苹果绵蚜的发生及检疫与防治

苹果绵蚜 Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann俗称绵虫、棉花虫、血色虫。是苹果属果树(包括苹果、沙果、花红、海棠、山定子)及山楂生产上的重要检疫性害虫。其发生特点是,局部发生,危害严重,借人为传播。该虫原产于美国,30年代初传入我市,50年代中期,共感染结果树62万棵,虫株率达62.5％,其中莱阳、招远、掖县、长岛四县没有发生。通过防治,1960年虫株率下降到0.8％,基本控制了危害,有力的促进苹果生产发展。 60年代以来,由于放松了检疫,忽视了防治,致使绵蚜又有较大范围的蔓延。1985年全市组织普查,结果各县均有发生,共发生89处乡镇,549个自然村,12     

河南省苹果绵蚜的发生与防治初报

苹果绵蚜Ｅｒｉｏｓｏｍａｌａｎｉｇｅｒｕｍ（Ｈａｕｓｍａｎｎ）原产于美国,后随苗木而传播至欧洲各国以及世界各地。根据文献记载,１９１４年传入我国山东威海,１９２９年传入大连。目前,在我国仅发生于大连、烟台、青岛、福山、昆明及拉萨等地。而河南省与山东...     

苹果绵蚜的发生与综防技术

苹果绵蚜是国内外重要的有害生物之一，我县于2001年有害生物普查时，发现苹果绵蚜，为防止其进一步扩散为害，对其分布为害、发生规律及防治方法进行了观察和研究。通过近几年的观察和试验，结果表明用48％毒死蜱或10％吡虫啉、50％抗蚜威交替使用综合防治效果较好。     

苹果十绵蚜的发生与防治初报

我们于 1 996年在河北省正定县野头村苹果园内发现了一种近似苹果绵蚜的害虫 ,经中国科学院动物研究所蚜虫专家张广学院士鉴定 ,确定该虫为隶瘿绵蚜科Ｐｅｍｐｈｉｇｉ ｄａｅ ,拟爪绵蚜属ＳｉｃｉｕｎｇｕｉｓＺｈａｎｇｅｔＱｉａｏｇｅｎ ｎｏｖ 十绵蚜ＳｉｃｉｕｎｇｕｉｓｄｅｃｉｍａＺｈａｎｇｅｔＱｉａｏ ,ｓｐ .ｎｏｖ .,与苹果绵蚜隶属于不同的属 ,是危害苹果的一种新害虫。1　发生现状1 996年 9月在正定县野头村苹果园内发现了约 30株苹果树有棉絮状物 ,详细观察棉絮状物下为一种红褐色的蚜虫 ,分布在苹果树的主干及各枝条上 ,…     

苹果绵蚜在昭通市的发生情况

我们对云南省昭通市苹果绵蚜的发生为害情况进行了普查，调查表明：（1）苹果绵蚜在昭通苹果产区发生普遍且严重；（2）不同管理水平，苹果绵蚜的发生差异明显；（3）苹果绵蚜的发生与为害有随着树龄的增加而严重的趋势；（4）苹果绵蚜在红富士品种上的发生严重于金帅品种；（5）据考证，苹果绵蚜于20世纪80年代中期传入昭通市。     

安阳市苹果绵蚜的发生与防控对策

苹果绵蚜Eriosoma lanigerum（Hausmann）是果树生产的危险性害虫，河南省补充检疫性林业有害生物。苹果绵蚜在安阳市局部零星发生为害，对我市的果树生产构成潜在威胁，应加强对苹果绵蚜的防控。     

苹果绵蚜发生特点及综合防治

苹果绵蚜是蓬莱市果树上的主要害虫,为保护苹果的安全生产,要加强苹果绵蚜的防治。在掌握苹果绵蚜发生特点的基础上,加强果树休眠期和生长季节的综合防治,保护和利用天敌,选择高效低毒的农药喷雾防治,交替使用不同种类的农药品种,以免产生抗药性。     

河南省苹果绵蚜发生现状及其防治对策

苹果绵蚜 (EriosomalanigerumHaus mann)在河南省的发生始于 2 0世纪 90年代初期 ,最早发现的地区是豫东地区与山东接壤的一些地方。经过近 1 0年的发展蔓延 ,该虫已在我省商丘、新乡[1] 、郑州[2 ] 、开封、焦作、洛阳等 6个地市、1 3个县区、4 0多个乡镇蔓延开来。从苹果绵蚜的分布特点来看 ,明显集中于交通主干线的两侧 ;从蔓延的趋势来看 ,明显呈自东向西蔓延之势 ,已开始威胁我省最主要的优质苹果生产基地———三门峡市。根据苹果绵蚜在各地市的发生情况 ,可将其发生区域划分为如下。常年危害区 :包括商丘市的民权、夏邑、虞城、宁陵…     

