Regulation of the apolipoprotein AI gene by ARP-1, a novel member of the steroid receptor superfamily

Apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) is a lipid-binding protein that participates in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids in the plasma. A complementary DNA clone for a protein that bound to regulatory elements of the apoAI gene was isolated. This protein, designated apoAI regulatory protein-1 (ARP-1), is a novel member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. ARP-1 bound to DNA as a dimer, and its dimerization domain was localized to the COOH-terminal region. ARP-1 also bound to a thyroid hormone-responsive element and to regulatory regions of the apoB, apoCIII, insulin, and ovalbumin genes. In cotransfection experiments, ARP-1 downregulated the apoAI gene. The involvement of ARP-1 in the regulation of apoAI gene expression suggests that it may participate in lipid metabolism and cholesterol homeostasis.     

Growth cone guidance in insects: fasciclin II is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily

The cellular cues that guide neuronal growth cones toward their targets are highly conserved in such diverse organisms as insects and vertebrates. Evidence presented here suggests that the molecular mechanisms underlying these events may be equally conserved. This article describes the structure and function of fasciclin II, a glycoprotein expressed on a subset of fasciculating axons in the grasshopper embryo. Antibody perturbation experiments suggest that fasciclin II functions in mediating one form of neuronal recognition: selective fasciculation. Fasciclin II is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and is homologous in structure and function to the neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM and to several other vertebrate cell adhesion molecules.     

水稻PHD锌指蛋白cDNA的克隆及其表达分析

利用cDNA-AFLP分析籼稻明恢86应答稻纵卷叶螟取食基因差异表达,发现1个与植物同源结构域(PHD)锌指蛋白高度同源的TDF,分离获得该TDF对应的粳稻全长cDNA.该全长cDNA与籼稻、玉米、蓖麻、葡萄、拟南芥和大豆等作物PHD锌指蛋白推定氨基酸序列的同源性分别为98.43%、86.01%、54.58%57.02...     

猪BYSL基因克隆、序列特征及表达分析

BYSL基因是哺乳动物胚胎着床和胚胎发育的关键因子。为进一步研究猪BYSL基因的结构与功能,揭示其表达模式,本研究结合基因同源序列克隆技术和RT-PCR方法克隆了猪BySL基因;利用生物信息学软件对该基因进行序列特征和结构分析;利用Real-time PCR技术分析了BYSL基因的时空表达模式。结果表明,猪的BYSL编...     

团头鲂HoxB3a基因全长cDNA克隆及表达

Hox基因是脊椎动物一类重要的生长和发育调节基因,其所编码具螺旋-转角-螺旋结构的转录因子能与靶基因特定区域DNA结合,从而调节动物胚胎发育过程中体轴的形成和器官组织的生长.本研究采用cDNA末端快速扩增法(RACE)克隆了团头鲂HoxB3a的全长cDNA,并对团头鲂不同时期的胚胎和成鱼的不同组织进行了RT-PCR分析,以探索HoxB3a基因的时空表达特征.序列比对分析结果显示,团头鲂HoxB3a编码的氨基酸序列与斑马鱼(Danio rerio)、大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)、红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)、青鳉(Oryzias latipes)、条纹鲈(Morone saxatilis)、人(Homo sapiens)和小鼠(Mus musculus)的相似性分别为96%、85%、77%、76%、78%、66%和67%,同源性较高,这说明HoxB3a基因在长期的进化中具有较高保守性.RT-PCR结果表明,团头鲂HoxB3a基因从16 hpf(hours post fertilization)胚胎期到出苗期都有表达,在成鱼大部分器官或组织中具表达活性,预示该基因存在着重要的生物学功能.Hoxb3a基因全长cDNA的克隆、胚胎不同阶段表达及组织细胞表达特征研究,为进一步探索该基因的发育通路奠定了基础.     

Expression cDNA cloning of the KGF receptor by creation of a transforming autocrine loop.

An expression cloning strategy was devised to isolate the keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) receptor complementary DNA. NIH/3T3 fibroblasts, which secrete this epithelial cell-specific mitogen, were transfected with a keratinocyte expression complementary DNA library. Among several transformed foci identified, one demonstrated the acquisition of specific high-affinity KGF binding sites. The pattern of binding competition by related fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) indicated that this receptor had high affinity for acidic FGF as well as KGF. The rescued 4.2-kilobase complementary DNA was shown to encode a predicted membrane-spanning tyrosine kinase related to but distinct from the basic FGF receptor. This expression cloning approach may be generally applicable to the isolation of genes that constitute limiting steps in mitogenic signaling pathways.     

