郝堂生态清洁小流域建设的探索与实践

信阳市郝堂小流域在生态清洁小流域建设中,始终坚持惠民工程、健民工程和富民工程的建设理念,在具体实践中坚持科学规划,找准功能定位,紧密结合美丽乡村建设,筑牢三道防线,强化面源污染防治和垃圾、污水无害化处理,形成了完善的防控体系,取得了流域总体景观优美、自然和谐、卫生清洁、人居舒适的良好效果,显著促进了宜居和美丽乡村建设。流域内水土流失综合治理程度达到92%,林草覆盖率提高到85%,林草面积占宜林宜草面积的98%,土壤侵蚀量减少75%;面源污染得到有效控制,村庄内生活垃圾无害化处理率达85%,生活污水处理率达88%,小流域出口水质逐步净化,已达到三类水质以上标准。2013年,郝堂村被住建部授予全国第一批"美丽宜居村庄"称号,2014年,郝堂生态清洁小流域治理工程被水利部评定为"国家水土保持生态文明清洁小流域建设工程"。     

发展乡村旅游对川西地区实现乡村振兴的作用探讨

十九大首次提出乡村振兴战略"二十字"方针,要求以"产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕"为目标,立足于乡村的经济产业、生态环境、文化等资源,注重发挥乡村的自主能动性,激发乡村发展的活力,建立有效的可持续发展的内生增长机制。而发展乡村旅游能有效提高乡村地区的内生动力和发展能力,助力农村高质量脱贫,助推农民致富增收,对实现乡村振兴战略具有重要作用。     

生态清洁小流域建设助力济宁市美丽乡村创建成效显著

山东省济宁市各地在美丽乡村创建过程中,将生态清洁小流域建设与美丽乡村创建有机结合,因地制宜,积极推进生态清洁小流域建设,使水土资源得到有效保护和高效利用,山、水、林、田、路、村得到综合治理,助推了新农村富而美、处处美、时时美、净而美建设,打造了一大批各具特色,宜业、宜居、宜游的美丽乡村。     

石泉县生态清洁小流域建设实践与发展对策

生态清洁小流域建设是有效控制水土流失、保护水质和流域内生态系统良性循环的重要举措。近几年来,陕西省石泉县在生态清洁小流域建设过程中采取围绕水源保护突出溯源治污,注重系统发力做好过程防控,深化治理内涵强化和谐发展,积极创新探索破解运管短板等措施,累计治理点、面源污染面积约25 km2,为"十三五"末建成宜居、宜游、宜业"三宜石泉"提供了有力支撑,但还存在生态清洁治理投资资金短缺、生活污水处理设施推广利用难、流域生态指标监测不足等问题。针对这些问题进行分析并提出建议,对探索生态清洁小流域水土保持和农业面源污染治理的新模式具有重要意义,对推动汉江流域生态清洁小流域建设具有重要借鉴作用。     

实施生态清洁流域治理 全力打造永康绿水青山

永康市开展水土保持生态清洁型小流域建设取得了显著成效,成功经验包括:一是科学规划,绘就生态清洁型小流域建设蓝图;二是因地制宜,通过水源保护、村庄建设、河道水环境治理和农村人居环境建设,全面展开生态清洁型小流域建设;三是多管齐下,通过充实领导力量、加大投入保障、建立长效机制,统筹做好生态清洁型小流域工程建设。     

水土保持助力上犹美丽乡村建设

<正>SHUITU BAOCHI ZHULI SHANGYOU MEILI XIANGCUN JIANSHE江西省上犹县不断推进以生态修复、水土资源保护、防治面源污染和生活污水、垃圾处理为主要内容的生态清洁型小流域建设,全力改善村容村貌和人居环境。一是实施"三清洁"工程。通过开展清洁家园、清洁田园、清洁水源活动,建设洁净有序、和谐宜居的美丽乡村。二是实施"森林添彩"工程。在中轻度水土流失山地、     

基于功能的江西省生态清洁小流域分类研究

在提出生态清洁小流域概念的基础上,根据生态清洁小流域的功能定位和建设目标的差异,明确了江西省生态清洁小流域分类的基本原则,并分别以水源地保护、水土流失治理、人居环境改善、自然景观提升等为主要影响因素,提出了生态清洁小流域三步分类法。据此将生态清洁小流域分为水源保护型、生态农业型、宜居环境型、休闲旅游型等4个类型,并应用三步分类法对江西省完成的11条生态清洁小流域进行了分类,为江西省及南方红壤区生态清洁小流域的分类和建设提供了理论依据和实用方法。     

吴家水泉沟清洁型小流域的综合治理实践

探索城区周围生态清洁型小流域水土保持综合治理措施,有助于推动城区清洁水源体系、生态屏障体系、森林休闲体系和生态景观体系建设。泾川县在吴家水泉沟进行的生态清洁型小流域综合治理实践,摸索出了城区周围生态清洁型小流域综合治理的有效措施,对城区周围相应小流域的综合治理具有很好的借鉴和指导作用。     

渑池县石门沟小流域水土流失持续治理成效及启示

几十年来,河南省渑池县石门沟小流域以水土流失持续治理为主导,以振兴小流域经济为目标,通过传统果品种植加工、石坎梯田修建、生态清洁小流域建设等重点项目的实施,逐步走上了"以绿色农业为基础、特色产业为支柱、乡村旅游业为导向"的小康之路,获得了小流域治理与群众脱贫致富同步,生态效益、经济效益、社会效益全面提高的良好成效,以丰硕的治理成果践行了习近平总书记绿水青山就是金山银山的绿色发展理念,成为豫西土石山区小流域治理的典范,其经验值得类似地区借鉴。     

