛋保存期的新方法,从而可降低孵化成本。采用这种保存方法,在保证有60%的出雏率的前提下,种蛋可安全存放4周,保存期是原来的2倍。这样养鸡场能以少量的种蛋满足孵化的需要,从而大大提高经济效益。新的保存方法是是把种蛋放进用塑料膜制成的袋子内,再往袋内放入脱氧剂,使袋内保持无氧环境,最后将这个袋子放入温度为10℃的低温储藏室保存。这样保存的种蛋,2周出雏率为70%,3周为68%,4周为60%。日研究…     

火鸡孵化中的关键技术

火鸡原产美洲,属草食节粮型野味珍禽,因其引进国内时间不长,对它的孵化还待进一步探索和研究,经我所多年实践和摸索,总结了一些浅薄的经验,献给大家,以供参考。 (一)种蛋的保存 有条件应建贮蛋室,要求隔热性好,防尘沙,杜绝蚊蝇、老鼠等,防日晒或穿堂风吹。一般可用纸盒多钻几个通风眼,放在阴凉,干燥通风处。保存应具备的条件:(1)温度为10～15℃。1周内15℃,1周后     

鸭蛋的人工孵化技术

孵化是家禽生产中的重要环节,孵化率的高低不仅影响出雏数量,而且直接影响雏禽的生长发育及种禽的生产性能。为获得较好的孵化成绩,据多年来的实践经验,做以下综述,以企对孵化生产者有所帮助。1种蛋的选择种蛋应选自健康、无病、高产的种鸭群。种蛋自笼中或产蛋箱中捡出后,最好将种蛋收集在集蛋盘上(塑料集蛋盘优于纸质集蛋盘,因纸质蛋盘易积聚垫料和其它脏物,且不能清洗),小头朝下放置,切勿用铁丝篮或铁桶装蛋。应将破蛋、不规则的蛋、脏蛋及过大或过小的蛋剔除。选蛋方法:①感官法:大小适中(要求鸭蛋80～100g),形状不能过长、过圆、腰鼓等…     

肉鸽寄生虫病的防治方法

鸽寄生虫病对鸽的生产带来很大阻碍及危害作用:包括影响产鸽的孵蛋,阻碍正常产蛋,无精蛋增多,消耗营养使鸽消瘦,降低鸽的体质,引起其它疾病等.     

犬人工授精要把好四关

母犬发情鉴定关 犬的发情鉴定方法很多,最实用的是外阴观察法、试情法和显微阴道内容物涂片法等.犬发情旺期时外阴高度肿胀,阴唇平滑有弹性,阴门稍裂开,阴蒂因肿胀而稍突出,分泌物浅红色稍粘稠.     

肉鸽副黏病毒与大肠杆菌混合感染的诊治

新沂市新店镇胡某于2007年5月16日-23自先后两次从集市购种鸽120对，未经隔离观察即放入鸽群中混养。10天过后，胡某的鸽群开始发病，并陆续出现死亡，经郯城县兽医站诊断为副黏病毒与大肠杆菌混合感染后，采取有效措施防治,病情得到了控制。鸽群发病期间共死亡870只，死亡率达39．3％。     

Factors related to shell deaths during artificial incubation of ostrich eggs

The ostrich industry experiences a high rate of embryonic mortalities during artificial incubation of eggs. Embryonic deaths were studied from data recorded on 37,740 fertile eggs incubated artificially during the 1998-2005 breeding seasons. Roughly 10,000 eggs that sustained embryonic mortalities were classified according to the stage and nature of death, i.e. before 21 days of incubation, after 21 days of incubation, deaths after pipping and rotten eggs. Although infection may have played a role in approximately 1300 rotten eggs, no detailed knowledge of the pathogens involved was available. The remainder of deaths could not be related to pathogens and the deaths were thus generally referred to as non-infectious. The overall level of embryonic mortality in all the eggs studied was 28.5 %. Overall embryonic mortality was affected by incubator, with higher levels (57.0 %) found in eggs incubated in an African Incubator and also in eggs that were transferred between incubators during incubation (38.1%). Overall embryonic mortality also increased in eggs produced by older females. Eggs produced in the autumn had the highest level of embryonic mortality at 53.6 %, whereas eggs produced in the winter had a marginally higher level of embryonic mortalities of 29.2 % compared with eggs produced during summer (27.4 %). Eggs produced by South African (SA) Black males crossed to Zimbabwean Blue females had high levels of embryonic losses of 45.7 %. The embryonic mortality of eggs produced by SA Blacks or Zimbabwean Blue breeding birds subjected to pure breeding was similar at approximately 33-34 %, but embryonic mortality was improved in eggs produced by Zimbabwean Blue males crossed to SA Black females (27 %). Embryonic mortality was increased in eggs that were set directly (32.0 %) or subjected to longer than 6 days of storage (43.5 %). Embryonic mortality was affected by year. The results that were obtained will assist in determining non-infectious factors that have a negative effect on hatching success. Steps can thus be taken to eliminate such factors that may compromise hatching success.     