桂花OfAP1基因的克隆及表达分析

AP1（APETALA1）基因在植物花分生组织及花器官形成过程中发挥着重要作用。以桂花品种‘堰虹桂’Osmanthus fragrans‘Yanhonggui’为材料,根据前期获得的转录组数据中AP1的序列设计引物,利用PCR技术,克隆得到约750 bp桂花AP1 cDNA序列,即OfAP1基因,其中开放阅读框长为720 bp（注册号为MH593222）。氨基酸序列比对发现,与其他物种的AP1基因的同源性高达69%~88%。荧光定量PCR结果表明:在不同组织中,桂花的OfAP1基因在花芽中的表达量显著高于其他组织,根中几乎不表达;在花芽分化过程中,OfAP1在成花转变及花芽分化初期（花瓣、花萼分化期）表达量较高,随后呈下降趋势。这说明OfAP1具有组织表达特异性,同时在桂花成花转变、花芽分化和发育中有重要作用。     

Human CSF-1: molecular cloning and expression of 4-kb cDNA encoding the human urinary protein

A 4-kilobase complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) was isolated. When introduced into mammalian cells, this cDNA directs the expression of CSF-1 that is structurally and functionally indistinguishable from the natural human urinary CSF-1. Direct structural analysis of both the recombinant CSF-1 and the purified human urinary protein revealed that these species contain a sequence of at least 40 amino acids at their carboxyl termini which are not found in the coding region of a 1.6-kilobase CSF-1 cDNA that was previously described. These results demonstrate that the human CSF-1 gene can be expressed to yield at least two different messenger RNA species that encode distinct but related forms of CSF-1.     

北京鸭IGF-1cDNA部分序列的克隆及其在胸肌组织表达的发育性变化

为探讨IGF-1基因对北京鸭胸肌发育的影响,试验克隆了北京鸭IGF-1 cDNA的部分序列,分析了其核苷酸及编码的氨基酸序列与其他物种的同源性,并检测了IGF-1 mRNA在不同日龄北京鸭胸肌中表达的发育性变化。结果表明,克隆的鸭IGF-1 cDNA部分序列长507 bp,编码168个氨基酸,核苷酸序列与鸡、家鸭、鹌鹑、火鸡、鸵鸟、人和猪的同源性分别为98％,99％,97％,98％,96％,84％和82％,编码的氨基酸序列与家鸭、鸡、火鸡、鹌鹑、人、挪威鼠和猪的同源性分别为99％,98％,97％,97％,84％,79％和84％。表明北京鸭与家鸭的亲缘关系最近,与鸡、鹌鹁、火鸡、鸵鸟也有较近的亲缘关系;北京鸭胸肌中IGF-1 mRNA表达丰度在7,14,21 日龄间和28, 35,42日龄间的差异均不显著(P>0．05),但28,35,42 日龄显著高于7,14,21日龄(P<0．05),说明在北京鸭胸肌发育较快的时期,IGF-1 mRNA表达量也较高,IGF-1 mRNA的表达量与胸肌的发育呈正相关。     

鸽TLR7基因的克隆、鉴定及表达分析

【目的】克隆鸽Toll样受体(Toll-like receptor 7,TLR7)全基因,预测其主要功能区域并分析在鸽的各种组织中的表达情况.【方法】通过RT-PCR、RACE、相对荧光定量PCR、生物信息学软件分析方法进行研究.【结果和结论】研究发现鸽TLR7基因cDNA全长3 516 bp,ORF全长3 175 bp,编码1 048个氨基酸.其蛋白结构主要由胞外的富含亮氨酸的结构域(LRRs)、跨膜域(TM)和胞内的Toll/白介素-1受体结构域(TIR)3部分构成.鸽TLR7基因编码的氨基酸序列与鸿雁Anser cygnoides、绿头鸭Anas platyrhynchos、鸡Gallus gallus和麻雀Taeniopygia guttata的相似性均高于78%,与哺乳动物的相似性约为60%,与鱼类的相似性低于55%.鸽TLR7基因在小肠、脾脏、肾脏、肝脏中表达量较高,而在大脑、肺脏、气管、心脏、胰腺、肌肉、皮肤中表达量相对较低.该研究克隆了鸽TLR7全基因,并预测其主要功能区域.     

