共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Lieve M.J.H. de Rycke DVM Henri J.J. van Bree DVM PhD Paul J.M. Simoens DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(3):294-299
Six normal dogs were subjected to ultrasound-guided biopsy of the liver, spleen and kidney to examine the accuracy of the technique (i.e. the presence of targeted tissue) and the histologic quality of the biopsies. Five consecutive tissue-core biopsies of each organ were taken on one or more occasions. The accuracy of the technique was 77% for hepatic, 90% for splenic, 53.5% for left kidney and 40% for right kidney biopsies. The histologic quality of the liver and kidney samples was sufficient, although for some samples the diagnostic value was limited by their size and in renal samples either cortical or medullary tissue was sometimes lacking. In contrast, the quality of the splenic sections was not good. The effect of reused and resterilized needles on the quality of the specimens was evaluated by histologic inspection of the samples and by the amount of biopsies lacking tissue. All tissue samples, including those taken with reused or resterilized needles had sharp-cut edges. Twenty-two of the total number of 120 biopsies (18%) contained no tissue. Absence of tissue in the samples was observed in biopsies taken with all needle types. The animals were observed for possible complications of the repeated needle biopsy. Apart from one case of hematuria, no complications were encountered. 相似文献
2.
Ramiro Isaza DVM MS Norman Ackerman DVM Juergen Schumacher DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1993,34(6):452-454
Percutaneous ultrasound-guided liver biopsies were conducted in 15 snakes using 18-gauge automatic biopsy devices. The liver samples collected ranged in size from 1.16 ± 0.40 mm to 8.3 ± 0.55 mm. Upon histologic examination, all biopsy samples were of diagnostic quality. Anesthesia with complete immobilization of the snake was necessary to allow proper selection of the target site and limit complications associated with biopsy collection. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided liver biopsy is a rapid, minimally invasive method for collecting liver tissue in snakes. 相似文献
3.
FREDRIK E. HOPPE DVM PHD DAVE A. HAGER DVM PAUL W. POULOS JR. DVM PHD STINA EKMAN DVM P. G. LINDGREN MD PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1986,27(4):99-101
A manual, ultrasound-guided biopsy technique was compared to a new automatic method using a new biopsy device. The liver and the left kidney of 10 dogs were biopsied using the two methods. The specimens from the biopsies were compared for size and quality. Results demonstrate that larger and higher quality samples were obtained with the new automatic method. 相似文献
4.
Alberto Mosca Zohil DVM M. Cecilia Castellano DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(5):393-396
A comparative study was conducted in ten dogs with signs of prostatic disease in order to evaluate the usefulness of the prepubic and transrectal ultrasonography for the examination of the prostate gland and for prostate biopsy guidance. Both techniques were adequate to identify the prostate gland and prostatic urethra. Transrectal ultrasound found 5 occurrencies of parenchymal echogenicity changes whereas the prepubic technique found only 2. Lesions in the cranial prostatic margin (two dogs) were detected only by prepubic ultrasound. Lesions of the caudal prostatic margin (six dogs), prostatic urethra disruption (two dogs) and prostatic capsule abnormalities (five dogs) were only recognized by the transrectal approach. Prepubic ultrasonography was useful for biopsy guidance of cranial prostatic lesions and transrectal ultrasonography was a good means for biopsy guidance of caudal lesions. 相似文献
5.
Thomas G. Nyland DVM Seth T. Wallack DVM Erik R. Wisner DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(1):50-53
Localized tumor implantation of the ventral abdominal wall was found at 2, 5, and 8 months following percutaneous ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of transitional carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, or prostate in 3 dogs. To our knowledge this complication has not been reported in dogs following FNAB. Despite the rarity of needle-tract implantation, the potential for this complication with transitional cell carcinomas is apparently not negligible and warrants consideration. We recommend traumatic urethral catheterization to obtain a cytologic diagnosis of potential transitional cell carcinomas of the lower urinary tract or prostate whenever possible until more information becomes available. However, needle-track implantation is so rare that it should not influence the decision to perform a percutaneous FNAB if the urethra cannot be catheterized. 相似文献
6.
