山地夏季人工草场山羊放牧适口性研究

在福州北峰的夏季人工草场,通过划区轮牧试验对山羊的适口性进行了研究.试验结果表明,在对杂交狼尾草、甘薯、百喜草等7种牧草进行的适口性评价,甘薯对山羊的适口性最好,表现为嗜食;对杂交狼尾草表现为喜食;羽叶决明、南非马唐、俯仰马唐对山羊的适口性较差.同样,山羊对百喜草、印度豇豆等牧草的不同生育期,其适口性系数也发生变化.     

福州山地山羊分区轮牧的效果研究

在福建福州北峰进行山地人工草场的建设及山羊分区轮牧的研究.结果表明,人工种植牧草的供草周期为40～45d.夏季有四种适口性好、产量最高的主栽牧草(杂交狼尾草、甘薯、印度豇豆和百喜草),平均hm2可利用草量113380.2kg,冬季黑麦草为59840.0kg.经过调节,每hm2山地人工草场山羊的载畜量可以达到60～75只.本文还对人工草场建立和山羊分区轮牧对山地生态环境的保护作用进行了分析.     

福州山地山羊分区轮牧的效果研究

在福建福州北峰进行山地人工草场的建设及山羊分区轮牧的研究。结果表明，人工种植牧草的供草周期为40～45do夏季有四种适口性好、产量最高的主栽牧草(杂交狼尾草、甘薯、印度豇豆和百喜草)，平均hm^2可利用草量113380．2kg，冬季黑麦草为59840．0kg。经过调节，每hm^2山地人工草场山羊的载畜量可以达到60～75只。本文还对人工草场建立和山羊分区轮牧对山地生态环境的保护作用进行了分析。     

草鱼、鳊对南方几种牧草的适口性评价研究

研究了草鱼、鳊对南方山区主要高产优质牧草的最大摄食率及适口性,试验表明:冷季牧草品种中,草鱼对营养期黑麦草、鸡脚草的摄食率分别是74.03%、70.09%,显著高于紫花苜蓿,说明营养期黑麦草、鸡脚草的适口性明显好于紫花苜蓿.草鱼对暖季牧草甘薯叶、杂交狼尾草的摄食率最高,分别是61.98%、56.15%,与狗尾草33.76%差异显著,其他多数品种介于这二者之间.鳊对百喜草、杂交狼尾草和印度豇豆的摄食率最高,分别是61.13%、59.97%、61.68%,显著高于其他品种.试验期间草鱼、鳊都拒食串叶松香草.木质素、单宁物质等抗营养物质是影响草食性鱼类适口性的重要因素.鳊的适口性与草鱼有所区别,对于细茎或藤蔓较有韧性的牧草的摄食能力不如草鱼.     

杂交狼尾草对獭兔饲喂效果的研究

自1981年江苏省农科院从美国引进杂交狼尾草后,该草在苏南农区被广泛栽种,用作奶牛、鱼及其他食草畜禽的青饲料。在种植杂交狼尾草养奶牛的模式中,每头牛每年平均节省精料300～500kg;在种草养鱼的模式中,杂交狼尾草的粗蛋白消化率及饵料系数分别为82.71％和23.5％,优于苏丹草,近似于豆科牧草红三叶。种植杂交狼尾草饲养肉兔,其适口性、利用率、日增重均优于象草。但上述研究,杂交狼尾草都是青刈后直接利用,而有关其深加工后饲喂效果的试验报道甚少。本试验以杂交狼尾草为主要原料,参照獭兔标准化饲养配方生产全价颗粒并进行饲喂试验,与杂交苏丹草、鲁梅克斯及     

春播禾本科牧草品比试验

进行杂交苏丹草Sorghum sudanense,杂交狼尾草Pennisetum hybrid,美洲狼尾草Pennisetum americanum,饲用高粱Sorghum vulgare,墨西哥饲用玉米Euchlaena mexicana联5个春播禾本科牧草品种品比试验,结果表明:各品种均能适应试验地环境条件,试验期内未发生病虫害.其中以饲用高粱产草量最高,鲜草产量达到156 285kg/hm2,且草质好,适口性强,是继墨西哥饲用玉米后值得推广的优选品种.杂交狼尾草、美洲狼尾草不宜作高产栽培品种.试验为象山县丰富春播牧草栽培品种、推广常年牧草轮作模式、提高牧草生产效益提供了依据.     

几种适合养鹅的高产优质牧草

当前农业结构调整形势下，部分地区选择了投入少、产出多、见效快的种草养鹅模式。如何解决鹅青饲料的供应是急需解决的问题。根据鹅的食草习性以及周年供草的需要，可以选择杂交狼尾草、苦荬菜和多花黑麦草进行搭配种植。另外在有富余田地的情况下，还可以种一些多年生的白三叶、菊苣等多汁类牧草。１杂交狼尾草杂交狼尾草是美洲狼尾草和象草的杂交种。它较好的综合了父本象草高产，母本美洲狼尾草品质好的特点，是一种高产优质、喜温耐热、适合饲喂鹅等草食畜禽的优质青饲料作物。多年实践表明，杂交狼尾草产量高、适口性好，可较好地解决…     

五种高禾草在闽北地区生产性状和营养品质的比较

2年试验结果表明,象草、南牧一号、杂交狼尾草、墨西哥类玉米、青贮玉米5种高禾草新植的当年鲜草每亩产量分别为13800、12963、12030、10911、7170kg,第二年的产量每亩分别为14848、14108、13280、10999、6850kg。叶茎比分别为南牧一号1:1.50、杂交狼尾草1:2.33、墨西哥类玉米1:2.39、象草1:2.63、青贮玉米1:3.35。5种牧草的营养品质和适口性依次为南牧一号、墨西哥类玉米、青贮玉米、杂交狼尾草、象草。5种牧草皆适宜在闽北栽培,其多年生的象草、南牧一号、杂交狼尾草皆能在保护措施下安全越冬。     

杂交狼尾草是优良饲料

杂交狼尾草,是由从美国引进的美洲狼尾草和象草经杂交后培育而成的。属禾本科牧草。具有产量高、营养全、适口性好、适应性强等特点,是草食家畜及禽、鱼的优良饲料,超过目前任何野生杂草和其它牧草。根据江苏省盐城市一些地方引种杂交狼尾草三年多来的实践,杂交狼尾草喜欢温暖湿润的气候。在通常情况下,日平均气温在15℃以上开始生长,25℃——30℃时生长最快,5℃以下时会被冻死。种植杂交狼尾草来喂养草食家畜和禽、鱼,优点很多:     

杂交狼尾草引种试验初报

试验对杂交狼尾草的生长特性及生产性能进行了观察和测定。结果表明:杂交狼尾草适应桂南气候条件,长势良好,产草量高达8 908.9?/亩,茎叶比为1.73∶1。粗蛋白为10.95%,粗纤维仅为26.28%,适口性好。作为优质牧草在广西推广种植利用,其潜力较大。     

Scrapie in goats in Cyprus

Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.