草鱼胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白IGFBP-1基因的全长cDNA克隆及表达

克隆了草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus）胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白 1(IGFBP-1)基因的全长cDNA,并对草鱼不同时期的胚胎和成鱼不同组织进行了RT-PCR分析,以探索草鱼IGFBP-1基因的生物学功能。结果显示：(1)草鱼IGFBP-1基因cDNA全长为1 135 bp,包含一个789 bp阅读框,编码262个氨基酸残基;草鱼与鲤、斑马鱼、沟鲶、大鳞大麻哈鱼、虹鳟、五条、小鼠和人的IGFBP-1氨基酸序列相似度分别为94%、93%、69%、60%、58%、56%、40%和38%;草鱼IGFBP-1蛋白的N端和C端序列负责与胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)结合,其保守性较高。(2)RT-PCR分析结果表明,草鱼胚胎期IGFBP-1 mRNA的表达水平很低,在受精后4 hrs和8 hrs胚胎未能检测到转录本,受精12 hrs后,仅能检测到微量表达;草鱼IGFBP-1mRNA在肝脏、肾脏、肠和心脏组织中具有表达活性。鉴于IGFBP-1基因在IGF信号通路中的重要作用,又是一个低氧诱导基因,上述结果可为进一步探索IGFBP-1基因的功能奠定基础。     

黄曲条跳甲易化扩散载体超家族成员的cDNA序列及其基因表达

采用转录组测序和荧光定量PCR等方法,分析蔬菜害虫黄曲条跳甲Phyllotreta striolata(Fabrici-us)易化扩散载体超家族成员的cDNA序列及其基因表达。结果表明:黄曲条跳甲的一种易化扩散载体超家族成员PsMFS1,其开放阅读框为1 224bp,编码407个氨基酸,含有2个典型的功能域,即药物分子排出系统蛋白功能域和易化扩散载体超家族蛋白功能域;该基因在黄曲条跳甲雌雄成虫的不同部位中都有表达,其中头部、中肠和精巢或卵巢的相对表达量较高,触角和足部的相对表达量较低。     

鸡IL-2基因cDNA输卵管组织特异性表达载体的构建与表达

将克隆并测序的鸡卵清蛋白基因5′端调控序列和鸡IL-2基因cDNA,以串联方式置于真核表达载体pcDNA3的CM V启动子下游,构建了鸡输卵管定位表达载体pcDNA3-OVP-IL 2。将真核表达载体pcDNA3-IL 2和构建的输卵管定位表达载体pcDNA3-OVP-IL 2分别转染鸡输卵管上皮细胞,激素诱导72 h后,用淋巴细胞转化试验检测细胞培养液中IL-2的表达水平及生物学活性。结果显示,转染细胞均可表达IL-2,且所表达的IL-2有促进T淋巴细胞转化和淋巴母细胞成熟的活性;转染pcDNA3-OVP-IL 2的输卵管上皮细胞表达产物在1∶256稀释水平下仍具有促进T淋巴细胞转化和淋巴母细胞成熟的活性。转染pcDNA3-IL 2载体的输卵管上皮细胞虽有IL-2表达,但水平较低。     

Structure of the membrane protein FhaC: a member of the Omp85-TpsB transporter superfamily

In Gram-negative bacteria and eukaryotic organelles, beta-barrel proteins of the outer membrane protein 85-two-partner secretion B (Omp85-TpsB) superfamily are essential components of protein transport machineries. The TpsB transporter FhaC mediates the secretion of Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA). We report the 3.15 A crystal structure of FhaC. The transporter comprises a 16-stranded beta barrel that is occluded by an N-terminal alpha helix and an extracellular loop and a periplasmic module composed of two aligned polypeptide-transport-associated (POTRA) domains. Functional data reveal that FHA binds to the POTRA 1 domain via its N-terminal domain and likely translocates the adhesin-repeated motifs in an extended hairpin conformation, with folding occurring at the cell surface. General features of the mechanism obtained here are likely to apply throughout the superfamily.     

Specific block of calcium channel expression by a fragment of dihydropyridine receptor cDNA

Although the structure of rabbit skeletal muscle dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor, deduced from cDNA sequence, indicates that this protein is the channel-forming subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC), no functional proof for this prediction has been presented. Two DNA oligonucleotides complementary to DHP-receptor RNA sequences coding for putative membrane-spanning regions of the DHP receptor specifically suppress the expression of the DHP-sensitive VDCC from rabbit and rat heart in Xenopus oocytes. However, these oligonucleotides do not suppress the expression of the DHP-insensitive VDCC and of voltage-dependent sodium and potassium channels. Thus, the gene for DHP receptor of rabbit skeletal muscle is closely related, or identical to, a gene expressed in heart that encodes a component of the DHP-sensitive VDCC. The DHP-sensitive and DHP-insensitive VDCCs are distinct molecular entities.     

