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Attempts to prevent equine post neurectomy neuroma formation through retrograde transport of two neurotoxins, doxorubicin and ricin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Digital neurectomies, performed to relieve pain and lameness, are often complicated postoperatively by formation of painful neuromas. In this study attempts were made to deliver lethal doses of neurotoxin to the cell bodies of the transected digital nerve fibres via long-distance retrograde axon transport and, thereby, prevent the regenerative changes that lead to neuroma formation. After applying doxorubicin in various ways to the digital nerve stumps of ponies, degenerating or necrotic neurones appeared only sporadically in the spinal ganglia. Although doxorubicin was largely ineffective in retrograde destruction of cell bodies, when absorbed in pledgets on the stumps it exerted a sustained action which prevented Schwann cell proliferation and axon sprouting. Ricin, in contrast to doxorubicin, was effective in retrograde destruction of sensory neurons. Many affected neurons were devoid of polysomes but packed with mitochondria; others had advanced to various stages in cytolysis. Despite its effectiveness, ricin cannot be recommended because of its extreme toxicity. The clinical use of retrograde transport in equine neurectomy will probably depend on future development of hybrid toxins with high neural specificity and low systemic toxicity. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: No studies have been published on effects of treatment with a defocused beam carbon dioxide (CO2) laser on equine skin histology. A better understanding of this will help to define how lasers should be used, in order to reduce potential side effects. OBJECTIVE: To describe the acute effects of different doses of defocused CO2 laser, ranging from therapeutic to surgical levels, on equine skin. METHODS: Defocused CO2 laser was administered to the skin in the hamstrings (91 J/cm2), fetlock (137 J/cm2) and loin (450 J/cm2) areas of 13 Standardbred horses. The acute effects on skin histology were examined 90 min after the end of therapy. RESULTS: Mild changes with focal spongiosis and subepidermal clefts were found after 91 J/cm2 irradiation and more severe changes with diffuse subepidermal clefts after the 137 J/cm2 dose. A homogeneous eosinophilic acellular zone of dermis and destruction of adnexal structures, and significant thinning of the epidermis was observed after the 450 J/cm2 dose. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates acute dose-dependent changes in equine skin histology after laser treatment Severe tissue damage was induced using a 450 J/cm2 dose. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: To reduce the potential side effects of defocused CO2 laser treatment, the laser parameters must be carefully evaluated. Caution should be taken if doses higher than 91 J/cm2 (16 W, 4 min, and 42 cm2) are used in irradiation of equine skin. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of recurrent laryngeal neurectomy (RLN) in combination with laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy on the postoperative performance of Thoroughbred racehorses treated for grade III left laryngeal hemiparesis (LLH). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Fifty-five Thoroughbred racehorses. METHODS: Medical records for Thoroughbred racehorses treated surgically by laryngoplasty and laser ventriculocordectomy with or without RLN between June 1993 and December 1996 were reviewed. Outcome was evaluated subjectively by assessment of performance obtained from telephone interviews with owners and trainers, and objectively by assessment of racing performance for 3 races before and after surgery using a performance index (PI). RESULTS: Fifty-five Thoroughbred racehorses with resting endoscopic grade III LLH were treated by laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy either with (39 horses) or without (16 horses) RLN. For RLN horses, respondents for 38 horses believed performance was improved in 19 horses, unchanged in 16 horses, and decreased in 3 horses. For horses without RLN, respondents for 9 horses reported that performance was improved in 5 horses, unchanged in 2 horses, and decreased in 2 horses. PI scores were improved in 18 RLN horses and in 6 horses without RLN; there was no statistical difference in outcome. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of RLN in combination with laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy for treatment of grade III LLH may not improve postoperative racing performance. 相似文献
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B R Blakley 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(2):240-243
Female Swiss mice were exposed to sodium arsenite or sodium aresenate in the drinking water for 15 weeks at concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 micrograms/mL arsenic content. After three weeks of the 15 week exposure period, the mice were administered urethan (1.5 mg/g) intraperitoneally. Pulmonary adenoma formation was evaluated 12 weeks later. Arsenic exposure produced a protective effect with respect to tumor development. Both forms of arsenic reduced the size and number of pulmonary adenomas observed per mouse. In addition, urethan-induced sleeping times which reflect the rate of urethan metabolism or excretion remained unchanged. This suggests that arsenic exposure does not alter urethan excretion and is not a factor influencing subsequent adenoma formation of these levels of exposure. 相似文献
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W Jentsch U Hennig J Wünsche H Wittenburg W B Souffrant 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1990,40(11-12):1019-1026
As part of digestibility and energy metabolism studies in intact and ileorectostomized growing pigs model experiments were carried out on sampling techniques and the influence of storage conditions on CO2 and volatile fatty acid production in chyme. Results on the formation of CO2 and VFA in chyme and faeces are given. They indicate that chyme from the small intestine can be subjected to bacterial and enzymatic changes outside the animals and therefore must be stored in a cool place. In the chyme of IRA animals with closed colon descendens (end-to-end anastomosis) significantly reduced VFA contents were found in comparison to animals with open colon descendens (end-to-side anastomosis). 相似文献
