光强对福建马蓝光合特性的影响

以药用植物福建马蓝(Strobilanthes cusia)为材料,研究不同光强对福建马蓝光合特性的影响。结果表明,不同光强(100%自然光照、30%自然光照、6%自然光照)处理下,马蓝叶片的光合速率日变化均呈双峰型曲线。3种光强处理中,以30%自然光强下光合速率最高。与自然光照相比,遮荫条件下(30%自然光照、6%自然光照)马蓝具有较高的初始荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ的光化学活性(Fv/Fo)、原初光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学量子产额(Yield)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)和较低的非光化学淬灭系数(qN);遮荫条件下,马蓝是通过提高叶片叶绿素a/b含量,降低光补偿点,提高光系统中光反应中心光化学活性,增强系统的光能转换效率来提高光合速率,以弥补弱光条件下光能的不足。试验发现遮荫条件下,光合速率和气孔导度相关度较低,非气孔因素应是遮阴影响马蓝光合的主要因子,同时发现遮荫使得马蓝气孔对于光照强度响应的敏感度显著增加。光强对马蓝叶片药效学成分靛蓝、靛玉红中靛蓝含量影响不显著,100%自然光处理的靛玉红含量大于两个遮荫处理。福建马蓝适宜于30%自然光照条件下的间作套种或林下栽培,对其生长有利。     

银中杨光合作用和蒸腾作用对土壤干旱的响应

 以银中杨3年生苗木为试验材料,通过盆栽试验,研究土壤干旱程度、干旱持续时间和逐渐干旱对银中杨叶片气体交换参数的日变化和光响应过程的影响。结果表明:银中杨具有较强的抗旱性;适度干旱有利于银中杨光合作用;逐渐干旱过程中,土壤含水量在40.1%～20.2%范围内,光合速率随着含水量的减少而降低,但降低幅度较小,表观量子效率基本不变;土壤含水量为15.5%时的光合能力则大幅度下降;银中杨的光饱和点在750～1300μmol.m-2.s-1之间,随着土壤含水量的下降,光饱和点降低;光合速率和腾速率与气孔导度的正相关性较强,与胞间CO2则有负相关的趋势;在逐渐干旱过程中,水分利用率随着含水量的下降而上升,但长时间的严重干旱胁迫导致水分利用率降低;在相同含水量条件下,逐渐干旱对各光合参数的影响均小于梯度干旱,这说明银中杨光合作用能忍受暂时的干旱,重度水分胁迫持续时间较长时,光合速率和蒸腾速率大幅度降低,这是银中杨对干旱的一种适应方式。     

弱光条件下不同基因型辣椒幼苗光合与生长的差异

利用遮光方式,使光照强度降低65%~70%,以研究弱光对不同基因型辣椒幼苗光合、蒸腾以及生长形态指标的影响。结果表明:弱光环境下辣椒净光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率下降,并且净光合速率的下降是非气孔限制的结果。弱光下辣椒幼苗同化物合成与积累受到抑制,表现为叶片数减少,高粗比增加,根冠比、比叶鲜样质量、比叶干样质量、全株干样质量和壮苗指数下降。弱光使辣椒叶片叶绿素含量增加,叶绿素a/b比值下降,叶片含水量上升。小果型辣椒的耐弱光性普遍强于大果型甜椒,并且弱光环境下相对壮苗指数较高,以及净光合速率下降较少的辣椒或甜椒,具有耐弱光的优势。     

钼、硼对大豆光合效率的影响

以大豆(Glycinemax)浙春3号、浙春2号和3811等3个品种为材料,设置了不同的钼、硼处理(低钼低硼,施钼,施硼和钼、硼同施),研究了钼、硼对大豆光合效率的影响。结果表明,施钼或硼促进了大豆叶面积的扩大,提高了大豆光合速率和荚的可溶性糖含量,延缓了大豆生育后期叶绿素的衰退,增强大豆的呼吸作用,降低茎和叶的可溶性糖含量,从而提高了大豆的光合效率,且钼、硼同施作用更大。在对大豆光合叶面积、叶绿素含量和呼吸作用的影响强度上,钼的作用于大硼;对大豆光合速率和可溶性糖含量的影响强度,硼的作用大于钼。3个大豆品种对钼、硼的反应存在一定的基因型差异。     