Jian-xin WU MVSc PhD Carol H. Carlisle MVSc DVR FACVSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(3):234-239
A method for systematic examination of the livers was developed, based on identification of the hepatic and portal veins in sixteen dogs. The right medial, quadrate, left medial and lateral hepatic veins and the hepatic branches of the portal veins were easily located with the dog in dorsal recumbency. The right lateral and caudate hepatic veins were identified more easily from the right side with the transducer positioned between the ninth to the eleventh intercostal spaces. Visibility was affected by the fullness of the stomach but this effect could be minimized by changing the position of the transducer to select a more suitable anatomical approach. Identification of the two systems depended on their echogenicity, the anatomical position of the main branches and their pattern of distribution. As in humans, the portal veins were in general, more echogenic than the hepatic veins and the hepatic veins could be traced from their junctions with the caudal vena cava. Identification of the branches of the hepatic and portal veins was complicated by the anatomical shape, the nutritional status and respiratory stage of the animal. A systemic approach based on a knowledge of the distribution patterns produced by the hepatic and portal veins ensures that all liver lobes are identified and all important structures are assessed. 相似文献
7.
Andrew Holdsworth Kate Bradley Sally Birch William J. Browne Virginie Barberet 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(6):620-627
Elastography is a simple, expedient and noninvasive technique that may be used to assess the elasticity or stiffness of a tissue, in conjunction with traditional B‐mode ultrasonography. Quantitative assessment of tissue stiffness can be made which involves measurement of the shear wave velocity within the tissue of interest. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of elastography for clinical use in the abdomen of conscious small animals and to investigate factors that affect shear wave velocity measurement. Elastography was performed on the liver, spleen, and kidneys of 15 dogs at predefined depths within the parenchyma. Breed, age, gender, neuter status, and weight were documented for each animal. Depth at which measurements were taken had a significant negative relationship with the shear wave velocity value obtained. Individual dog effects, such as weight and gender, also appeared to have a significant effect on the shear wave velocity measurement for specific organs; weight had a significant positive effect on the shear wave velocity for each of the organs examined, whereas the effect of gender was inconsistent between organs (having a positive effect for the liver and a negative effect for the spleen). It is hoped that these results may act as a baseline to guide further work into the field of elastography in companion animals. 相似文献
8.
Linda J. Konde DVM Robert H. Wrigley BVSc MS DVR MRCVS Richard D. Park DVM phd Jack L. Lebel DVM PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1984,25(4):173-178
Radiographic and ultrasonic examinations were performed in 12 normal dogs. Initial ultrasound examinations were performed in normally hydrated dogs. The ultrasonic appearance of the diuresed kidney was evaluated after excretory urography and intramuscular administration of furosemide. The dogs were euthanized for anatomic correlation with the sonographic appearance of the kidneys. Renal cortex, medulla, pelvic diverticula, intrarenal vessels, renal pelvis, and renal sinus fat were identified sonographically. Kidney enlargement during diuresis was due to increase renal medullary size. Veterinary Radiology, Vol. 25, No. 4, 1984; pp 173–178. 相似文献
9.
ADAM T. WATSON DOMINIQUE PENNINCK JOYCE S. KNOLL JOHN H. KEATING JAMES SUTHERLAND‐SMITH 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(3):317-322
The safety and diagnostic value of combined splenic fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and needle core biopsy (NCB) is unknown. Forty‐one dogs with splenic lesions were studied prospectively. Safety was assessed in 38 dogs and no complications were encountered. Initially, clinical and anatomic pathologists reviewed each FNA and NCB sample, respectively, without knowledge of the other's results. Diagnoses were categorized as neoplastic, benign, inflammatory, normal, or nondiagnostic. The level of agreement between sampling methods was categorized as complete, partial, disagreement, or not available. Test correlation was performed in 40 dogs. Nondiagnostic results occurred in 5/40 NCB (12.5%) and no FNA samples. Neoplasia was diagnosed in 17/40 dogs (42.5%), benign changes in 20/40 dogs (50%), inflammatory disorders in 0/40 dogs, and normal 2/40 dogs (5%). One of the 40 dogs (2.5%) had a diagnosis that was equivocal for neoplasia on both tests and therefore was not categorized. Of the 35 dogs that had diagnostic samples, cytopathologic and histopathologic diagnoses agreed completely in 18/35 dogs (51.4%), partially in 3/35 dogs (8.6%), and were in disagreement in 14/35 dogs (40.0%). Pathologists collaboratively reviewed diagnoses that were in disagreement or partial agreement and altered their individual diagnoses in 6/17 dogs (35.3%) to be within partial or complete agreement, respectively. Percutaneous FNA and NCB can be performed safely in dogs with sonographic splenic changes. Results suggest that adding NCB to FNA provides complementary information in dogs with suspected splenic neoplasia. This combined protocol may improve detection of splenic neoplasia and provide neoplastic subclassification. 相似文献
10.
