共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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1,5‐Diphenyl‐1‐pentanone (A) and 1,5‐diphenyl‐2‐penten‐1‐one (B) are natural products extracted for the first time from Stellera chamaejasme. Laboratory bioassay showed that the two products have strong contact activity and very good anti‐feedant activity against Aphis gossypii and Schizaphis graminum. Both products showed dose‐dependent relationships for both forms of activity against the two aphids, the contact activity of B being about twice that of A. Both products were inferior to methomyl in contact activity but superior in anti‐feedant activity against the two aphids. This is the first report of aphicidal activity in these two compounds, which may represent a new class of aphicide. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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RA Salas FE Dayan Z Pan SB Watson JW Dickson RC Scott NR Burgos 《Pest management science》2012,68(9):1223-1230
BACKGROUND: Resistance to glyphosate in weed species is a major challenge for the sustainability of glyphosate use in crop and non‐crop systems. A glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass population has been identified in Arkansas. This research was conducted to elucidate its resistance mechanism. RESULTS: The investigation was conducted on resistant and susceptible plants from a population in Desha County, Arkansas (Des03). The amounts of glyphosate that caused 50% overall visual injury were 7 to 13 times greater than those for susceptible plants from the same population. The EPSPS gene did not contain any point mutation that has previously been associated with resistance to glyphosate, nor were there any other mutations on the EPSPS gene unique to the Des03 resistant plants. The resistant plants had 6‐fold higher basal EPSPS enzyme activities than the susceptible plants, but their I50 values in response to glyphosate were similar. The resistant plants contained up to 25 more copies of EPSPS gene than the susceptible plants. The level of resistance to glyphosate correlated with increases in EPSPS enzyme activity and EPSPS copy number. CONCLUSION: Increased EPSPS gene amplification and EPSPS enzyme activity confer resistance to glyphosate in the Des03 population. This is the first report of EPSPS gene amplification in glyphosate‐resistant Italian ryegrass. Other resistance mechanism(s) may also be involved. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Shaukath A Khanum Sheena Shashikanth Syagadadu Giriyanna Sathyanarayana Siddalingaiah Lokesh Saligrama A Deepak 《Pest management science》2009,65(7):776-780
BACKGROUND: Finger millet is a major food crop as well as feed and fodder for livestock, especially in regions of southern India. A sturdy crop to fluctuating environmental conditions, it can be cultivated in all seasons of the year. Leaf, neck and finger blast caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc. and Bipolaris setariae (Saw.) Shoem, as well as leaf spot disease, Bipolaris nodulosa (Berk & M.A.Curtis) Shoem, are major production constraints in southern India. Apart from environmental conditions, the use of harvested seeds by farmers is a major reason for disease prevalence. Benzophenone analogues have been investigated for controlling phytopathogenic fungi. In addition, the most important applications of azetidin‐2‐ones are as antibiotics. Based on this information, the present study was conducted to explore the antifungal activity of integrated 2‐azetidinonyl and 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles moieties into a benzophenone framework. RESULTS: A simple high‐yielding method for the integration of heterocyclic rings, namely 2‐azetidinonyl, at the benzophenone nucleus has been achieved, starting from substituted 2‐hydroxybenzophenones under mild conditions on a wet solid surface using microwave irradiation. In the present study, an array of newly synthesised compounds, 2‐azetidinonyl‐5‐(2‐benzoylphenoxy)methyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles, were screened for their antifungal property against blast and leaf spot causing fungi associated with the seeds of finger millet, cv. Indof‐9. CONCLUSION: Two of the newly synthesised compounds showed promising effects in depleting the incidence of seed‐borne pathogenic fungi of finger millet. The suppression of Pyricularia grisea and Bipolaris setariae resulted in enhanced seed germination and seedling growth. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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T. -C. Lin H. Ishii 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,125(1):119-130