Effect of nutrient solution concentration on photosynthesis,growth, and content of the active substances of passionfruit 1

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure of passionfruit plants (Passiflora edulis Sims. var edulis) to five different electrical conductivity (EC) levels (1.2, 2.3, 4.5, 6.8, and 9.0 mS/cm) of the nutrient solution on net gas exchange (Pn), content of chlorophyll, the biologically active substances, vitexin and orientin, total biomass production, and morphological traits using plants grown in a greenhouse. Important traits, such as plant height, number of internodes, and leaf number per plant were significantly influenced and showed a linear relation to the increased EC levels of the solution. The highest biomass production, chlorophyll concentration, net carbon dioxide (CO₂) assimilation and leaf area were obtained at an EC of 6.8 mS/cm. At an EC level of 9.0 mS/cm, the growth of the plants was depressed and photosynthetic rate sharply declined. The highest photosynthetic rate (8.45 μmol/m²/s) was measured at an EC of 6.8 mS/cm and a photosynthetic photon flux of 1600 μmol/m²/s. The trend of photosynthesis was closely related to those of chlorophyll content, transpiration and mesophyll conductance. There was significant regression relating the shoot yield to increasing EC of the nutrient solution. The leaf chlorophyll content increased from 0.70 mg/g (75 mg/m²) at an EC of 0 to 1.74 mg/g at an EC of 6.8 mS/cm. The leaf water potential sharply declined with the increasing EC levels. The specific leaf area was high at EC of 2.3,4.5, and 6.8 mS/cm. The mean ratio of the root to the shoots decreased as EC was increased up to 6.8 mS/cm. Orientin content was the highest (168 mg %) at an EC of 9.0 mS/cm, having a linear effect, while the lowest vitexin content (36 mg %) was achieved at an EC of 6.8 mS/cm. The results suggest a positive role of increasing nutrient solution EC for orientin accumulation than to vitexin.     

Growth of rice plants under red light with or without supplemental blue light

Abstract

The effects of blue light supplementation to red light on growth, morphology and N utilization in rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv. Sasanishiki and Nipponbare) were investigated. Plants were grown under two light quality treatments, red light alone (R) or red light supplemented with blue light (RB; red/blue-light photosynthetic photon flux density [PPFD] ratio was 4/1), at 380 mol m^?2 s^?1 PPFD. The biomass production of both cultivars grown under RB conditions was higher than that of plants grown under R conditions. This enhancement of biomass production was caused by an increase in the net assimilation rate (NAR). The higher NAR was associated with a higher leaf N content per leaf area at the whole-plant level, which was accompanied by higher contents of the key components of photosynthesis, including Rubisco and chlorophyll. In Sasanishiki, preferential biomass investment in leaf blades and expansion of wider and thinner leaves also contributed to the enhancement of biomass production. These morphological changes in the leaves were not observed in Nipponbare. Both the changes in physiological characteristics, including leaf photosynthesis, and the changes in morphological characteristics, including leaf development, contributed to the enhancement of biomass production under RB conditions, although the extent of these changes differed between the two cultivars.     

光照亏缺对橡胶-作物农林复合系统中作物生产力的影响

为探明农林复合系统中光照亏缺对不同间作作物生产力的影响,以橡胶-豆薯和橡胶-花生农林复合模式为研究对象,测定光照强度、作物生物量、光合生理等指标,研究光照亏缺对不同喜光间作作物生产力的影响及可能的影响因素。结果表明,复合系统中间作区域的光照强度日变化呈单峰型,间作区域平均光照强度为裸地对照的51.3%～59.0%。间作作物的产量显著低于相应单作处理(P0.05);间作豆薯产量可达22.9 t×hm~(-2),为单作处理的85.3%;而间作花生产量仅为单作处理的39.2%。光照亏缺环境对间作豆薯和花生不同位置叶片的RuBisCO活性没有显著影响,但显著提高叶绿素(特别是叶绿素b)含量,降低类胡萝卜素含量(P0.05),其光合能力亦低于相应单作处理。复合系统中间作豆薯叶面积高于单作豆薯,而间作花生叶面积则较单作花生显著降低59.1%～88.4%(P0.05)。综上所述,豆薯比花生更适合在橡胶-作物农林复合系统中进行间作,间作豆薯应该是通过维持较高的叶面积来捕获光能并制造更多的光合产物,从而维持相对较高的生产力。     