Gultekin Atalan Dr. Vet. Med. Frances J. Barr MA VetMB PhD MRCVS Peter E. Holt BVMS PhD CBiol MIBiol FRCVS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(4):408-412
The purposes of this study were to: 1) compare prostatic dimensions measured on radiographic and ultrasonographic images and 2) compare a subjective radiographic assessment of prostate size with a previously-described objective method. Thirty-four male dogs undergoing investigation of prostatic disorders were used. Prostate length and depth were measured from ultrasonographic and radiographic images. A subjective assessment of prostate size ('small', 'normal', or 'enlarged') was made in 29 animals by one of the authors who was unaware of radiographic or ultrasonographic measurements. In addition, the distance from sacral promontory to the pubic brim was also measured. A prostate length or depth of >70% of this distance was defined as 'enlarged' and <70% as 'normal'. After the effects of magnification on radiographic measurements were eliminated, there were no significant differences between prostatic length measured by the two methods. However, a significant difference was obtained between prostatic depth measurements. The subjective assessment agreed with a previously described objective assessment of prostatic size in 21/29 dogs for prostate length but in only 12/29 for depth. Prostatic length varied from 46.6 to 116.4% (mean 75.7%) of the distance from the pubic brim to the sacral promontory. Prostatic depth varied from 33.0% to 94.6% (mean 59.7%) of the same distance. It is recommended that prostate length, rather than depth, be used when evaluating prostate size from lateral abdominal radiographs. 相似文献
11.
Canine prostate gland abnormalities affect a large number of adult male dogs. In veterinary medicine, the commonly used methods to diagnose canine prostate gland disease are digital rectal examination and abdominal ultrasound. We evaluated the ability of ultrasound contrast agent to provide additional information about the vascularity of the canine prostate gland; such information could be useful in detecting early prostate gland disease and in staging disease known to be present. We characterized the ultrasonographic appearance of prostate gland vascularity in 10 healthy dogs before and after the injection of an ultrasound contrast agent (Levovist?). Before injecting Levovist?, the prostate gland blood flow was classified as poor in all dogs, whereas after contrast agent injection blood flow was classified as moderate or good, in 3 and 7 dogs respectively. Knowledge of the status of prostate gland vascularity could be useful for the characterization, diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of canine prostate gland lesions. 相似文献
12.
Mitchell A. Crystal DVM Dominique G. Penninck DVM Michael E. Matz DVM Susan H. Pearson BA Greg O. Freden DVM Richard M. Jakowski DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1993,34(6):438-444
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core biopsy in the diagnosis of infiltrative gastrointestinal diseases. Six dogs and seven cats with clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease underwent ultrasonography and intestinal lesions were identified. One or more ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and/or core biopsy procedures were performed in each patient. Each patient also underwent one of the following additional procedures for comparison of results: 1) surgery (n=4), 2) endoscopy (n=2), 3) post mortem exam (n=3), and, 4) for lymphoma diagnosed with ultrasound-guided procedures, response to chemotherapy (n=4). Correct diagnoses were obtained in nine of the 13 patients, incorrect diagnoses in two of the 13 patients, and inconclusive diagnoses in two of the thirteen patients. Of the 16 total ultrasound-guided procedures performed, ten were confirmed as correct, three as incorrect, and three were non-diagnostic. Intestinal lesions with bowel wall thickness greater than 2.0 cm had a higher percentage of correct diagnoses than lesions of lesser wall thickness. Gastric lesions had a higher percentage of correct diagnoses than small and large intestinal lesions. Malignant lesions had a higher percentage of correct diagnoses than benign lesions. There were no complications. Ultrasound-guided gastrointestinal fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core biopsy appears to be a safe, accurate, and rapid procedure for use in the diagnosis of infiltrative gastrointestinal disease. 相似文献
13.
ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND RADIOGRAPHY OF THE CANINE POSTPARTUM UTERUS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A vulvovaginal discharge following parturition in a bitch is often a cause of concern to owners and clinicians, especially if whelping was complicated in any way. Ultrasonography could potentially distinguish between normal and abnormal postpartum uterine states because the uterine wall and luminal contents can be imaged in detail. Five normal bitches were examined to determine the normal ultrasonographic appearance of the postpartum uterus and the sensitivity of ultrasonography in detecting the involuting uterus, comparing this sensitivity with that of radiography. Ultrasonography was done at 1, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 days postpartum, radiography at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 18 days postpartum. By 12 days postpartum, the uterus could not be seen on radiographs, while at 24 days postpartum the uterus was still sonographically identifiable. The ultrasonographic characteristics of the involuting uterus are described. 相似文献
14.
