有效微生物群对雨豆树发芽率和苗木生长的影响

雨豆树的苗木种植在容器袋的沙和牛粪的混合质上(3:1)。在播种前后一周施用不同浓度(0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%)的有效微生物群(Effective Microorganisms )液。测定发芽和苗木自然生长参数(包括:茎根长度,活力指数,直径,叶子数量,茎根的鲜重和干重,总的生物量增长量)。估计生化参数如叶绿素 a, 叶绿素 b,类胡罗卜素,并观测了受有效微生物群影响的生节情况。与对照相比, 经不同浓度有效微生物群液处理的雨豆树,发芽率和苗木自然生长参数都明显增加。施用 2%有效微生物群液的苗木生长率最大,其次是施用 1%有效微生物群液的苗木。1%有效微生物群液的生节率最高,并随浓度的增加而下降。尽管经有效微生物群液处理的苗木叶中色素比对照高,但叶绿素 a, 叶绿素 b,类胡罗卜素并不明显高于对照。随着有效微生物群液浓度的增加,苗木生长表现出不同的效果,大部分参数在中等浓度范围最高。研究表明,有效微生物群技术有助与提高苗圃中苗木的生长,有益微生物与容器袋土壤相结合有助于改善退化的或贫瘠的土壤,有利于初移植苗木的营养和水分吸收。表 4 参 17。     

种子不同保存方法及播种时间对水紫树发芽和幼苗生长的影响

以田间调查数据为基本资料,对极耐湿的水紫树种子进行沙藏和冷藏保存,分别于3月17日、4月1日播种,对其播种苗的发芽、幼苗生长进行统计分析。结果表明：冷藏保存的种子发芽慢,持续时间长,而沙藏保存的种子发芽相对较快,持续时间短,苗齐较冷藏处理早21 d。沙藏保存种子的幼苗高、地径的全年平均累计生长量极显著大于冷藏处理。3月17日播种的幼苗高、地径的全年平均累计生长量极显著大于4月1日播种幼苗的生长量。     

不同处理对银杏种子发芽的影响

银杏种子育苗前需进行处理,为了掌握较好的处理方法和处理时间,提高银杏种子的发芽率,我们分别对３个银杏品种进行了沙藏和水浸试验,现报告如下。１试验材料与处理参试种子为成龄树当年的种子,品种为长子银杏类的金坠子,５５粒／千克,马铃银杏类的大马铃,８０粒／...     

不同温度对高羊茅种子发芽的影响

高羊茅种子在不同温度下的发芽实验结果表明：高羊茅最适宜播种的温度为20—25℃，温度高至30℃，发芽率显著下降，不宜播种；温度低至10℃，平均发芽速度显著减小，发芽率有所下降。     

硫酸和盐酸对杜鹃花种子发芽特性的影响

采用完全随机的试验设计,HCL和H2SO4两种低浓度强酸性化学药剂以不同浓度处理马缨杜鹃、露珠杜鹃和迷人杜鹃种子,进行种子发芽试验研究。结果表明,1.不同处理间未见统计差异;2.总体上HCL处理的发芽率（势）高于H2SO4;3.清水处理的发芽率高于化学处理;4.三个品种的杜鹃花种子的始芽时间、发芽高峰时间和发芽结束时间分别为培养后的第9-13 d,第15-19d和第20-26d分别早于用自来水浸种的种子。     

播种时间和处理方法对柚木种子萌发的影响

于2013年3—6月,每月分别采用石灰浆、赤霉素、清水处理柚木种子,进行播种时间和处理方法两因素交叉分组试验,结果表明,4—5月是柚木最佳播种时间;柚木种子不经过处理直接播种发芽率比较高,其他处理都不能提高发芽率;在3月播种,浸泡清水3 d后再用赤霉素50 mg·L-1浸泡20 h能显著加快种子萌发速度;3月和4月播种,采用赤霉素50~200 mg·L-1处理种子能显著促进苗高生长,当赤霉素质量浓度达到200 mg·L-1时将显著抑制叶宽生长。     

不同预处理对酸枣种子发芽的影响

酸枣种子硬实率高达93.4%,自然条件下较难发芽出苗,进行一定处理可提高种子发芽率,有利于生产实践。本次试验对酸枣种子进行20 d和30 d层积催芽,60℃和35℃的温水浸种,浓硫酸浸种,4%NaOH浸种,29%H2O2浸种等预处理,测定不同的预处理方法对酸枣种子发芽的影响。结果表明：在发芽试验中,不同的预处理显著地提高了酸枣种子的发芽率,不同的预处理方法对种子发芽率的影响不同,低温层积30 d＋98%硫酸带壳浸泡30 min＋清水浸泡24 h＋60℃温水浸泡48 h可以使酸枣种子的发芽率达到最高。     

