泡桐木材防变色处理配方优选试验研究

为防止泡桐材的变色降等，采用防变色剂、耐光剂、渗透剂组成的防桐木变色剂配方处理桐木板材，观察其对色度ａ＊、ｂ＊、色差ＤＥ＊、明度Ｌ＊的影响。通过正交试验选择最佳工艺参数。处理后的泡桐板材可达到出口一级品之指标，颜色纯洁，保持木材天然本色。     

兰考泡桐木材成分的变色行为及其变色过程

从兰考泡桐木材的含水甲醇浸提物分离出梓醇、泡桐素和芝麻素三种成分,在不同条件下进行模拟变色试验。结果显示,ｐＨ值是影响梓醇变色的主要因素,光照和氧气同时作用可导致泡桐素和芝麻素变色。温度和湿度变化对兰考泡桐木材成分变色也有明显影响。泡桐木材变色是多种因素共同作用的结果。根据对实验事实的分析,提出了这些成分在变色过程中可能发生的一系列反应。     

变色泡桐木材脱色后组分及热稳定性

[目的]探究脱色伴随的变色泡桐木材材色、组分结构和热稳定性变化特点,旨在为泡桐脱色工艺方法提供科学依据和理论支撑.[方法]以兰考泡桐变色木材为试验材料,通过构建脱色处理体系(过氧化氢H2O2、次氯酸钠NaClO、亚氯酸钠NaClO2为脱色剂,30、50、70℃为温度条件),分析脱色前后样品的色差指标和化学组分变化,采用...     

关于兰考泡桐木材变色成分的初步研究

用含水乙醇提取兰考泡桐木材的浸提物,将其分为可溶于石油醚、氟仿、乙醚、乙酸乙酯和水5种溶剂的级分,在滤纸和泡桐材单板上分别进行模拟变色观察试验,肯定了使该木材发生棕红色变色的成分主要存在于水溶部分。对水溶部分的分析结果表明,无色花色甙和原花色甙类化合物是主要的变色成分。对变色成分的性质和影响变色的因素也进行了简要的讨论。     

泡桐材变色类型的确定及变色真菌的鉴定

对泡桐材变色类型的研究表明,泡桐材变色存在着真菌变色。同时从新伐的泡桐木材中分离出两种真菌,经鉴定是链格孢菌和一种根霉菌,这两种真菌可引发泡桐木材变色。     

陕西兰考泡桐木材构造和材性的研究

对陕西渭南产兰考泡桐木材构造和材性的研究表明,木材材质优良,利用价值与其它泡桐相当,其管孔式类型并非为单纯的环孔材或单纯的半环孔材,而是环孔材至半环孔材。     

泡桐木改性处理技术研究综述

介绍了对泡桐木变色的不同看法;对现有的防止泡桐木变色和变色后泡桐木处理人法的优缺点加以概述;对泡桐材改性方面的最新研究──泡桐木表面强化技术和泡桐木的阻燃研究技术作厂介绍;分析厂泡桐木改性发展的趋势。     

泡桐木材的防变色和干燥

泡桐木材防变色问题一直是生产单位和研究部门的难题。本文研究了泡桐木材产生变色的化学成分,得出泡桐中的酚类物质、环烯醚萜甙类、有机酸等是它变色的内因。同时对泡桐变色的物理生物因素进行了研究,发现泡桐木材暴露于空气中时产生变色,较高的外界温度和高的湿度加速泡桐变色。在此基础上摸索了泡桐板材防变色的化学处理方法,研究制定了泡桐板材的干燥工艺,经生产性试验,证明该方法是可行的。     

泡桐材色斑消除方法的探讨

本文针对泡桐变色的主要原因，选用两种不同性质的配方进行色斑消除实验。结果表明：相同条件下，用氧化性配方处理后的试材优于还原性配方。且优于水处理材，达到了外贸一级板标准。     

泡桐木材的防变色暨干燥（续）

泡桐木材的防变色暨干燥（续）苗平，顾炼百，刘启明２泡桐板材的防变色处理２．１泡桐板材的吸水性一般所说的泡桐板材的防变色处理方法主要是用水浸泡法，同时在水中添加对泡桐中的变色成分有一定防变色作用的各种化学药剂，从而达到泡桐板材防变色的效果。用水浸泡就必...     

