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以66份枇杷种质资源成熟果实为试材,用高效液相色谱法分析测定可溶性糖组分含量。结果表明:枇杷种质成熟果实中均含有果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和山梨醇,果糖含量最高,平均39.49 mg ? g-1 FW,山梨醇含量最低,平均为3.03 mg ? g-1 FW。4种糖组分的变异系数为29.50% ~ 71.95%,并且山梨醇 > 蔗糖 > 葡萄糖 > 果糖;果糖含量11.01 ~ 63.98 mg ? g-1 FW,占总糖的19.01% ~ 67.83%;葡萄糖含量5.29 ~ 37.53 mg ? g-1 FW,占总糖的7.18% ~ 41.63%;蔗糖含量1.10 ~ 55.92 mg ? g-1 FW,占总糖的1.44% ~ 69.72%;山梨醇含量0.64 ~ 11.90 mg ? g-1 FW,占总糖的0.88% ~ 12.21%。不同种质资源成熟果实的糖分构成存在差异,果糖/葡萄糖为1.12 ~ 3.62,果糖/蔗糖为0.27 ~ 43.85,蔗糖/葡萄糖为0.05 ~ 8.75;聚类分析结果将枇杷种质资源分为果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量差异显著的2大类5个组群,综合分析认为枇杷种质资源糖积累类型可分为果糖积累型、己糖(果糖 + 葡萄糖)积累型和蔗糖积累型。 相似文献
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GA_3、2,4-D、B和蔗糖对梨花粉生活力及花粉生长速度的影响(英文) 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
以5个亚洲梨品种为试材,通过离体培养研究了花穗中花的着生部位,不同浓度的GA3、2,4-D和蔗糖对花粉生活力、花粉管生长速度的影响。结果表明,不同品种的花粉生活力差异明显,黄花花粉萌发快;新世纪花粉生活力强,花粉管生长迅速。花的着生位置及花器官的发育程度对花粉生活力有明显影响,边花的生活力比中心花强。不同浓度的B、2,4-D、GA3对花粉萌发及花粉管生长均有不同程度的影响,高浓度的GA3、2,4-D抑制花粉管的生长,但浓度较高的蔗糖能促进花粉粒的萌发和生长,且两者呈正相关(R2=0.983)。 相似文献
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以20个枣品种为试材,采用超高效液相色谱法对枣果实中的主要糖和有机酸组分进行了测定分析,比较了不同品种间的差异并揭示其动态变化规律。结果表明:枣果实中主要的可溶性糖为蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖,其中蔗糖含量最高,其次是果糖和葡萄糖,属蔗糖积累型;总糖及各组分糖的含量在不同品种果实间存在显著差异,所测品种中‘新郑灰枣’总糖含量最高;随着果实的发育,果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量不断积累,在果实发育前期主要是果糖、葡萄糖的积累,白熟期之后以蔗糖积累为主。枣果实中的有机酸主要是苹果酸、奎宁酸和琥珀酸,其中苹果酸含量最高,属苹果酸优势型;总酸及各组分酸的含量在不同品种间存在极显著差异,‘彬县晋枣’总酸含量最高;随着果实的发育成熟,总酸及苹果酸、奎宁酸和酒石酸含量不断增长,柠檬酸含量在不同发育时期间无显著差异,琥珀酸含量在白熟期低,且与脆熟期和完熟期差异极显著,而脆熟期和完熟期之间无显著差异。糖、酸相关性分析表明,总酸与苹果酸和奎宁酸,总糖与蔗糖,果糖与葡萄糖,苹果酸与总糖和蔗糖之间都呈极显著正相关。柠檬酸与果糖和葡萄糖之间存在显著负相关,总酸与果糖、酒石酸与熊果酸之间存在显著正相关。 相似文献
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Present study demonstrates the effect of sucrose and ABA on germination of encapsulated somatic embryos of guava (Psidium guajava L.). Sucrose and ABA at different concentrations were also evaluated for their effects on maturation and germination of somatic embryos. Mature somatic embryos developed on MS medium containing high concentration of sucrose (10%) or ABA (1.0 mg l−1) showed inhibition in germination if they continued to be in same medium for 4 weeks. With increasing concentrations of sucrose (3–9%) or ABA (0.01–1.0 mg l−1) in medium, percent germination of encapsulated somatic embryos decreased significantly. Encapsulated somatic embryos after storage on MS medium supplemented with 9% sucrose or 1 mg l−1 ABA for different duration (0–60 days) germinated when they were transferred to medium containing 3% sucrose. About 20.8% and 37.5% encapsulated somatic embryos germinated after storage on ABA (1 mg l−1) or sucrose (9%) for 60 days, respectively. Temporarily suppression in germination of encapsulated somatic embryos by high concentration of sucrose or ABA may be important for short-term conservation of elite genotype of guava. 相似文献