HIDEYUKI KANEMOTO KOICHI OHNO KO NAKASHIMA MASASHI TAKAHASHI YASUHITO FUJINO RYOHEI NISHIMURA HAJIME TSUJIMOTO 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2009,50(2):188-194
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using Sonazoid, a novel contrast medium with a liver-specific Kupffer phase, was evaluated in canine focal liver lesions Twenty-five dogs with a liver mass were given intravenous Sonazoid, and the enhancement pattern in the arterial, portal, and parenchymal phase was characterized. An enhancement defect in the lesion in the parenchymal phase was observed in all malignant lesions, whereas only one of nine benign lesions had a filling defect. The diagnostic value of the presence of a filling defect for malignancy was statistically significant (100% sensitivity, 88.9% specificity, 94.1% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value), and was equal to that of hypoenhancement in the portal or delayed phase. The defect pattern (clear or irregular defect) was dependent ( P <0.05) on the types of malignancy (i.e., hepatocellular carcinoma and other types of malignancies). In the arterial phase, five of the six hepatocellular carcinomas had hypervascularity, whereas no other lesion was characterized by hypervascularity. In some dogs, additional lesions that could not be observed with conventional B-mode ultrasonography were detected in the parenchymal phase. The enhancement pattern of Sonazoid, especially in the parenchymal phase, has potential as a diagnostic tool for canine focal liver lesions. 相似文献
15.
The present study sought to determine the accuracy of ultrasonographic measurement of the prostate; to observe the ultrasonographic appearance of the normal prostate; and to compare these observations with those in prostates affected by cystic hyperplasia, benign hyperplasia, land neoplasia. Trassabdominal ultrasonography of the canine prostate was performed in eight normal dogs to establish criteria for evaluating enlarged prostates. Marginal boundries, size, and ultrasonographic architecture were compared with dissection findings to assess the accuracy of ultrasonography. Four enlarged prostates were evaluated ultrasonographically, and the findings were correlated with results of needle aspiration and urethral wash and with surgical and histopathologic findings. Differentiation between cystic and solid prostatic enlargement by ultrasonography proved efective. Transducer frequency and gain manipulation were important factors in describing the nature of the fluid within a cyst. Assenssment of the nature of solid prostatic enlargement and accurate size determination proved to be areas in which ultrasonography should by used in conjunction with other diagnostic techniques. 相似文献
16.
Laura E. Ziegler Robert T. O''Brien Kenneth R. Waller James A. Zagzebski 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(4):451-454
Eight adult dogs with no evidence of liver disease, weighing between 8 and 25 kg were imaged after injection of a microbubble contrast medium using harmonic ultrasound imaging. All dogs received three separate bolus contrast injections, and six dogs also received three separate constant rate infusions each. Time/Mean Pixel Value curves were generated for selected regions of the liver. Upslope, downslope, baseline, peak, change, and time to peak were calculated. For bolus injection (averaging all subjects), upslope was 3.85 +/- 1.50 Mean Pixel Values/s, downslope was -0.71 +/- 0.30 Mean Pixel Values/s, baseline was 72.38 +/- 17.82 Mean Pixel Values, peak was 120.26 +/- 17.44 Mean Pixel Value, change from baseline to peak was 47.88 +/- 6.92 Mean Pixel Values, time to peak (from injection) was 22.88 +/- 6.79 s, and time to peak (from first upslope) was 13.88 +/- 1.55 s. Data acquisition and analysis from constant rate infusions was more cumbersome than for bolus, and results were less repeatable. There were significant differences (p < .005) in upslope, downslope, peak values, and time to peak between the two methods. These baseline data may prove useful in the evaluation of dogs with diffuse hepatic disease. 相似文献
17.
BARBARA VANDEVELDE BERNADETTE VAN RYSSEN JIMMY H. SAUNDERS MARTIN KRAMER HENRI VAN BREE 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2006,47(2):174-184
Osteochondrosis lesions in 29 shoulder joints (from 20 dogs) were evaluated with ultrasound (US) and the results were compared with survey radiography, arthrography, and arthroscopy. US was performed with a 7-12 MHz linear matrix transducer which was placed in cranio-caudal direction just distally to the acromion while the joint was adducted and maximally endorotated to visualize the caudal aspect of the humeral head. With US, the subchondral defect was completely visible in 21 joints and partially visible in 8 joints. The length of the subchondral defect measured on US was comparable with the length measured on survey radiographs. In two joints, the cartilage flap was mineralized and thus already visible on survey radiographs. The mineralized flap was visible on US as a straight hyperechoic line above the subchondral defect. In the other joints, survey radiographs could not assess the status of the articular cartilage. In 17 joints, the presence of a cartilage flap or cartilage fissuring was suspected based on the presence of a second hyperechoic line at the base of the subchondral defect, and this suspicion was confirmed by arthroscopic examination in 16 joints and also by arthrographic examination in 15 joints. One joint that was suspected of having a cartilage flap on US was normal on arthroscopy and arthrography. When US revealed only focal thickening of the anechoic cartilage layer (5 joints), the joints appeared normal on arthroscopic and arthrographic examination. Of the four joints where the subchondral defect was irregular and covered by heteroechogeneous material on US, arthroseopy revealed the presence of a lesion resembling chondromalacia in two joints, the presence of a small cartilage flap in one joint and the presence of scar tissue underneath the flap at the level of the subchondral defect in one joint. In conclusion, US is a helpful imaging modality in the identification of osteochondritic lesions in the canine shoulder joint. US also appears to be a satisfactory imaging tool for identifying lesions such as joint mice, joint effusion, and distinct new bone formation. 相似文献
18.
