长春市常绿阔叶树种引种试验

为丰富长春地区的造林绿化树种,收集了韩国杜鹃等8种常绿阔叶树种,并进行了引种试验,经驯化栽培,初步筛选出韩国杜鹃、朝鲜黄杨2个适宜长春地区种植的常绿阔叶树种。     

青岛市常绿阔叶树种及园林应用调查分析

从树种种类、观赏特点、配置方式、观赏效果及应用频度5个方面对青岛园林中常绿阔叶树种资源进行了实地调查。调查结果表明,有58种常绿阔叶树种属青岛原产或已引种成功,生长良好。系统分析了常绿阔叶树种在青岛园林中的应用现状,对常绿阔叶树种的选择、推广应用等方面提出了参考建议。     

青岛地区常绿阔叶树种资源及应用评价

结合林木种质资源调查结果和多年实际工作观察,系统分析了全市常绿阔叶树种资源现状及应用情况。青岛地区现有常绿阔叶树种107种(变种、变型)(含棕榈及竹类),隶属于26科48属,约占全市木本植物总数的14%.依据栽培应用范围、数量和频度等因素,将应用情况分为普遍应用、局部应用、单点应用和尚未开发应用四类,并进行了分析评价,提出了常绿阔叶树种引种和应用建议。     

常绿阔叶树种在石家庄园林景观中的应用

调查了石家庄园林中常绿阔叶树种类、越冬表现及园林应用形式,根据常绿阔叶树种的生态习性及越冬表现;讨论了石家庄引种一些常绿阔叶树的可行性及常绿阔叶树种在石家庄冬季园林景观中的作用。     

临沂市外来常绿阔叶树种抗寒性研究

采集10个外来常绿阔叶树(品)种当年生成熟枝条中部叶片为样本,进行人工冷冻处理,通过测定其叶绿素a、b含量、POD、SOD活性等指标,研究其抗寒机理。结果表明:随着温度降低,叶绿素a、b含量逐渐降低;-10℃时POD、SOD活性最大,生理曲线呈先高后低趋势。运用模糊隶属函数法进行抗寒性综合评定,抗寒能力由强到弱依次为龟甲冬青、广玉兰、金森女贞、红叶石楠红罗宾、日本女贞、大叶女贞、法国冬青、枇杷、香樟、日香桂。     

邯郸地区15种常绿阔叶树种抗寒性比较

以邯郸地区引种的15种主要常绿阔叶树种的叶片为试材,经过-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃、-25℃、-30℃冷冻处理,测定其在不同低温处理下的电导率,再利用Logistic方程计算各树种的半致死温度,以确定这些树种抗寒力的相对强弱.结果表明:各树种相对电导率均随温度降低而有不同程度的提高,上升趋势呈"S"型曲线.根据半致死温度确定的各树种抗寒力的相对强弱.与各树种在当地越冬状况基本一致.     

耐寒常绿阔叶树种杂交育种实践

本文作者的专业领域在树木分类和城市林业,长期坚持研究实践,直至获得对北方城市园林绿化有重要意义的阶段性成果。发表本文的积极意义在于,本研究的方向是建设美丽中国所急需。实地观测所研究树种的耐寒性,及其通过与丝棉木嫁接长成的耐寒阔叶乔木,一旦成片用于园林,将会创造北方冬季的城市美景。     

南京中山陵风景区常绿阔叶树种引进及风景林林相改造技术的研究

根据中山陵风景名胜区森林景观建设的需求和遭受松材线虫病危害，严重影响着森林景观的现状，在遭受松材线虫病危害的松林及杂阔林内应用“林下补阔技术”，引进了若槠、香樟、石楠、大叶女贞、木荷、海桐、乐昌含笑和深山含笑等常绿阔叶树种，进行常绿阔叶树与松树、常绿阔叶树与落叶阔叶树异龄复层混交，以形成较稳定的含常绿树种成分的复层混交森林群落，增加树种的多样性，丰富森林绿景，改善林相结构，进一步提高森林生态系统的稳定性和景观质量。并为风景林林相改造研究出了常绿阔叶树种深山含笑、乐晶含笑异地扩大繁殖播种育苗技术，为林相改造提供了造林新树种。     

99种栲属类常绿阔叶树种叶片功能性状研究

以南北样带栲属树种和常绿阔叶树种(包括栲属)为试验材料,测定了栲属树种的净光合速率、叶氮和磷含量、叶厚度、比叶重和常绿阔叶树种的比叶重、叶厚度、干物质含量。通过检验叶片功能性状指标之间相关关系得到,栲属植物的单位面积最大净光合速率与单位面积叶氮含量、比叶重彼此呈正相关,单位质量最大净光合速率与比叶重、叶厚度呈负相关,同时,无论是基于面积还是基于质量叶氮和磷含量都呈正相关关系。99种常绿阔叶树种的比叶重、叶厚度、干物质含量彼此呈正相关。     

丝棉木嫁接常绿阔叶树种技术及在园林中的应用

宁夏地处西北内陆,冬季气候寒冷干燥,春季风沙干旱,灾害天气时有发生.恶劣的环境条件致使园林绿化树种缺乏,无常绿阔叶树种栽培,冬季景观较差.     

