热处理对青枣货架期品质的影响

以西昌地区的青枣为试材,研究了不同热处理方式对青枣货架期好果率、腐烂指数、失水率和热伤程度的影响。结果表明,适宜条件的热水处理效果最好,其最佳条件为50℃热水处理10min,能显著提高青枣货架期品质,抑制腐烂,提高好果率,延长青枣的货架寿命。     

拮抗酵母菌结合热水浸泡处理对冬枣采后腐烂及品质的影响

采用拮抗酵母菌（美极梅奇酵母菌（Metschnikowia pulcherrima））单独处理或结合热水浸泡处理（55 ℃,30 s）冬枣果实, 研究在模拟货架条件下（24 ℃）贮藏7 d,不同处理对人工接种橘青霉或链格孢菌后冬枣伤口的腐烂率、病斑直径和对冬枣自然腐烂及贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,采用拮抗酵母菌单独处理及结合热水浸泡处理都可显著降低人工接种致病菌冬枣的腐烂率、病斑直径及减轻冬枣的自然腐烂程度,并能提高冬枣的贮藏品质,其中以美极梅奇酵母菌结合热水浸泡处理的效果最佳,是一种可替代化学杀菌剂控制冬枣果实采后腐烂的较理想的处理方法。     

1-MCP对冬枣常温贮藏生理和品质的影响

以白熟期冬枣为试材,经不同浓度1-MCP（250,500,1000nL/L）处理后,在常温条件下贮藏30天时,1-MCP处理能够显著抑制冬枣乙醇积累,保持较好的硬度、可溶性固形物和VC含量,降低腐烂指数和乙烯释放速率,提高贮藏后期呼吸速率,但对失水率和转红指数的影响不显著。不同浓度1-MCP处理以1000nL/L保鲜效果最佳。     

热水处理对木纳格葡萄保鲜效果的影响

研究了热水处理对轻度加工木纳格葡萄贮藏保鲜效果的影响。试验结果表明,45℃条件下8min热处理能够明显地降低果实腐烂率,抑制葡萄相对电导率的上升与果肉硬度、CAT活性下降,提高果实的POD活性,从而提高葡萄果实贮藏品质与延长货架期。     

1- MCP对冬枣常温贮藏生理和品质的影响

以白熟期冬枣为试材,经不同浓度1-MCP（250,500,1000nL/L）处理后,在常温条件下贮藏30天时,1-MCP处理能够显著抑制冬枣乙醇积累,保持较好的硬度、可溶性固形物和VC含量,降低腐烂指数和乙烯释放速率,提高贮藏后期呼吸速率,但对失水率和转红指数的影响不显著。不同浓度1-MCP处理以1000nL/L保鲜效果最佳。     

保鲜剂和贮藏温度对青椒果实贮藏品质的影响

以大棚秋延后陇椒5号青椒果实为试验材料,研究了常温(20～25℃)、低温(9～10℃)条件下,伊源青椒保鲜剂和乙烯利处理对贮藏期间青椒VC含量、叶绿素含量、腐烂指数、转红率和保鲜率的影响。结果表明,在不同温度的贮藏期间,青椒VC含量和叶绿素含量逐渐下降,腐烂指数和转红率逐渐增大,商品果率减小;伊源保鲜剂能显著延缓青椒VC含量的下降和叶绿素的降解速度,减小腐烂指数和转红率,延长贮藏期。低温条件显著提高了青椒的保鲜效果,延长了保鲜期。     

热处理对尖椒果实贮藏特性及冷害的影响

【研究目的】研究热水处理对尖椒果实贮藏冷害的影响,为尖椒的冷藏提供理论和应用依据。【方法】用热水处理（CK;处理：45℃水中浸泡5min。）尖椒果实。研究热处理对尖椒果实贮藏特性及冷害的影响。【结果】热处理抑制了贮藏过程中尖椒的腐烂率,冷藏30d时处理果的腐烂率仅为对照果实的37.5%。     

热处理在果蔬贮藏保鲜上的应用

热处理是指果蔬采后在适宜温度(一般在35℃～50 ℃)下杀死或抑制病原菌的活动处理,以降低酶活性,达到贮藏保鲜的效果.处理方式包括热空气、热蒸汽、热水浸泡、远红外线及微波处理.采后热处理技术能减少果蔬贮运期间的腐烂,为无毒、无农药残留的采后病害控制提供了一种有效方法.因此,热处理技术又成为近年来研究果蔬保鲜的重要课题. 　　……     

采后外源钙对甜樱桃货架品质的控制

为探明外源钙对甜樱桃采后货架期品质的影响,以晚熟品种"晚红珠"为研究试材,经不同浓度CaCl2(1.5%、2.5%)浸果5 min处理后,在货架条件(18~20℃)下存放,并测定其相关商品指标变化。结果表明:不同浓度CaCl2处理在货架期6 d内,可显著控制果实腐烂率和失水率的下降,保持果面色泽亮度和饱和度,维持果实硬度、减缓果实软化,延缓果实花青苷的合成以及保持果柄持绿程度。其中,1.5%CaCl2处理组在各个取样时间点测得的腐烂率和失水率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),模拟货架条件下放置6 d内,腐烂率和失水率分别控制在5%和2.5%以内;2.5%CaCl2处理,在模拟货架条件下放置12、15 d时,硬度较对照组分别高17.0%、19.0%。因此,综合以上指标,1.5%CaCl2处理对甜樱桃货架期的延长具有显著效果。本研究为CaCl2在甜樱桃采后货架期保鲜技术中的应用提供了理论依据。     

不同浓度水杨酸处理对冬枣保鲜效果的影响

以沾化冬枣为试材,研究不同浓度水杨酸（SA）处理对冬枣保鲜效果的影响。结果表明：SA处理可抑制冬枣果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和VC含量的降低,延缓果实腐烂率、腐烂指数和失重率的升高,提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性,抑制丙二醛含量和细胞膜相对透性的升高,其中浓度为30 mmol·L-1的SA处理效果最好。SA处理可有效延缓冬枣果实衰老和保持果实品质,具有良好的应用前景。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

新疆布尔津县土地利用格局特征研究

基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为：（1）布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。（2）四个分区（即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区）的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区（3）从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.