阻燃剂浸渍处理木材方法研究

本研究以ZR-M-301型木材阻燃剂为浸渍药液,樟子松和水曲柳为木材试样,选择常压浸渍、压力浸渍、微波处理后常压浸渍、超声波加压浸渍和微波处理后超声波加压浸渍五种木材阻燃处理方法,经过试验,探索在生产阻燃木材的浸渍方法中引入微波和超声波技术的可行性,找到效果好的木材阻燃处理方法.本研究的创新点是将微波处理与超声波辐射技术应用于木材阻燃处理中,利用微波加热处理改善木材构造的渗透性能,利用超声波的空化作用强化阻燃剂浸入性能,并提出了新的技术路线.     

DETERMINE ON INITIAL DIMENSIONAL STABILITY OF CHEMICAL MODIFIED WOOD

Strain development along radial direction was continuously determined by D—200Linear Variable Differential Transformers(L.V.D.T).When a wood specimen was put into waterand begin to swell from absolute dry moisture content to the maximum.Experiment results showthat the differences of swelling with soaking time between untreated and treated wood specimens dueto uptaking water.It would also give an indication to the effectiveness of various chemicals on thedimensional stability of modified wood.ASE of modified wood samples with SA-EP,EP and SA were found to be better than MA-AGE.SA-EP had got the best effetiveness on dimensional stabili-ty in reducing the swelling.     

Treatments of southern pine with vinyl chloride and methyl methacrylate for radiation-produced wood-plastic combinations

Summary A method was developed for the impregnation of liquid vinyl chloride monomer into wood. Wood-plastic combinations (WPC) prepared from polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyvinyl chloride plasticized with diocylthalate (DOP+PVC) were found to offer improvements in selected physical properties of wood. The initial anti-swell efficiency (ASE) values of PMMA WPC and DOP+PVC WPC are very high, averaging approximately 87 and 82 percent respectively after 5 hours of soaking; whereas PVC WPC attained an average of only 53 percent. After prolonged soaking, the ASE values of all treated wood decreased considerably, indicating no permanent stability was achieved. In hardness, the PMMA WPC attained an average springwood-summerwood rating of 76, the DOP+PVC WPC and the PVC WPC a rating of 69 and 63, respectively; whereas the untreated wood achieved a rating of only 53.The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr.Oskar Klopfer of Ethyl Corp, Baton Rouge, La. for technical assistance.     

防腐处理竹材的室内抗腐性试验

选用经五种防腐药剂处理过的淡竹进行室内抗腐性试验,同时选用毛竹做室内天然耐腐性试验。结果表明:用热冷槽法,浓度为5%的“BB”和3%的“BBF”防腐效果较好,采用浸渍法,浓度为5%的“BP”、“CCB”“FCAP”均具有防腐效力,浸渍时间19天为宜。毛竹的天然耐腐性较差,与木材相比毛竹在较低的重量损失率(20%)下就丧失使用价值。而木材在同等重量损失率范围内则属于稍耐腐或耐腐等级。     

STUDIES ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DAHURIAN LARCH-WOOD OF TWO WOOD COLOURS

Dahurian1arch[Larixgmelini(Rupr.)Rupr.jisamaintimbertreespe-ciesinDaxing'anLingForestRegion,and'itisalsoafast-growingandregenerationtreeinNorthChina-Becauseitsecologicalamplitudeisverywild,therearemanyva-riabletypesinvarioushabitats.Themostsignificativetypes,whichhavebeenfoundrecentlyininvestigation,aretheredwoodandwhitewood.Theformerisfromyellow-browntored-brown,andthelat-tCrisfrompaleyellowtowhite.Theyaresimilarto'Redscotchpine#and'Whitescotchpine#.Theparametersofwoodcol-ourandphysico-…     