豫西地区野生蔬菜资源调查

随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，人们对蔬菜产品的需求开始从数量消费型逐步向质量消费型转变，人们已不仅仅满足于充足的数量供应，而且更加关注产品的商品外观、内在品质以及食用安全性和卫生指标等质量目标。野菜以其鲜嫩清醇的自然性、无污染无公害的安全性、防病治病、强身美容的保健性以及高营养性而受到人们的青睐。因此搞好野菜资源调查对于野菜资源的合理开发和综合利用，具有重要的现实意义。根据近年来我们多次对洛阳市郊、偃师市、新安县、伊川县、蒿县等地的实地调查采样，并结合当地群众提供的资料，经鉴定和整理，初步…     

南京地区引种的6种常绿阔叶树种抗寒性测试

选取南京地区已引种成功的6种常绿阔叶树种,运用越冬适应性观察与电导法作为对比测试手段,分析这些树种的抗寒能力。结果表明,采用低温循环仪自动降温程序模拟冰冻处理来测试叶片的相对电导率,计算出各树种的半致死温度(LT50)能定量地反映这些树种本身的抗寒能力高低,并且与它们在南京地区越冬适应性的观察基本相符。这些研究结果对预测常绿阔叶树种抗寒能力以及在较高纬度地区园林中的应用具有指导意义。     

江西金盆山林区天然常绿阔叶林生态系统碳储量研究

【目的】探讨亚热带典型天然常绿阔叶林碳储量及其碳分布格局,以期为常绿阔叶林生态系统碳汇功能评价提供基础数据和理论依据。【方法】以江西省金盆山林区优势树种生态系统生物量研究为基础,结合主要优势树种碳含量实测数据,对金盆山典型常绿阔叶林丝栗栲林、南岭栲林、米槠林的碳储量及碳空间分布格局进行研究,并以这3种林分的碳密度均值计算整个金盆山林区天然常绿阔叶林总碳储量。【结果】金盆山林区丝栗栲林、南岭栲林、米槠林生态系统碳密度分别为294.82、307.63、318.97 t/hm^2,林区生态系统总碳密度为307.14 t/hm^2,林区现存碳总量为2.25×10^6 t;生态系统碳密度分布规律为植被层>土壤层>凋落物层,植被层碳密度分布规律为乔木层>灌木层>草本层,其中乔木层主干的碳密度占56.54%;土壤层碳密度随着土壤层的加深呈下降趋势,40 cm以下土层间的碳密度变化不明显。【结论】金盆山林区常绿阔叶林不同林分间生态系统碳密度差异不显著,生态系统内碳密度有较强的空间分布规律,生态系统碳密度高于我国森林生态系统平均碳密度和多种典型森林类型碳密度,具有较强的碳汇功能。     

Biocycle of nitrogen in a Cyclobalanopsis glauca-dominated evergreen broad-leaved forest in East China

The nitrogen (N) cycling was elucidated in a 40-year-old subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest dominated by Cyclobalanopsis glauca growing on red soil in Zhejiang Province, East China. The concentrations of N in the representative species ranged from 0.49% to 1.64%, the order of which in various layers was liana and herb layers > understory layer > tree and subtree layers; in various organs was leaf > branch > root > trunk; and aboveground parts > underground parts. The sequence of the concentrations of N in C. glauca was understory > tree > subtree layer; young and high-growing > old organs; reproductive > vegetative organs. Seasonal dynamics of the concentrations of N in C. glauca in the tree and subtree layers was comparatively stable. It was lower in autumn (October) in root, branch, and leaf in the tree layer, and low in January in the understory. There was no evident change in regularity of the concentrations of N in varying diameter classes. The concentrations of N in the litterfall, precipitation, throughfall, litter layer, and soil were 0.74%–2.30%, 0.000,038%, 0.000,09%, 1.94%, and 0.59%, respectively. The standing crop of N in the plant community was 1,025.28 kg/hm², accumulation in the litter layer was 224.88 kg/hm², and reserve in the soil was 55,151 kg/hm². Annual retention of N was 119.47 kg/hm², return was about 84.13 kg/hm², among which litterfall was 78.49 kg/hm² and throughfall, 5.64 kg/hm². Annual absorption of N was 203.60 kg/hm². Annual input of N through incident precipitation was 4.88 kg/hm². Compared with other forest types, cycling rate of N in the community was lower than in deciduous broad-leaved forests, rain forests, and mangroves, and was moderate in evergreen broad-leaved forests. N use efficiency of this forest was moderate among the forest types cited. According to the characteristics of the biocycle of phosphorous, it was concluded that N availability in the soil of this forest was not lower, and phosphorous not N was the limiting factor in the growth of plants in this community. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(4): 740–748 [译自: 生态学报, 2005, 25(4): 740–748]     