Hemolin: an insect-immune protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily

Insects have an efficient defense system against infections. Their antibacterial immune proteins have been well characterized. However, the molecular mechanisms by which insects recognize foreignness are not yet known. Data are presented showing that hemolin (previously named P4), a bacteria-inducible hemolymph protein of the giant silk moth Hyalophora cecropia, belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Functional analyses indicate that hemolin is one of the first hemolymph components to bind to the bacterial surface, taking part in a protein complex formation that is likely to initiate the immune response.     

中间球海胆smad2/3基因克隆、组织表达及其脂多糖刺激响应

为明确中间球海胆Strongylocentrotus intermedius smad2/3基因(命名为Si-smad2/3)信息,初步研究了该基因的序列特征、组织表达模式及脂多糖对其表达的影响,采用RACE技术克隆获得了成体中间球海胆Si-smad2/3基因的全长cDNA序列。结果表明:Si-smad2/3基因的cDNA全长为2146 bp,共编码446个氨基酸;生物信息学分析发现,Si-smad2/3基因所编码的蛋白相对分子质量为50 300,等电点为6.93,属于亲水性非跨膜蛋白;通过与9种已公布物种的smad2/3蛋白氨基酸序列进行多重序列比对和系统进化分析发现,中间球海胆Si-smad2/3蛋白的氨基酸序列与其他真核生物smad2/3蛋白序列具有较高的相似性,与紫球海胆Strongylocentrotus purpuratus smad2/3蛋白的一致性高达96%,符合中间球海胆的分类和进化地位;实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测结果显示,Si-smad2/3基因在中间球海胆不同组织中均有表达,其相对表达量从高到低为体腔细胞>管足>性腺>围口膜>肠>齿间肌;利用脂多糖(LPS,0.1 mg/mL)对中间球海胆进行免疫刺激发现,与对照组相比,LPS刺激后Si-smad2/3基因在中间球海胆体腔细胞、管足和围口膜中均呈先升高后降低的表达趋势,其中,Si-smad2/3基因在中间球海胆体腔细胞中的相对表达量在LPS刺激9 h时达到峰值,管足中表达量在LPS刺激6 h时达到峰值,而围口膜中的表达量在LPS刺激72 h时达到峰值。研究表明,Si-smad2/3可能参与中间球海胆的免疫应答过程且免疫响应具有组织特异性。     

欧洲鳗鲡免疫球蛋白轻链基因的克隆及表达分析

通过RT-PCR技术克隆欧洲鳗鲡(Anguilla anguilla)Ig轻链基因cDNA全长序列,命名为AaIgL,其全长为1 016bp,开放阅读框为714bp,编码238个氨基酸。将该基因片段与pET-his载体连接构建原核表达载体,在大肠杆菌BL21中诱导表达,其表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析,结果表明新增的27ku蛋白条带与预期值相符,且与兔抗欧洲鳗鲡IgM血清发生特异性显色反应,证实了AaIgL基因能够在大肠杆菌中以包涵体形式高效表达;实时荧光定量PCR检测结果发现:AaIgL在欧洲鳗鲡各组织中均有表达,其中脾脏的表达量最高,肾脏和心脏中也有较高的表达水平,而肝脏、肌肉、鳃以及肠中的表达量较低;欧洲鳗鲡经山羊IgG肌肉注射后脾脏和肾脏的AaIgL表达水平明显上升,其峰值分别为第7天和第14天,AaIgL在脾脏的表达量显著高于肾脏,但是第21天后均恢复至正常水平。以上结果表明,AaIgL在欧洲鳗鲡机体免疫防御中发挥重要作用,脾脏是AaIgL基因的主要表达器官。     

草鱼CRP基因全长cDNA的克隆及其表达分析

利用草鱼C-反应蛋白(CRP)的EST序列(CK233056)设计引物,采用快速扩增cDNA末端(SMART-RACE)的方法克隆CRP基因的5′末端,获得1个约520 bp的cDNA片段.将该片段与EST拼接,得到CRP基因全长cDNA,长度为889 bp,含有1个672 bp的开放阅读框,两侧分别有74 bp和143 bp的5′和3′非翻译区域(open reading frame, ORF),CRP基因编码224个氨基酸残基,N端含有15个氨基酸残基的信号肽.利用RT-PCR半定量法对健康及被嗜水产气单胞菌人工感染的草鱼的心脏、脑、前肠、肾脏、肝胰脏、肌肉、脾等组织CRP的mRNA表达水平进行检测,结果表明,CRP基因在7种组织中均有表达,表达水平差异不明显.在人工感染24 h后,各组织中CRP的mRNA水平平均升高5倍左右,与哺乳动物和一些鱼类在炎症反应中血清CRP水平升高一致,而人工感染48 h后,除心脏和肌肉组织中有显著降低外,其他组织没有明显变化,仍维持较高水平.