鄂西红豆古树、初果树种子不同水温处理发芽对比试验

以鄂西红豆古树和初果树种子为材料,采用不同温度热水分别对两批种子进行浸种处理,再在圃地上进行播种发芽试验。结果表明:古树批种子发芽率高低的顺序为始温90℃热水浸种24h始温80℃热水浸种24h始温70℃热水浸种24h始温60℃热水浸种24h;初果树批种子发芽率高低的顺序为始温80℃热水浸种24h始温70℃热水浸种24h始温90℃热水浸种24h始温60℃热水浸种24h。古树批种子用始温90℃热水浸种24h处理方法发芽率最高,达84%;初果树批种子用始温80℃热水浸种24h处理方法发芽率最高,达85%。相同方法处理的种子(除始温90℃热水浸种24h外),初果树批种子比古树批种子的发芽率高。用90℃高温热水浸种处理,会造成初果树种子烫伤,严重影响发芽率,而古树种子不受影响。     

土壤质地和种子成熟度对水翁种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响

文章研究了不同土壤质地、种子成熟度和果肉对水翁Syzygium nervosum种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响,结果表明:不同质地的土壤对水翁种子的最终发芽率影响不大,但对种子发芽的速度和幼苗的株高有显著影响,种子发芽速度为砂土壤土砂壤土,幼苗株高为砂土砂壤土壤土;种子的成熟度对种子的发芽率和幼苗的株高有显著影响,幼苗株高为成熟种子未成熟种子过熟种子;果肉对种子的发芽率和幼苗的株高影响不大,但对早期发芽的速度有影响。     

变温和冷藏处理对火炬松种子发芽和出苗的影响

浸种48小时的火炬松种子,在0℃～5℃冰箱内贮藏20天,可显著提高发芽率、发芽势和场圃出苗率。     

Effect of pre-sowing treatments on germination and initial seedling development of Albizia saman in the nursery

Albizia saman （Jacq.） F. Muell. commonly known as rain tree seeds were treated with five pre-sowing treatments to study the effect of pre-sowing treatments on germination and initial seedling development in the nursery.The experiment was established in the nursery of the Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences.University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Results revealed that Nail clipping in one side of the seed （at the distal end of the seed） （T4） provides the highest （50%） seed germination. The second highest germination （42%） was obtained for the seeds treated with immersion in cold water for 24 h （T1）. Germination was completely inhibited when the seeds immersed in boiled water for 30 s followed in cold water soaking for 24 h. Other germination parameter and initial morphological growth and biomass production of the seedlings was also higher for the treatments T4and Ti in comparison to the control （Ta）treatment. Pre-sowing treatments of T4 e.g. Nail clipping in one side of the seed （at the distal end of the seed） and T1 （Seeds immersed in cold water for 24 h） may be recommended for maximum germination and initial vigorous seedlings growth of Albizia sarnan in the nursery.     

污泥对苗圃生长的银合欢幼苗发芽和初期长势的影响

研究了不同类型的污泥(城市的、工业的和住宅污泥)对苗圃生长的银合欢幼苗田间萌发、生长和分枝的影响.播种前先将不同类型污泥的混合物与养分匮乏的自然林土壤混合.播种的3和6月后,记录幼苗大田发芽、分枝状况和其他物理生长参数(枝条或根长、活力指数、茎直径、叶片数、分枝或根鲜重和干重、总的生物量干重增长)等.与对照幼苗相比,混合污泥的土壤中生长的幼苗田间发芽、分枝状况及其他生长参数均发生了显著变化.与其它条件生长的幼苗相比,住宅污泥与土壤混合(1:1)条件生长的3月龄和6月龄幼苗分枝数和分枝鲜或干重均最高.就生长参数而言,住宅污泥与自然林土壤混合(1:1)生长的幼苗长势最好.研究表明:退化的土壤补偿以住宅污泥可促进银合欢的田间发芽、生长以及分枝的形成.图1表3参29.     