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以陇东马牙枣盛花后50~60d的幼胚为试材,采用L9(3)4正交设计,筛选适宜的幼胚萌发培养基。结果表明,基本培养基、激素配比、蔗糖的含量对幼胚萌发都有显著的影响;其中MS-H培养基的萌发率最高为47.62%;ZT最适宜含量为0.5mg/L,IAA最适宜含量为0.6mg/L;较高的蔗糖含量(50g/L)有利于胚的萌发。幼胚萌发的适宜培养基为MS-H+ZT0.5mg/L+IAA0.6mg/L+LH0.5g/L+蔗糖50g/L+琼脂4.0g/L,剥去种皮,幼胚萌发效果较好。当胚萌发后,将胚从胚乳中或愈伤组织中剥离继续诱导愈伤组织,再经诱导不定芽,生根获得正常植株。 相似文献
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台湾青枣不同品种花粉萌发和生活力测定 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
以5个台湾青枣品种盛花期花粉为试材,应用正交试验测定不同品种花粉萌发率及适宜的萌发条件,并用4种不同方法测定花粉生活力。结果表明:(1)不同品种的花粉萌发率存在显著差异,其中大世界的花粉萌发率最高。(2)硼酸浓度、培养温度等因素对花粉萌发率有极显著影响。最适培养基为含琼脂1%、蔗糖15%、硼酸0.02%的组合,适宜温度为30—32℃。(3)花粉生活力的测定中,离体萌发法是最佳选择,I—KI染色法、醋酸洋红染色法和TTC染色法不适宜用作台湾青枣花粉生活力的测定。 相似文献
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根域限制对‘巨玫瑰’葡萄果实可溶性糖含量及相关代谢酶活性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以‘巨玫瑰’葡萄(Vitis vinifera L. × V. labrusca L.)为试材,从始熟期开始研究了根域限制栽培对果实可溶性糖积累及相关代谢酶活性的影响。结果表明:‘巨玫瑰’葡萄果实中主要以葡萄糖和果糖积累为主。从始熟期开始果实中的葡萄糖和果糖含量持续增加,与此同时,酸性转化酶(AI)的活性也随果实发育进程而逐步增强。AI活性与果实中含量最多的葡萄糖和果糖含量显著相关。中性转化酶(NI)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)的分解方向的活性只是在始熟期3周后开始增加,且活性低于AI。蔗糖合成酶(SS)的合成方向和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)的活性在始熟期开始后稍有增加,此后保持平稳,且活性远远低于蔗糖分解相关酶AI、NI和SS的分解方向活性。根域限制栽培可以显著提高‘巨玫瑰’果实中可溶性糖的含量、糖积累期间的AI活性和成熟时的NI活性,但对其他酶活性影响不显著。由此推断AI是葡萄果实糖积累的最重要的调节因子,也是根域限制提高果实糖含量的关键代谢酶。 相似文献
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对不同西瓜品种果实发育过程中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和总糖含量的动态变化进行了分析,以探讨西瓜不同糖的变化规律,旨在为西瓜品质改良提供依据。结果表明:西瓜果实总糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量变化趋势基本一致,幼果期较低,随后缓慢积累,果实膨大期有所下降,成熟过程迅速积累,完熟期到达峰值,过熟期含量开始下降;西瓜果实蔗糖含量基本呈"S"型曲线变化,幼果期含量较低,随后缓慢积累,果实膨大期迅速积累,完熟期达到峰值,过熟期含量开始下降。西瓜果实中总糖、果糖、葡萄糖在授粉后33d左右达到峰值,蔗糖含量在授粉后30d左右达到峰值。 相似文献
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无籽西瓜果实不同部位糖含量测定 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
为了研究三倍体无籽西瓜不同部位糖含量,对6个红瓤和1个黄瓤无籽西瓜品种果实不同部位果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和总糖含量进行了测定,并对红瓤西瓜整瓜贮藏60d后的损失率进行了研究。结果表明:不同无籽西瓜品种之间果实的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和总糖含量差异明显。果实不同部位的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和总糖含量有很大差异,中间部位大于近皮部。3个无籽西瓜品种整瓜室温贮藏60d后不同部位的果糖和总糖损失率为20%~80%,葡萄糖损失率为10%~60%,蔗糖损失率为1%~25%。红瓤无籽西瓜果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖含量之比约是5∶3∶1,黄瓤无籽西瓜约是6∶3∶1。 相似文献
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Several fungicide treatment schemes were assayed on ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Jonagold’ apples. The free sugars (fructose, glucose, sorbitol, sucrose and their total) of freshly harvested apples were measured and compared to those obtained with the corresponding untreated apples (control). With ‘Golden Delicious’, the fungicide treatments generally increased the content of fructose, sucrose and total sugars, but had no effect on the glucose content. With ‘Jonagold’, similar effects were observed, but their intensities generally were lower than in ‘Golden Delicious’; in some cases, the treatments even decreased the sugar content. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,103(2):199-208