施水对本氏针茅光合作用和叶绿素荧光特征的影响

 通过利用短期施水代替降雨的方法,研究长期干旱条件下突然施水对本氏针茅光合特性的影响。结果表明:施水后,本氏针茅的叶水势得到恢复,RuBP羧化酶活性提高,表观量子效率、羧化速率和最大光合能力明显增加,限制光合作用的气孔因素和非气孔因素得到缓解。同时,本氏针茅的光化学活性在施水后部分恢复,光量子产量和热耗散能力明显提高。不同水分条件下,本氏针茅叶片的叶绿素荧光光诱导过程存在较大的差异,施水条件下,叶片的光合速率、气孔导度、实际光化学效率和非光化学淬灭上升速率较快,而持续干旱条件下叶片的光诱导速率较慢。     

混种少花龙葵嫁接后代对镉胁迫枇杷幼苗光合生理的影响

采用盆栽试验,将4种少花龙葵嫁接后代分别和枇杷(大五星枇杷和川早枇杷)幼苗混种于镉含量为10 mg/kg的污染土壤中,研究了混种对两种植物光合生理的影响。结果表明:混种后,枇杷幼苗相应的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度及可溶性糖含量均高于单种,叶表面蒸汽压亏缺降低;少花龙葵嫁接后代相应的SPAD值和净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度均高于单种,其可溶性糖含量较单种有所降低,混种大五星枇杷的少花龙葵嫁接后代的叶表面蒸汽压亏缺高于其单种,但混种少花龙葵嫁接后代的川早枇杷叶表面蒸汽压亏缺低于其单种。因此,少花龙葵嫁接后代混种枇杷可提高两种植物的光合作用,进而可促进两种植物的生长。     

有机肥和化肥对烟叶气体交换、叶绿素荧光特性及叶绿体超微结构的影响

【目的】本文以烤烟K326为材料,探讨了在不同叶龄时期有机肥与化肥在烟叶气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光特性、叶绿素含量及叶绿体超微结构等方面的差异,以期从光能利用(宏观)及叶绿体超微结构(微观)方面,揭示两种肥料配比对烟叶光合作用的影响机制,同时为探索烟叶高产优质栽培模式提供理论依据。【方法】以蛭石为栽培基质进行盆栽试验。设施用烤烟专用有机肥(N∶P2O5∶K2O为9∶9∶10,有机质≥70%,中、微量元素≥12%)和施用普通尿素两个处理。烟草为工厂化无毒育秧苗,叶龄(叶龄从叶片长约2 cm时算起)15天、30天、45天、60天和75天取样或测定自上而下第6~8片叶。用Li-6400(美国)便携式光合仪测定烟叶的净光合速率,蒸腾作用与气孔导度。使用M系列调制叶绿素荧光成像系统Maxi-Imaging-PAM(德国)测定叶绿素荧光参数。用C-7000透射电子显微镜观测叶绿体超微结构并拍照,用软件Auto CAD 2004计算淀粉颗粒在叶绿体中所占的相对面积比Ra,叶绿体基粒片层的统计方法据Goodenough等改进的Teichler-Zallen法。【结果】有机肥对烟叶叶绿素含量及光合速率的影响显著,在叶龄60天时,其叶绿素含量比普通化肥高136.1%;在叶龄75天时,其烟叶净光合速率、气孔导度及蒸腾速率分别比普通化肥处理高135.3%、84.5%和51.3%,叶绿素荧光参数Y[Ⅱ]和q L分别比普通化肥处理高22.2%和39.5%,Fv/Fm在叶龄60天时比普通化肥处理高18.7%,而NPQ值在叶龄45天时普通化肥比有机肥处理高23.3%。叶绿体内孕育的淀粉粒随叶龄的增加而逐渐膨大,期间伴随着淀粉粒在叶绿体中所占的面积比例(Ra值)越来越大,两处理Ra值差异明显,尤其是在叶龄45天时,化肥栽培下的烟叶Ra值比有机肥栽培高31.8%。有机肥处理的叶绿体呈梭形,长宽比大,而普通化肥种植的叶绿体形态近圆形,长宽比小。【结论】施用有机肥可显著提高烟叶叶绿素含量及光合速率,且随叶龄的增加,有机肥的作用效果日趋明显。叶绿素荧光参数的差异表明,增施生物有机肥可延缓烟株衰老、提高烟叶光能利用效率。两种施肥方式下,淀粉颗粒Ra值的差异不能说明施用化肥可提高烟叶合成淀粉的能力。与普通化肥处理下的烟叶相比,有机肥可显著提高叶绿体基粒垛叠数大于10的片层占基粒垛叠片层总数的百分比。     