苹果绵蚜过冷却点测定

苹果绵蚜ＥｒｉｏｓｏｍａｌａｎｉｇｅｒｕｍＨａｕｓ ｍａｎｎ是苹果生产上的重要检疫性害虫。该虫的危害方式是刺吸树干、树枝和根部 ,使树势衰弱 ,产量降低 ,给苹果生产造成严重威胁。该虫以若蚜和少量成蚜在苹果树的根部、皱折及伤疤处越冬 ,是翌年的虫源。研究其耐寒性对预测预报和综合防治有着重要意义。为此 ,2 0 0 1年 2月份对苹果绵蚜的过冷却点进行了测定。结果如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　供试虫源苹果绵蚜采自菏泽市牡丹区李村镇 ,寄主植物为苹果。1 .2　过冷却点测定方法将预冷后的苹果绵蚜若蚜固定在热敏电阻测温探头上 ,然后…     

Integrated pest management approach for a new pest, Lacanobia subjuncta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Washington apple orchards

Bioassays of Lacanobia subjuncta (Grote and Robinson) larvae established baseline LC50 values and identified the potential of reduced-risk, organophosphate replacement and naturally derived insecticides (eg chloronicotinyls, spinosyns, oxadiazines, insect growth regulators, microbial insecticides and particle films) to control this pest. The toxicities of these products were compared with those of organophosphate, carbamate, chlorinated cyclodiene and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides used in the management of lepidopteran pests in Washington apple orchards. Field trials were conducted comparing candidate insecticides to conventional alternatives. Several new insecticides (eg spinosad, methoxyfenozide, indoxacarb and an aluminosilicate particle film) proved to be effective for the management of L subjuncta. We summarize the goals and challenges of developing an integrated pest management program for new and resurgent pests as insecticide tools continue to change, and propose a hypothesis for the sudden increase in pest status of L subjuncta based on organophosphate tolerances. The role of novel insecticides with unique modes of action in resistance management and the encouragement of biological control are also discussed.     

果树新害虫叔白颜果蝇Drosophila triauraria在山东省的发生规律

正果蝇属双翅目果蝇科果蝇属昆虫,多数种类仅以腐烂果实为食物,少数可为害健康果实。已报道的为害多种水果的果蝇有斑翅果蝇Drosophila suzukii、黑腹果蝇D. melanogaster等(任路明等,2014)。2017年用装有糖醋酒液的诱捕器在山东省烟台市、泰安市、济南市、日照市4个市的樱桃园和葡萄园收集果蝇,调查发现一种新的果蝇——叔白     

Current studies on Atherigona indica - a pest of wheat

Abstract

THE PESTICIDE MANUAL. A WORLD COMPENDIUM. Edited by C. R. Worthing. British Crop Protection Council, Croydon, 1979. ISBN 0 901436 44 5. Pp. 655. Price £20.00.

WHO'S WHO IN WORLD AGRICULTURE. 2 volumes. Editorial staff, Francis Hodgson. Longmans, London and Harlow, 1979. ISBN 0 582 90106 5. Pp. 831. Price £75.00.

CARIBBEAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE. Book 1. Principles. Book 2. Practices. A. I. Henry. MacMillan Caribbean Ltd, Basingstoke, 1979. ISBN 0 333 233891. Pp. 202 (book 1), 216 (book 2). Price £2.25 (book 1), £2.30 (book 2).

ECONOMIC THRESHOLDS AND SAMPLING OF HELIOTHIS SPECIES ON COTTON, CORN, SOYBEANS AND OTHER HOST PLANTS. Compiled by Economic Thresholds and Sampling Subcommittee (Chairman W. L. Sterling). Southern Co-operative Series Bulletin No. 231, Texas A and M University, College Station, Texas, 1979. Pp. 159.

FUNGICIDES IN PLANT DISEASE CONTROL. Second edition. Y. L. Nene and P. N. Thapliyal. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi, 1979. Pp. 508. Price Indian Rs. 15.75

INTRODUCTION TO WEED SCIENCE. Beatriz L. Mercado. Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture, Laguna, Philippines, 1979. Pp. 292. Price, not known

GRASS WEEDS IN WORLD AGRICULTURE — IDENTIFICATION IN THE FLOWERLESS STATE. S. Behrendt and M. Hanf, BASF, Ludwigshafen, 1979. Pp. 160. Price £5.20.