提高鸽繁殖效率的几项措施

最近对湛江市坡头区部分养鸽专业户进行了调查 ,发现乳鸽产量高的养鸽专业户都采取了如下措施。１选择优良品种本地白鸽比较高产 ,但体型小 ,不适应市场需求 ,价格偏低。一些大型品种如王鸽、卡奴鸽 ,乳鸽体大 ,２５ｄ达６００ｇ以上 ,很受消费者欢迎。但产量低 ,饲养条件要求较高 ,普通条件下难以达到理想产量。从我们调查的情况看 ,专业户饲养的亲鸽大部分都是本地鸽（♀）与王鸽（♂）的杂交后代。这种鸽高产、体型大。也有部分养石歧鸽。２拼窝孵化通常情况下一对亲鸽每产两个蛋就抱窝孵化 ,１７～１８ｄ出壳。鸽为晚成鸟 ,幼鸽要由亲鸽…     

丹顶鹤卵人工孵化的研究

以盐城国家级自然保护区人工饲养的丹顶鹤98、99年两个繁殖期所产卵的人工孵化情况为材料，研究丹顶鹤卵的特征、孵化周期及孵化过程中鹤卵的失重规律。结果表明：丹顶鹤卵重256克左右，呈椭圆形，鹤卵孵化期为32天左右。鹤卵的失重规律为前快、中慢、后快，认识鹤卵孵化过程中的特点，有助于提高孵化率。     

肉鹅高棚育肥技术

今年来，养鹅业发展迅速，在我区养禽业中占有重要地位。肉鹅高棚育肥技术是应养鹅规模化生产发展的需要，大规模育肥肉鹅的新技术、新方法。现对此技术作以下介绍：     

Embryonic heart rate measurements during artificial incubation of emu eggs

1. Daily changes in embryonic heart rate (HR) of emu were determined non-invasively at 36 degrees C by acoustocardiography (ACG) during the last 30% of artificial incubation (predicted incubation time is 50 d). 2. The pattern of daily changes in mean HR of hatched embryos decreased from about 175 bpm to about 140 bpm towards the end of incubation. 3. The mean HR at 80% of incubation (ca. 170 bpm) was close to the value predicted from an allometric equation reported previously for precocial domesticated birds. 4. ACG could measure embryonic HR even during the external pipping period. 5. If the artificial external pipping procedure is timed correctly after internal pipping, it might aid the embryos in hatching. However, further investigation into this aspect is needed.     

交流之窗——彭阳篇——彭阳县动物疫病防控体系建设现状、存在的问题及对策

做好动物疫病防控体系建设直接关系动物疫病控制、消灭的能力和水平。科学的机构设置和人口配制，适应的基础设施建设及设备的配备至关重要，更要建立长效的所需资金财政保障机制和队伍管理体制，完善动物疫病防控体系，提高控制和消灭动物疫病的能力。     

Lung volume of meat-type chickens

Lung volume (LV) in meat-type chickens was measured by water displacement and was computed as a percentage of body weight (BW). The percentage of LV/BW declined from 2.02 +/- 0.190% at day 1 to 1.38 +/- 0.163% at day 144. Pulmonary hypertension caused by insufficient lung capillary capacity or oxygen exchange area results in right ventricular failure and ascites in meat-type chickens. Insufficient LV in very fast-growing broilers may contribute to this problem. Selection procedures in meat-type chickens should include a method for estimating LV.