Effect of nitrogen supply on leaf traits related to photosynthesis during grain filling in two maize genotypes with different N efficiency

In the present study, plant traits related to the photosynthetic capacity at the whole plant level were compared during grain filling in two maize genotypes with different nitrogen (N) efficiency. The plants were grown in a greenhouse in large root containers and supplied either with suboptimal or optimal rates of N fertilizer. Suboptimal N supply reduced total plant biomass at maturity (47 days (d) after flowering) by 29 % for the efficient genotype and by 36 % for the inefficient genotype. Suboptimal N supply reduced leaf growth of both genotypes. The reduction of leaf area was less severe in the N‐efficient genotype, despite of lower N content in the leaves. This indicates lower sensitivity of leaf growth towards internal N limitation in the efficient genotype. At low N supply, the green leaf area per plant gradually decreased after flowering in both genotypes, because of loss of chlorophyll during leaf senescence. The rate of net photosynthesis per unit leaf area (A) was reduced at low in comparison with high N supply. The ratio of A/leaf N content or leaf chlorophyll content was higher in the efficient genotype, indicating more efficient utilization of internal N for photosynthesis. At the end of grain filling, low N supply led to enhanced intercelluar CO₂ concentrations (Ci) in the leaves, indicating limitation of CO₂ assimilation by carboxylation rather than by stomatal resistance. The N deficiency‐induced increase of Ci was less pronounced in the efficient genotype. Furthermore, higher photosynthetic rate of the efficient genotype at suboptimal N supply was associated with lower contents of reducing sugars and sucrose in the leaves, whereas starch content was higher than in the inefficient genotype. The ability to avoid excessive sugar accumulation in the leaves under N deficiency might be related to higher photosynthetic N efficiency.     

Effects of different mulching practices on the photosynthetic characteristics of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in a greenhouse in Northwest China

Mulching is considered a desirable management technology for improving and stabilizing agricultural crop production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different mulching practices on hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) performance in terms of leaf photosynthetic capacity, photosynthetic light response (PLR) curves, and growth parameters, under greenhouse conditions. Consequently, field experiments were conducted during the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons in Northwest China using four types of mulching practices (without mulch; wheat straw mulch; plastic film mulch; and combined mulch with plastic film and wheat straw). The results showed that mulching increased the leaf net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance to water vapor, intercellular CO₂ concentration, water-use efficiency, and transpiration rate. Mulching significantly affected the PLR curves, and important parameters (such as the apparent quantum yield, maximum net photosynthetic rate, light compensation point, and light saturation point) were all improved under combined mulching conditions when compared with other mulching practices. Therefore, it is inferred that hot pepper leaf photosynthetic capacity and light-use efficiency were significantly improved under combined mulching, and thereby the combined mulching is recommended for hot pepper cultivation in greenhouses due to working well to facilitate soil condition (moisture and temperature), plant growth, and marketable photosynthetic characteristics.     

