水溶性替代农药对茶假眼小绿叶蝉的防效试验

针对水溶性农药存在的水浸出率高、农残超标严重等茶叶质量安全隐患,试验采用几种脂溶性农药防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉进行比较,旨在逐步替换当前使用防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉的水溶性农药,降低茶叶农残浸出率。结果表明,150 g/L凯恩防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉效果最好,与茶蝉净、联苯菊酯等其它药剂相比具有显著性差异、药效持久。     

两种植物源农药防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉药效试验初报

<正>茶假眼小绿叶蝉Empoasca vitis(Gothe)是福建省茶区首要害虫,以成、若虫刺吸茶梢汁液为害,受害的芽叶叶脉、叶缘变暗红色,形成"焦头、焦边",造成减产,严重影响茶叶产量和品质。常年发生面积480万亩次。目前生产中仍多采用吡虫啉、联苯菊酯等化学农药,导致假眼小绿叶蝉产生不同程度的抗药性。黎芦碱和苦参碱为植物源农药,具有无公害、广谱、不易产生抗药性等特点,适用于无公害茶叶产业发展的方向性产品。为探讨0.5%黎芦碱和1.5%苦参碱两种植物源农药对假眼茶小绿叶蝉的防治效果,为茶树害虫绿色     

苦参素防治茶尺蠖茶小绿叶蝉试验初报

茶小绿叶蝉是我省普遍发生的茶树主要害虫，茶尺蠖近年来在个别茶区也严重为害，茶园防治常用氯氰菊酯、杀灭菊酯等触杀性强的菊酯类化学农药。中垦牌苦参素植物保护剂，纯天然植物提取物，不含任何化学物质。为了探讨其对茶小绿叶蝉及茶尺蠖的防治效果，为茶园防治提供科学依据，进行了以下试验，现将试验结果报告如下。 1 试验材料与方法 1．1 供试药剂 中垦牌苦参素植物保护剂：北京中农欣绿业植物保护剂有限公司2001年产品；5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油：宜兴市宜州化学制品有限公司，2001年产品；20%杀灭菊酸乳油：江苏省激素研究所实验一厂2…     

安纳防治假眼小绿叶蝉田间药效试验

假眼小绿叶蝉是泰顺县茶区主要害虫之一，突出危害夏秋茶。受害茶树芽叶卷缩、硬化、叶尖和叶缘红褐枯焦，芽梢生长缓慢，对茶叶产量和质量有很大影响。为了进一步提高假眼茶小绿叶蝉的防治效果，选择高效、低毒的农药，是茶树假眼茶小绿叶蝉防治中必须解决的问题。2004年我们在产茶乡、镇、茶场以及茶叶专业户茶园，应用安纳进行对假眼小绿叶蝉防治试验。     

尤溪县台溪乡茶小绿叶蝉发生规律及防治技术探讨

茶假眼小绿叶蝉是尤溪茶叶生产的主要害虫之一。茶树受害后严重影响茶叶的产量与质量。本文将几年观察调查情况进行总结,以其指导生产上茶假眼小绿叶蝉的防治。     

10%联苯菊酯EC对茶假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果

为明确10%联苯菊酯EC(商品名:农望)对茶假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果,2006年9月,我们在华安县湖林乡进行了防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉田间药效试验,现将试验结果总结如下:     

假眼小绿叶蝉防治指标的研究

利用网罩法测定了假眼小绿叶蝉不同虫口密度对茶鲜叶产量及受害指数的影响。在此基础上,建立了不同虫口密度与茶鲜叶经济损失率线性回归方程。根据目前茶叶的生产情况,制定了绿茶和乌龙茶不同茶区、茶季、茶鲜叶价格水平下假眼小绿叶蝉相应的防治指标。     

胜邦防治假眼小绿叶蝉田间药效试验

0.25%胜邦是由山东胜利股份有限公司研制生产的一种植物源农药,其成分是从曼陀罗中提取的一种生物碱--莨菪烷碱.为明确胜邦对假眼小绿叶蝉的防治效果,受山东胜利股份有限公司委托,笔者在浙江省杭州市茶叶科学研究所茶园内进行了该药防治假眼小绿叶蝉的田间药效试验,现将试验结果总结如下.     

天霸对假眼小绿叶蝉的药效试验

假眼小绿叶蝉是茶树主要害虫之一。为筛选高效低毒防治假眼小绿叶蝉药剂 ,发展无公害茶叶 ,在浙江省遂昌县开展了天霸 ( Bt A)防治假眼小绿叶蝉药效试验 ,现将试验结果报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 .1　供试药剂天霸 ( Bt A)可湿性粉剂 (福建省绿十字生物工程联合发展中心生产、提供 )。1 .2　对照药剂1 0 %蚜虱净可湿性粉剂 (建湖农药厂生产、市售 )。1 .3　试验作物茶叶成龄投产梯形茶园 ,树龄 1 0年 ,品种为福云 6号。1 .4　试验对象　假眼小绿叶蝉。1 .5　试验设计及方法1 .5 .1　试验处理( 1 )天霸 ( Bt A)可湿性粉剂 30克 /亩 ;( 2 )…     

阿克泰、天王星等药剂对茶假眼小绿叶蝉的药效试验报告

从几种药剂茶园小区防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉试验结果看,2.5%天王星乳油1000倍液、25%阿克泰水分散粒剂12500倍液、70%艾美乐水分散粒剂15000倍液、10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂2500倍液、50%杀螟丹可溶性粉剂1000倍液和3%除尽悬浮剂1000倍液防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉防效良好,而0.5%苦参碱杀虫剂400倍液和3%除虫菊素水剂400倍液的防效虽不及以上化学农药好,但适用于茶叶绿色食品和有机茶园应用,若在常规茶园中应用最好与化学农药混用。为了避免抗药性的产生,以上药剂应轮换使用防治茶假眼小绿叶蝉。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。