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A Kuwano 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1991,38(9):685-688
Bordetella bronchiseptica phase I organism possesses a capsule and has the ability to agglutinate with K antiserum, although phase III organism lacks both. The present study examines the effect of sulfamonomethoxine (SMMX) on capsule formation of B. bronchiseptica. I also investigated whether or not the organisms possessed a capsule by bacterial agglutination with K antiserum. Three SMMX-resistant strains of B. bronchiseptica phase I organisms showed loss of agglutinability with K antiserum by culturing them at a higher concentration of 1.56 micrograms/ml of SMMX. These results indicated that capsule formation of SMMX-resistant B. bronchiseptica is inhibited by SMMX. 相似文献
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Laser therapy is used in many countries, including South Africa, for the treatment of skin wounds. Low level galium aluminium arsenide (GaAlAs) laser was administered to full thickness skin wounds (3 x 3 cm) induced surgically on the dorsal aspect of the metacarpophalangeal joints of 6 crossbred horses in a randomised, blind, controlled study. Treated wounds that received a daily laser dosage of 2 J/cm2 were compared with nontreated control wounds on the opposite leg. There were no wound complications. Both groups of wounds were cleaned daily using tap water. Wound contraction and epithelialisation were evaluated using photoplanimetry. There were no significant differences in wound contraction or epithelialisation between the laser treated and the control wounds. It was therefore concluded that laser therapy had no clinically significant effect on second intention wound healing in this study. 相似文献
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E. Ryu 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1963,27(11):261-266
The colonial formation of three serotypes of Leptospires on Cox's solid medium was promoted by microaerophilic incubation of one to three per cent of CO2 supplied by carbon dioxide cylinder, sodium carbonate oxalic acid, and candle method. In anaerobic incubation Leptospira pomona grew the same as with CO2 incubation.
The pH of the medium was an important influence on the rate of colonial formation of Leptospires.
Addition of hemoglobin and inactivation of rabbit serum was not an essential condition for rapid colonial formation. It was found that variation in the morphology of leptospiral colonies occurred with hemoglobin from different species and individuals.
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Otrocka-Domagała I Rotkiewicz T Karpińska J Purzyńska-Pugacewicz A Kasperowicz B Mikołajczyk A Babińska I 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2004,7(4):295-303
The aim of the study was to observe the effect of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E supplementation on the course of the regeneration process of the longissimus lumborum muscle after bupivacaine-induced myonecrosis as well as to determine the correlation between the level of those substances in plasma and their levels in damaged and non-damaged muscular tissue in pigs. The obtained results indicate that the course of regeneration of a damaged muscle is affected to a higher extent by coenzyme Q10 than by vitamin E. The administration of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E has a significant impact on the increase in the level of those substances in damaged muscles and plasma of animals. 相似文献
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End-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PetCO2) and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) were determined and compared in isoflurane-anesthetized spontaneously breathing equine neonates. End-tidal carbon dioxide and PaCO2 values increased with respect to time. Difference between values of PetCO2 and PaCO2 increased over time. End-tidal carbon dioxide tension was useful to predict changes in and was more closely correlated with PaCO2 early in the anesthetic period (T less than or equal to 60 minutes). The dead space volume to tidal volume (Vd/Vt) ratio increased with respect to time, indicating increase in physiologic dead space in isoflurane-anesthetized foals. The data indicate that the increased difference between widening of the PetCO2 and PaCO2 values over time may have been attributable to hypoventilation and decreased pulmonary capillary perfusion of alveoli. 相似文献
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Lasers have become a popular tool in veterinary practice, particularly the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. In humans, the CO2 laser is used most commonly in oral and maxillofacial soft tissue surgery due to its favorable interactions with oral soft tissues. Other types of lasers are better suited for use on hard tissues such as enamel and dentin. This article reviews the history of laser use, physics of laser-tissue interaction, delivery systems, and laser types used in dentistry and oral surgery. This is followed by a case report describing the use of CO2 laser as an adjunctive treatment for therapy of refractory caudal stomatitis in a cat. 相似文献
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许多养猪生产者发现,在开始对仔猪接种猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)疫苗后,猪场生产效益要好于PCV2感染之前。这是怎么回事呢? 相似文献
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Kwon YS Jang KH 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):193-195
The effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on morphologic change and function of the liver was investigated after 70% hepatectomy in rats. The liver weight and hepatocyte proliferation of the KRG treated groups significantly increased compared to those of the control group. KRG inhibited the increase of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and the number and area of lipid droplets. On the basis of these results, it could be concluded that KRG accelerated the liver regeneration and ameliorated liver injury after hepatectomy in rats. 相似文献