遮荫对水稻冠层叶片SPAD值及光合、 形态特性参数的影响

SPAD（soil-plant analysis and development）计是一种快速、 方便、 非破坏性的诊断植物叶片相对叶绿素或氮含量的仪器,与传统的氮营养诊断方法相比,此仪器节省时间、 劳力和资源。本试验通过未遮荫和遮荫的方法观察水稻冠层叶片SPAD值、 叶绿素含量、 叶绿素荧光、 光合参数、 叶片厚度和比叶重（叶片干重除以叶片的面积）等生理形态指标的变化,建立SPAD值与光系统II（PSII）最大量子产量（Fv/Fm）之间的回归关系。结果表明,遮荫条件下,甬优9号(YY9)和丙9363(B9363)冠层叶片变薄、 SPAD值、 叶绿素a/b、 比叶重、 电子传递速率（ETR）降低,但快速光曲线的初始斜率无明显变化; 同时, 遮荫导致了叶片的呼吸速率、 最大净光合(Pmax)、 量子效率、 光补偿点和饱和点降低,表明水稻叶片为适应弱光环境, 降低光合能力、 减少呼吸消耗, 以增加对有限光能的利用。不同光照条件下,水稻冠层叶片SPAD值与PSII的Fv/Fm的回归方程呈指数式关系（YY9 R2=0.896; B9363 R2=0.833）, 表明SPAD计可以快速、 无损、 有效地评估水稻冠层叶片的光合作用进程,当SPAD值小于35时,其光合过程可能处于受损状态。     

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Pinus densiflora: Inhibition of Net Photosynthesis by the Pheophytization of Chlorophyll

This research addressed the effects of simulated acid rain on the chlorophyll contents of leaves of Pinus densiflora, on the net photosynthetic rate on a unit chlorophyll basis, and on chlorophyll degradation. When NO₃- concentrations in rain water increased, the chlorophyll_a+b contents of the leaves increased in parallel, even though the pH of the simulated rain decreased. The nitrogen content of the rain was sufficient to stimulate the production of chlorophyll and was able to override any degradative effect expected due to the H⁺ input from acid rain. The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll extracted from the leaves exposed to acid rain showed peaks at 665, 606 and 535 nm, characteristic of pheophytin a, indicating degradation of chlorophyll to pheophytin. Net photosynthetic rate on the basis of chlorophyll content was reduced by acid rain, even though the total chlorophyll content of the leaves was increased. The acid rain does, therefore, simultaneously increase chlorophyll content and reduce the efficiency of the use of chlorophyll in photosynthesis. This reduced efficiency may be linked to the increase in the rate of degradation of chlorophyll to pheophytin.     

镉胁迫对玉米光合特性的影响

在模拟光条件下,通过盆栽试验研究了外源镉胁迫对盆栽玉米光合特性的影响。结果表明,高浓度镉（100 mg·kg^-1）胁迫下玉米叶片叶绿素a、b及总叶绿素c含量明显减少,分别比对照CK下降了65.32%、54.95%、62.57%。镉浓度1、5、15、50 mg·kg^-1处理下叶片的叶绿素含量下降得少,Cha/Chb的比值降低较少。镉浓度15、50、100 mg·kg^-1胁迫下导致玉米叶片光合速率下降,光补偿点提高,光饱和点和表观量子效率降低,暗呼吸速率升高,较低浓度镉胁迫（1、5 mg·kg^-1）则提高光补偿点、光饱和点和表观量子效率,降低暗呼吸速率。     

不同肥料对生姜产量及叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

为探讨生物有机肥对生姜的增产效果,以‘莱芜大姜’为试材,研究了不同肥料配比对生姜生长及叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明,增施生物有机肥可显著提高生姜叶片色素含量及净光合速率,促进生姜生长,且随生长的进行,生物有机肥的作用效果日趋明显。生姜旺盛生长期(9月22日),生物有机肥处理的生姜叶片叶绿素含量分别比普通有机肥及化肥处理高5.5%和13.1%;叶片净光合速率分别高8.2%和17.8%。尽管各处理生姜叶片的光化学效率在午间高温强光下均降低,但生物有机肥处理的生姜叶片原初光能转换效率（Fv/Fm）、光合电子传递量子效率（φPSⅡ）和光化学猝灭系数（qP）较高,而非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）较低,表明增施生物有机肥可提高生姜叶片光能利用效率。生物有机肥处理的生姜产量分别比普通有机肥及化肥处理高9%和24%左右。     

两种不同基因型玉米苞叶叶绿素荧光特性差异分析

在大田条件下,以郑单958和农大364玉米为研究材料,测定了苞叶的叶绿素含量,并对叶绿素荧光动力学及光合参数进行了比较分析。结果表明,两种不同基因型间玉米苞叶总叶绿素含量、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量存在差异。抽丝-灌浆期,郑单958显著高于农大364,说明此时郑单958苞叶的叶绿素更有利于获取更多的光能为光合作用所利用,但农大364苞叶的叶绿素降低速率要低于郑单958,这样有利于其保持更持久的光合能力。两种不同基因型间玉米苞叶叶绿素荧光参数(Fo、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo等)存在较大差异。郑单958高于农大364,说明郑单958具有潜在高生物产量的生理生化基础。两种不同基因型间玉米苞叶净光合速率(Pn)和水分利用效率(WUE)存在显著差异。抽丝-灌浆期,虽然郑单958的苞叶叶绿素含量高于农大364,但净光合效率较低,说明玉米的净光合速率是其生理生态因素对环境变化适应的结果。     