季风常绿阔叶林植被恢复过程中土壤理化性质动态

以植被不同恢复阶段的普洱季风常绿阔叶林林地土壤为研究对象,分析了土壤理化性质随植被恢复的动态变化。结果表明:土壤容重随恢复时间的延长呈现降低的趋势,而土壤孔隙度和水分含量则随恢复时间的延长缓慢增大。土壤有机质和全N含量在恢复15年及原始林中最高,全P含量为恢复30年最低,原始林最高,全K含量则是恢复40年样地中最高。不同恢复阶段样地中,原始林中速效N含量最高,恢复15年样地中速效P含量最高,恢复40年样地中速效K含量最高。所有恢复阶段间pH值均无显著性差异,而阳离子交换量由高到低依次为恢复15年>原始林>恢复40年>恢复30年。土壤理化性质相关性分析显示,土壤容重与土壤全N、土壤全P、速效N、有机质具有显著相关性,而土壤孔隙度则仅与土壤pH值具有显著相关性,土壤水分含量则与土壤全N、速效N、阳离子交换量具有显著相关性。     

Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency in evergreen broad-leaved woody species coexisting in a warm-temperate forest

Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE, photosynthetic capacity per unit leaf nitrogen) varies among species from different habitats and correlates with several ecological characteristics such as leaf life span and leaf mass per area. We investigated eight evergreen broad-leaved woody species with different leaf life spans that coexist in a warm-temperate forest. We determined photosynthetic capacity at ambient CO(2) concentration in saturated light, nitrogen concentration, and the concentration of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase), a key enzyme of photosynthesis and the largest sink of nitrogen in leaves. Each species showed a strong correlation between photosynthetic capacity and RuBPCase concentration, and between RuBPCase concentration and nitrogen concentration. Photosynthetic capacity of leaves decreased with increasing leaf life span, whereas PNUE did not correlate significantly with leaf life span. There was a twofold variation in PNUE among species. This relatively small variation in PNUE is consistent with the argument that species that coexist in a single habitat maintain a similar PNUE. The two components of PNUE-photosynthetic rate per unit RuBPCase and RuBPCase per unit leaf nitrogen-were not significantly correlated with other leaf characteristics such as leaf life span and leaf mass per area. We conclude that differences in PNUE are relatively small among coexisting species and that differences in absolute amounts of photosynthetic proteins lead to differences in photosynthetic productivity among species.     

长白山珍稀濒危野生药用植物

长白山有野生药用植物1004种,其中药用芳香植物122种,珍稀药用植物20种。     

豫南大别山区野生草本花卉资源调查

大别山区地处我国北亚热带，属亚热带季风气候，兼有暖温带的气候特征，年平均气温15℃，最低月平均气温1－2℃，最高月平均气温28℃，日均温≥10℃，积温为4700－5000℃，无霜期220天以上，年降水量1000－1200mm，豫南大别山区特殊的地理位置和丰富的水热资源，为植物生长提供了十分有利的条件，全区有微管植物180多科，2000多种，1999年8月，作者对豫南大别山区的野生草本花卉资源进行了系统的调查，整理出本区有价值的观赏植物200多种，约占河南野生草本花卉75％。现将可利用的野生草本观察植物列举如下。     

Retention of available P in acid soils of tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests

Precipitation of mineral phosphate is often recognized as a factor of limiting the availability of P in acidic soils of tropical and subtropical forests. For this paper, we studied the extractable P pools and their transformation rates in soils of a tropical evergreen forest at Xishuangbanna and a subtropical montane wet forest at the Ailao Mountains in order to understand the biogeochemical processes regulating P availability in acidic soils. The two forests differ in forest humus layer; it is deep in the Ailao forest while little is present in the Xishuangbanna forest. The extractable P pools by resin and sodium-bicarbonate decreased when soil organic carbon content was reduced. The lowest levels of extractable P pools occurred in the surface (0–10 cm) mineral soils of the Xishuangbanna forest. However, microbial P in the mineral soil of the Xishuangbanna forest was twice that in the Ailao forest. Potential rates of microbial P immobilization were greater than those of organic P mineralization in mineral soils for both forests. We suggest that microbial P immobilization plays an essential role in avoiding mineral P precipitation and retaining available P of plant in tropical acidic soils, whereas both floor mass accumulation and microbial P immobilization function benefit retaining plant available P in subtropical montane wet forests. Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(7): 2,294–2,300 [译自: 生态学报]