Colour responses from wood,thermally modified in superheated steam and pressurized steam atmospheres

Abstract

In this study, two different methods were used to produce thermally modified wood. One was carried out in a typical kiln drying chamber using superheated steam (SS) and the other used pressurized steam in an autoclave cylinder (PS). Overall, both processes followed the same principles and the wood was not treated with any chemicals. Two wood species were studied, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies). Treatments in the autoclave were carried out under pressure using temperatures of 160°C, 170°C and 180°C. Temperatures of 190°C and 212°C were used in treatments in the chamber at normal air pressure. The colour was measured using L*C*H colour space. Results for both species showed that similar L* (lightness) can be reached at lower (20–30°C) temperatures using PS compared with SS treatment. The hue angle of PS-treated wood was smaller than that of SS-treated wood. No significant difference in C* (chroma) was detected. The difference in E value between PS- and SS-treated wood was smaller for Norway spruce than for Scots pine. The residual moisture content was about 10% higher in wood treated by the PS process compared with the SS process.     

Wood colour in Lapacho (Tabebuia serratifolia): chemical composition and industrial implications

This study is aimed at relating the colour of Tabebuia serratifolia (Bignoniaceae family) wood to its chemical composition and technological characteristics, such as hardness and gluing, important for the manufacture of wood flooring. Samples with standard wood colour and evident chromatic anomalies were subjected to CIELAB colorimetric and gas-chromatography analyses. Red and yellow wood colour is associated with the presence of lapachol and dehydro-α-lapachone, respectively, whereas large amounts of polyphenols were found in black parts, together with other quinone compounds. Wood is hardest where lapachol gives rise to a yellow chromatic zone (L1). Delamination tests have shown that polyphenols affect lamella bonding strength. The results may be used by the wood flooring industry to identify the chemical constituents of T. serratifolia according to its colour and foresee possible problems during the production process.     

热氧老化和水浸渍对木粉/HDPE和稻壳粉/HDPE两种复合材料性能的影响

木粉和稻壳粉是制备木塑复合材料(WPC)常用原料。WPC在使用过程中经常受到热和水分的影响,笔者对比研究了稻壳粉/HDPE和木粉/HDPE两种复合材料经历热氧老化和长时间水浸渍后性能的变化规律。结果表明:木粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料的弯曲强度和弹性模量都大于稻壳粉/HDPE的;随着热氧老化或水浸渍处理时间的延长,复合材的挠曲性能下降,其中木粉/HDPE复合材的弹性模量下降最为迅速;复合材料表面明度值随着热处理时间的延长而减小,说明颜色变暗,稻壳粉与木粉填充的复合材之间差别不大。通过光学显微镜观察发现,HDPE与稻壳粉或木粉之间都有缝隙存在,为水分和氧气的进出提供了通道。     

改善硼类木材防腐剂流失性的方法及建议

硼类木材防腐剂是环保型防腐剂,但其易流失的缺点使其在户外的应用领域受限。通过总结和归纳防腐处理方法、助剂的应用与特殊硼化物的应用,及提高硼类防腐剂抗流失性的研究进展,为硼类防腐剂扩大应用及今后进一步研究和推广方向提出建议。     

木质饰品常用装饰技法与不同树种材料属性间的关系

木质饰品采用何种装饰技法,与木质基材本身属性间存在着必然联系,不同的装饰技法对木材属性的要求不同.通常圆雕技法对木材的物理力学性质要求较高,常采用硬木材质;浅浮雕、线雕技法常用软木材质;烙画工艺对木质材料的材性、颜色、纹理有所要求,常采用材质较软的浅色、弱纹理木材;重彩工艺则常用浅色、色纯的木材;车木工艺常用纹理通直的木材.