SMALL SCALE IRRIGATION. P. Stem. International Irrigation Information Center, Intermediate Technology Publications Ltd., London 1979. ISBN 0 903031 64 7. Pp. 152. Price £3.95.

SEEING &; PERCEIVING: FILMS IN A WORLD OF CHANGE. Neil Taylor and Robin Richardson. Concord Films Council, 201 Felixstowe Road, Ipswich, Suffolk IP3 9BJ, England. 1979. ISBN 0 950600 0 0. Pp. 36. Price 60p.     

海南腰果云翅斑螟发生为害特点

选择5年生腰果园,对腰果不同坐果期腰果云翅斑螟幼虫发生为害特点进行了研究。结果表明,腰果果梨的被害率显著高于坚果被害率。不同部位的侵入率从高到低为果梨端部(果端)>果梨基部(果基)>坚果基部(坚基)>坚果中部(坚中)>果梨中部(果中)>果柄>坚果端部(坚端),果端侵入率显著高于其他部位。不同方位腰果果实被害率及果虫量差异均不显著。田间不同龄期腰果云翅斑螟幼虫比率由高到低为3龄>4龄>5龄>2龄>1龄,3龄幼虫比率显著高于其他龄期。单果虫口数在1～6头范围内时彼此之间差异显著,最高单果虫口数12头,单果虫口数越多,比率越低。在田间应根据其为害特点开展针对性的防治。     

Emmer wheat, a potential new host of Tilletia indica

Two representative Italian emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum) landraces, two selected lines and three improved emmer wheat cultivars, derived from crosses with durum wheat (Molisano landrace × ‘Simeto’), were tested for their susceptibility to Tilletia indica, the cause of Karnal bunt of wheat. Plants of emmer wheat were inoculated by injecting allantoid sporidial suspensions into the boot cavity of plants, just prior to ear emergence. A highly susceptible Indian spring wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum) was used as a comparative control. At maturity of the plants, the seeds were harvested and assessed for incidence and severity of disease. All emmer wheat genotypes tested were infected but showed differing levels of susceptibility. The percentage of infected seeds for individual genotypes ranged from 5.4 to 75.0% compared with 99.1% for WL-711. The severity of infection was less in the old landraces, but it was higher in all the improved emmer wheat cultivars. In conclusion, Italian cultivars of emmer wheat were found to be highly susceptible to T. indica, and are potentially able to support the establishment of the pathogen.Authors L. Riccioni and M. Valvassori contributed equally to this work and should both be considered as first author.     

石榴新害虫——黄蓟马研究初报

四川省凉山州位于四川省西南,属北亚热带季风气候,具有石榴种植得天独厚的气候资源优势。近10年来,本州在石榴种植规模上有较大发展,现已形成南北两大片区,总面积超过1.2万hm2,成为全国石榴主产区之一。但虫害严重,已成为制约本州石榴生产的主要因素之一,     

马铃薯块茎干腐病发生危害及防治

随着种植结构的调整，马铃薯已成为甘肃省定西市的支柱产业，2004年种植面积20万hm^2以上，占全市粮食播种面积的52％，总产量500万t，马铃薯贮藏期腐烂病日渐突出，造成损失严重，成为制约定西马铃薯产业发展的重要因素。为此，对定西市马铃薯贮藏病害的种类、危害情况进行了调查研究。     

桑粉虱的发生危害及防治对策

蚕桑是修水的支柱产业,现有桑园6200hm2,是江西目前最大的蚕桑基地县。随着桑园面积的不断扩大,桑树苗木的不断引进、全球气候变暖、农户防治方法不当等原因,桑园病虫种类逐年增多[1-3]。桑粉虱以前是该县桑园间歇发生的次要害虫,近年来呈上升与蔓延之势,成为主要的暴发性害虫,已在义宁、庙岭、三都、西港等地大面积发生,严重影响了桑叶产量和质量,制约了蚕桑效益的发挥。因而了解桑粉虱的发生规律,控制和预防该虫发生尤显重要。     

柑桔溃疡病发生特点及综合防治对策

柑桔溃疡病(Xanthomnas campestris pv.citri(Hasse)Dye是国际、国内植物检疫对象。目前该病在我国14个省(市)有发生,发生面积约8.7万hm2,虽然发生面积小,仅占柑桔种植面积的4.38%,但是对溃疡病柑桔生产和贸易造成了重大影响。柑桔是江西省农业的支柱产业,控制柑桔溃疡病的发生危害,确保柑桔生产安全,提高产量和果品质量,使其具有国内外市场竞争力,是当前江西省植物保护工作的重要内容之一。