Growth stage-based response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to kinetin under water-deficit environment: pigments and gas exchange attributes

Plant growth regulator, kinetin, is known to modulate the key physiological processes under abiotic stresses in different crops. However, kinetin-mediated response at different growth stages of crop plants is lagging behind. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to appraise the potential role of exogenously applied kinetin in alleviating the effects of water scarcity on wheat. Three levels of kinetin (0, 75, and 150 mg/L) were used either as seed treatment or foliar spray at the vegetative or the post-anthesis stage. Water deficit markedly reduced shoot fresh mass, plant chlorophyll level, flag leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate. Degradation of chlorophyll a was greater in plants subjected to post-anthesis water-deficit conditions. However, plants growing under continuous water-deficit conditions had significantly lower concentration of chlorophyll b than those treated with water scarcity at the post-anthesis stage or receiving normal irrigation. Inhibited photosynthesis of wheat in response to post-anthesis water-deficit conditions was largely due to non-stomatal factors. In contrast, stomatal factors were the main constraints for photosynthesis in plants growing under continuous scarcity of water. Plants subjected to continuous water starvation had markedly lower grain yield than those subjected to water-deficit conditions at post-anthesis stage. Application of kinetin before seed sowing or at the post-anthesis stage significantly reduced the negative effects of drought on flag leaf chlorophyll and stomatal conductance. Lower level of kinetin (75 mg/L) was found to be more effective in mitigating the inhibitory effects of water shortage on photosynthesis and growth, and improved grain yield under water scarcity.     

氮素营养调控小麦旗叶衰老和光合功能衰退的生理机制

研究表明,氮素营养提高了旗叶老化过程中的叶绿素含量和光合速率,延缓了叶片衰老和光合功能衰退,增加了旗叶内细胞分裂素类物质（ZRs）含量,减少了促表激素ABA的累积量。氮素处理使旗叶老化过程中光合机构的RuBPcase活性和PS1、PS2活性均得以增加,但氮素对RuBPcase活性下降的延缓效果更为明显,相对增加了叶片老化过程中RuBPcase活性与PS1和PS2活性的比值,使光合机构光反应与暗反应之间的平衡状况得到改善,过剩还原力减少。此外,氮素营养使旗叶老化过程中超氧阴离子（O2-）的产生速率降低,H2O2的累积量减少,并提高细胞中活性氧清除酶SOD和CAT的活性。氮素营养可能主要通过调节细胞内的激素平衡,以及改善光合机构的自身运转平衡状况,减少了细胞中对生物体具有强烈伤害的活性氧的产生速率及其累积数量、提高了活性氧清除酶的活力,由此在很大程度上延缓了旗叶的衰老和光合功能衰退,延长了旗叶的光合功能期。     

缺硼对绿豆叶片光合特性和碳水化合物含量的影响

本试验以绿豆为指示植物,采用溶液培养法研究了缺硼对叶片光合功能和碳水化合物含量的影响,以明确缺硼是否影响光合作用进而影响作物生长。在绿豆第二片真叶出现后的第二天,一半植株供给 50 mol/L 硼（高硼）,另一半植株供给0.2 mol/L 硼（低硼）,在叶片生长过程中动态监测叶绿素含量、 气体交换和碳水化合物含量。结果表明,缺硼对叶片叶绿素含量没有影响,缺硼降低了光合速率（Pn）和气孔导度（Gs）,但对胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）没有影响; 缺硼提高了气孔限制率（Ls）。虽缺硼降低了Pn,但提高了叶片中可溶性糖,特别是葡萄糖和淀粉的含量。本研究结果表明缺硼对植物生长的影响并非是由于碳水化合物缺乏的缘故,而是因降低库活力导致了Pn的降低。