THE EFFECTS OF A UNILATERAL ULTRASOUND-GUIDED RENAL BIOPSY ON RENAL FUNCTION IN HEALTHY SEDATED CATS
Wm Tod Drost DVM George A. Henry DVM James H. Meinkoth DVM MS PnD J. Paul Woods DVM MS Mark E. Payton PhD Carolyn Rodebush ASRT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2000,41(1):57-62
Complications of renal biopsies are well documented except for the change in renal function after a biopsy. Eighteen healthy, adult cats were divided into two groups (n = 9 cats/group). For the measurement of global and split renal function, Group 1 used the renal uptake of 99mTc-DTPA and Group 2 used the renal uptake of 99mTc-MAG3. Scintigraphic data were collected on days (-4), (-3), 0, 1, 2, and 4 post renal biopsy. Using ultrasound guidance, biopsies were taken from the right renal cortex on dO, before acquiring scintigraphic images. P - values less than 0.10 were considered significant due to the limited number of observations. The only statistically significant change (p = 0.08) in global renal function detected was by day following a unilateral renal biopsy. Cats imaged using 99mTc-MAG3 had discernible liver activity. A unilateral, ultrasound guided renal biopsy has minimal effect on renal function in normal, healthy sedated cats. 相似文献
19.
Joseph Harmon Jr. Hiroto Yoshikawa James Custis Susan LaRue 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2013,54(1):93-98
This study used kilovoltage (kV) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging to characterize canine intrafractional prostate motion during hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy treatment. Serial CBCT images taken just prior to initiating treatment, and at several times during the treatment session, were acquired throughout the course of treatment for canine patients. All patients were immobilized in dorsal recumbency while using an air‐inflated rectal balloon. For each treatment session, rigid registration of intrafraction CBCT images with the interfraction CBCT used for setup verification was performed. Contours of the prostate and urethra were drawn on each CBCT image set and the center of mass for each structure was evaluated as a function of time. A total of seven canine patients was included in the study, resulting in 41 CBCT images collected during a total of 12 treatment sessions. Over 70% of our data were collected for CBCTs taken between 20 and 51 min after final patient setup was complete. The mean intrafraction movement in a single direction for the prostate and urethra was ≤0.14 mm and ≤0.22 mm, respectively. The maximum intrafraction movement for the prostate and urethra was ≤ 1.60 mm and ≤ 2.00 mm, respectively. The maximum variability in intrafraction movement for the prostate and urethra, as defined by two standard deviations, was ≤1.40 mm and ≤1.50 mm, respectively. Minimal intrafraction variability using appropriate patient positioning and rectal balloon, combined with kV CBCT image‐guided radiation therapy tools to account for interfraction changes, permit accurate and precise targeting of structures of interest. 相似文献
20.
Susan M. Newell DVM MS Lisa Neuwirth DVM MS Pamela E. Ginn DVM Gregory D. Roberts DVM Linda S. Prime BS Jay M. Harrison 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(4):332-336
The prostate gland of 11 normal dogs and five dogs with histological confirmed chronic lymphocytic or lymphoplasmocytic prostatitis were imaged with grey-scale and Doppler ultrasound. Three vessel types (prostatic artery, capsular artery and parenchymal artery) were identified with color Doppler and the resistive index and maximum and minimum velocities were measured with pulsed wave Doppler. No differences between normal dogs and dogs with prostatitis was identified in either grey-scale ultrasound or in any Doppler parameters measured. Regardless of histologic diagnosis, acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg IV) caused a significant decrease in capsular artery maximum and minimum velocities and prostatic artery resistive index. This study establishes normal Doppler ultrasound parameters for the intact male canine prostate gland. Additional studies are necessary to further evaluate the clinical utility of Doppler ultrasound in canine prostatic diseases. 相似文献