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to Colletotrichum orbiculare was induced in young cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants within 3 h of ASM (acibenzolar-S-methyl) application onto the first leaves. A potent signal associated with significant
accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in xylem fluids from severed stems appeared to be rapidly translocated from elicited lower
leaves within 3 h and 6 h after treatment. Some metabolites of the shikimate, phenylpropanoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways
were quantified and significant increases in the levels of shikimic acid were observed in ASM-treated plants challenge-inoculated
with the anthracnose fungus. Furthermore, the expression of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene (EPSPS) was 1.5 times higher within 12 h after ASM treatment in challenge-inoculated plants than in the untreated control. The involvement
of lipoxygenase activity, shikimic acid and others such as caffeic acid in the induction of SAR is discussed. 相似文献
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Design,synthesis, antiviral activity and three‐dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship study of novel 1,4‐pentadien‐3‐one derivatives containing the 1,3,4‐oxadiazole moiety 下载免费PDF全文
Xiuhai Gan Deyu Hu Pei Li Jian Wu Xuewen Chen Wei Xue Baoan Song 《Pest management science》2016,72(3):534-543
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Changjun Chen Wei Zhao Yuejian Lu Jianxin Wang Yu Chen Hongxia Li Mingguo Zhou 《Pest management science》2009,65(4):413-419
BACKGROUND: A point mutation often confers resistance of organisms against medical drugs and agricultural pesticides. Allele‐specific nucleotide polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) and allele‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR using SYBR Green (ASQPCR) are widely and effectively applied to detect and monitor this type of resistance. However, the former is unsuitable for high‐throughput detection, and the latter often reduces the accuracy of detection. RESULTS: In order to decrease background amplification, a rapid and high‐throughput genotyping method with mismatch primers was developed (ASQPCR‐MP) and applied specifically to survey the frequency of the highly benzimidazole‐resistant MBCHR mutation (E198A) in the β‐tubulin gene of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary populations. Genomic DNA from 223 sclerotia was analysed. Similar genotype results were also obtained using ASPCR with mismatch primers and a mycelial growth inhibition assay. It was found that ASQPCR‐MP clearly differentiated MBCHR and benzimidazole‐sensitive MBCS phenotypes. Moreover, ASQPCR‐MP took less than 6 h to complete. CONCLUSION: ASQPCR‐MP appears suitable for large epidemiological studies involving resistant genotypes and requiring high‐throughout formats. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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The mononuclear nickel(II) complex bis(azido‐κN)bis[2,5‐bis(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐κ2N2,N3]nickel(II) protects tomato from Verticillium dahliae by inhibiting fungal growth and activating plant defences 下载免费PDF全文
Hanane Zine Lalla Aicha Rifai Tayeb Koussa Fouad Bentiss Salaheddine Guesmi Abdelhakim Laachir Kacem Makroum Malika Belfaiza Mohamed Faize 《Pest management science》2017,73(1):188-197
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Quorum sensing in Gram‐negative bacteria is regulated by diffusible signal molecules called N‐acyl‐l ‐homoserine lactones (AHLs). These molecules are degraded by lactonases. In this study, six Bacillus simplex isolates were characterized and identified as a new quorum‐quenching species of Bacillus. An aiiA gene encoding an AHL‐lactonase was identified based on evidence that: (i) it showed high homology with other aiiA genes of Bacillus sp.; (ii) the deduced amino acid sequence contained two conserved regions, 104SHLHFDH111 and 165TPGHTPGH173, characteristic of the metallo‐β‐lactamase superfamily; and (iii) the protein had zinc‐dependent AHL‐degrading activity. Additionally, the expression of the aiiA gene was significantly up‐regulated by 3‐oxo‐AHL. The AHL‐lactonase inhibited multiplication of the 3‐oxo‐C6‐AHL‐producing plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora sy69 both in vitro and in planta. The results provide support for the use of the quorum‐quenching functionality of B. simplex in the integrated control of the devastating fire blight pathogen. 相似文献