承德市密云水库上游生态清洁小流域建设探讨

承德市密云水库上游是首都北京重要水源涵养区和生态屏障,随着社会经济的发展,区域内农村生产生活方式发生了较大的变化,农村污染呈加剧之势,开展承德市密云水库上游生态清洁小流域建设急迫而必要。其建设思路是:树立流域水资源可持续利用、水资源优化配置理念,在做好"生态、清洁"的同时突出小流域"节水、输水"功能,即建设输水型生态清洁小流域;在投资保障的前提下,注重农村产业调整和土地规模化、集约化经营,严控除草剂使用,减少化肥农药施用量;在推进实施上可直接引用北京模式,先行开展与北京接壤河流及潮河下游区的生态清洁小流域建设,通过试点探索中上游生态清洁小流域治理模式。     

Assessment of the effect of the climatic parameters on the distribution of the Al-Fe-humus horizons in the soils of the Russian planes

A comparative-ecological approach for studying the general regularities of soil ecology on the basis of geoinformation systems is suggested. It has been applied to analyze the distribution of Al-Fe-humus horizons. The quantitative climatic parameters of soils with Al-Fe-humus horizons have been estimated, and the relationships between them have been established. The applicability of this approach for assessing the general regularities of soil ecology is shown.     

下一代Internet发展综述——下一代Internet的产生和发展

本文论述了IPV6产生的社会原因,阐述了国外发达国家下一代Internet的发展状况和中国下一代Internet的发展状况及最新进展。     

Measuring the costs of improving the quality of the environment in the United States

The analysis in this paper is directed at comparing the relative effectiveness of meeting the objectives outlined in the recently passed Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 through taxation and through regulation. The analytical vehicle used in the analysis consists of a computable general equilibrium model composed of 12 producing sectors, 13 consuming sectors, 6 household categories classified by income, a foreign sector and a government. We find first that, irrespective of what type of strategy is followed, both output and consumption decline. Hence, there is an identifiable and quantifiable tradeoff between economic activity (economic growth) and the quality of the environment. Beyond this, the aggregate loss in production and economic welfare (measured by consumption expenditures and utility) is less under a policy which stresses reliance on alternative fuels than through one that requires the installation of pollution abatement devices.     

优化书库环境加强图书保护

通过分析损害图书的各种自然因素,阐明优化书库环境、加强图书保护的重要性。     

影响多媒体课件教学效果的因素分析

随着多媒体技术的发展,多媒体技术对教育改革起了很大的推进作用。本文通过在学生中对多媒体课件教学效果的调查,从多媒体教学课件在教学中的作用和地位、制作的过程以及使用者的出发点等方面,对影响到多媒体教学效果的因素进行了分析并提出了自己的解决方法。     

跟踪学科前沿，引导学科发展——《农业工程学报》的发展探索

论述了《农业工程学报》跟踪农业工程学科发展的成功经验，详细分析了未来《农业工程学报》跟踪学科各个专业的报道方向。指出随着学科的发展及时调整学术期刊的报道方向是科技学术期刊的任务和职责，是使期刊保证及时反映相关学科的发展，保持在学科发展中应有的促进作用，在众多期刊的竞争中立于不败之地的保证。在充分分析中国学术期刊面临的形势和问题、机遇与挑战的基础上，提出了学术期刊如何规避不利因素等应对策略，为中国科技学术期刊的发展提供参考。     

定位拟南芥中生物钟核心调控元件

生物钟在动物植物生理调节中都发挥着重要的作用,但是目前对于其调节机制的了解仍然十分有限。在植物中存在白昼和夜晚的振荡器,这些振荡器包含了拟南芥中已经发现的一些相关的生物钟基因。目前的模型认为白昼振荡器相关基因     

Spatial variability of the soil properties of the uneven-aged pine forest stands of the landscape garden of the Arkhangelsk Estate

The objects of the study are lime-pine and pine-lime park communities of different age at the Arkhangelsk Estate situated near Moscow. In this research, we study spatial variability of the soil properties depending on the type of studied soil cover parcels and with regard to areas under the crowns and near the trunks. The article shows the influence of the grass cover parcel structure on the properties of the soil. The humidity, the content of carbon and nitrogen, and basal and substrate-induced soil respiration are higher in the 120-year-old pine forest stand than in the 80-year-old one. This is explained by the fact that with the increasing age of the pine phytocenoses, we can observe an increase in diversity of species composition, complication of volumetric-spatial structure due to the overgrowth of undergrowth and understory, changes in the volume of the crown, and dying out of old trees.     

Peculiar properties of the composition of the organic matter of the original forest Phaeozems soils of the northeast of Kostroma oblast

The composition of the organic matter of the forest Phaeozem soil of Kostroma oblast, which is unusual in its genesis, was investigated by the method of physical fractionation. The Phaeozems were formed in an automorphic position on loamy sediments of Triasic age. The carbon distribution in fractions of organic substance (OS) is the evidence of the hydromorphic nature of the OS origin. A hypothesis about the cause of the formation of the modern organic profile of the soil during evolution is discussed.     

Use of the enantiomeric composition for the assessment of the authenticity of fruit beverages

Enantiomeric compositions of chiral terpenes in commercial fruit beverages were examined by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography (SPME-GC). Optimization of the method was accomplished on the basis of some parameters involved in the extraction, such as heating temperature and extraction time, that provided the highest peak areas, 60 degrees C and 2 min being the optimal values. With the proposed method relative standard deviation (RSD) values from three replicates ranging from 2 to 12% were obtained. The enantiomeric distribution of some terpenes remained constant, whereas other terpenes (linalool, terpinen-4-ol, and alpha-terpineol) exhibited a considerable variation among samples. This can be indicative of the eventual addition of aromas to some fruit beverages.