雨树在广州南沙地区的生长表现及应用前景

针对雨树在南沙地区的引种栽植及其6年中生长发育情况表现,对其在南沙的生长适应性进行了比较系统的研究。结果表明：广州因南沙每年出现低温寒潮,雨树在南沙地区的生长是以每年重发新枝的形式进行。每年春季的萌芽发生在前一年未受到伤害的枝条上,以此增加生长量;株形明显比新加坡当地种植的差,甚至成为长不大的苗木,很难体现雨树的“速生”特点,不能形成理想树冠。为此,雨树在广州地区引种、推广和应用,必须慎重。     

山楂种子发芽率试验及幼苗生长状况初报

对12种山楂种子分别用浓硫酸浸泡、干湿交替、浓硫酸结合干湿交替3种方法处理,进行促进山楂种壳开裂,提高种子发芽率的试验,观测1年生幼苗生长状况,结果表明辽宁山楂、彰武山楂、甘肃山楂,发芽率高、生长强健,可作为山里红苗木繁育的嫁接砧木。     

植物激素对杉木种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响

试验结果表明，植物激素对杉木种子发芽势，发芽率，田间出苗数，杉木幼苗生长及苗木出圃合格率均有显著影响。以赤霉素浓度２５×１０＾－６的溶液处理杉木种子的效果最佳。种子处理后宜稀播。     

Impacts of burial and insect infection on germination and seedling growth of acorns of Quercus variabilis

Rodents usually exert important role, through their scatter seed hoarding behavior, on plant regeneration in the field. To investigate the effects of burial and insects infection on germination and seedling growth of acorns of Quercus variabilis, perfect and infected acorns were buried in the soil among four depths, 0 cm, 4 cm, 8 cm and 12 cm, to simulate the seed hoarding behavior by rodents in the field. The results showed that (1) the germination rate were both high, under 4 cm burial depth, for perfect and infected acorns (92% and 53% separately), and decreased significantly with increased burial depth; (2) perfect acorns germinated better in 4 cm burial depth group by autumn of first year; (3) there 32% (perfect) and 26% (infected) acorns with 0 cm burial depth, on the soil surface, germinated successfully; for infected acorns, the 4 cm depth group had the best germination or seedling recruitment in both the first year and the second year; (4) acorns of Q. variabilis exhibited dormancy period ca 7 months; (5) burial, infection, and the interaction between these two factors influenced several aspects including stem height, leaf weight, Tannic acid, and biomass within seedling growth; (6) the results from this study suggest that proper burial would be helpful for the germination and seedling growth, and seedlings of shallow buried acorns had an advantage in their early development; and (7) infection by insects will not inevitably influence seedling early development.     

播种预处理对苦楝种子萌发的影响

在孟加拉Khulna大学森林和木材技术学科苗圃,调查了预处理的苦楝种子的萌发情况。成熟的苦楝种子采自国家植物园内的健康植株,对种子进行了5 种处理(对照,冷水浸泡,热水浸泡,砂纸破皮和浓硫酸浸泡)。结果表明,除了冷水浸泡外,其它播种预处理的种子萌发率显著高于对照种子。砂纸破皮处理的种子萌发率最高(80%),浓硫酸浸泡和热水浸泡的种子萌发率分别是74%和69%。苦楝种子在第8～11天开始萌发,萌发周期是20～21天。方差分析表明,预处理显著影响种子萌发率,但对萌发周期没有显著影响。推荐用热水浸泡处理种植在孟加拉农村的苦楝种子促进萌发。图2表2参30。     

含羞草叶子提取物对常见农作物种子萌发生长的抑制作用

观察了含羞草叶子提取物对孟加拉常见农作物种子萌发生长的抑制作用.实验在27-30℃的室温和24小时的光照条件下进行.结果表明：不同浓度的含羞草叶子提取物明显影响所选的植物种子根,茎和侧根的延长和生长.生物学测定表明：高浓度（50%-100%）的提取物有较强的抑制作用.而低浓度 （10%-25%） 的提取物的抑制作用较弱.研究还显示,提取物对植物根和侧根的抑制作用比对种子萌发和茎的生长抑制作用更显著.     

Effects of seed mass and emergence time on seedling performance in Castanopsis chinensis

Seed mass and emergence time may influence fitness of plants. The experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed mass and emergence time on the performance of seedlings of Castanopsis chinensis, a large evergreen tree species with limited tolerance of shade. The treatment consisted of three light regimes: 100%, 15% and 2% of full sunlight. Germination rate and germination time showed a significant correlation with seed mass. Germination rate differed among the three light regimes. Early-emerging large-seeded seedlings in 100% light produced the heaviest seedlings, while those resulting from smaller late-emerging seeds and grown under 2% light regime produced the lightest seedlings. Relative growth rate (RGR) decreased with seed mass in all three light regimes, and seedlings of C. chinensis have a higher RGR in high and intermediate light levels compared to low light. In contrast, the effect of emergence time on RGR was not significant. The growth of C. chinensis seedlings were significantly influenced by seed size, emergence time, and light conditions. For each month, the mean height of seedlings was significantly greatest for large-seeded seedlings and significantly lowest for small-seeded ones, irrespective of emergence time and light conditions. Regeneration success of C. chinensis appears to be regulated by the interactive effect of seed mass, emergence time and light regime.