We investigated the embryo induction of papaya by anther culture, and identified the sex of plantlets derived from embryos using a sex-diagnostic PCR. Anthers, containing approximately 80% uninucleate pollen, were collected from 10 to 14 mm long male flower buds. They were pre-treated on agar (0.8%) or in liquid medium for 1–5 days at 25 or 35 °C, then transferred to agar medium with 0.1 mg l−1 BA and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. Agar and liquid media used for the pre-treatment contained water only or MS nutrients with or without sucrose (2.0%). On the agar medium, no embryos were induced at any pre-treatment temperature. In the liquid medium at 25 °C, embryos were induced at about 1.0% (rate of anthers forming embryos) in MS medium with sucrose for 3 or 5 days. At 35 °C, embryo induction rate tended to increase up to about 4.0% when anthers were treated in water for 1 day or MS medium with sucrose for 3 or 5 days. The sex of plantlets established through anther culture was analyzed using a sex-diagnostic PCR. All plantlets were determined as female. From these results, we suggest that all plantlets established through anther culture were of microspore origin, and that the anther culture technique is useful for the breeding of female papaya. 相似文献
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Shigetoshi Kawamata 《Scientia Horticulturae》1978,8(2):143-153
Normal fruits of ‘Nijisseiki’ pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) and fruits showing various degrees of ‘Yuzuhada’ disorder, collected at harvest time, were analyzed for nutrient content, and the respiration rates were measured. Affected fruits contained significantly lower Ca, total sugars and fructose, but their respiratory quotient (RQ) was markedly increased. High correlation coefficients were found between those factors. There were no significant differences in N, P, K, Mg, reducing sugars, glucose and sucrose content between normal and affected fruits. Principal component analysis of the results indicated a predominant role of Ca, fructose and RQ in the occurrence of ‘Yuzuhada’ disorder. Thus it was assumed that the fruits lower in Ca content show higher RQ with concomitant decrease of fructose content, which in turn results in ‘Yuzuhada’ disorder. 相似文献
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香蕉黑星病菌形态与生物学特性 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为更好地了解香蕉黑星病和指导病害防治,对该病病原菌Macrophomamusae的形态作了系统描述并详细测定了该菌的生物学特性。生物学特性研究表明,在PDA平板上,香蕉黑星病菌在10~35℃均能生长,适宜生长温度为20~30℃,最适生长温度是28℃,PDA、PSA和V8培养基上生长较好,病原菌在pH3~10均能生长,pH4~8生长较好,pH7生长最佳,马铃薯琼脂培养基中添加不同的糖对病原菌生长有不同的影响,其中以蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖最好,淀粉和乳糖最差,PDA培养基中添加2%的不同的氮源对病原菌生长有抑制作用,在添加氯化铵的PDA上不能生长,光照对病原菌的生长有明显促进作用,振荡培养对病原菌生长的促进作用不明显,病原菌的致死温度为55℃10min。分生孢子在蒸馏水中萌发缓慢,Ca2+有促进孢子萌发的作用,其中10mmol/LCa2+对孢子萌发的促进作用最为明显。 相似文献
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番茄不同部位中糖含量和相关酶活性的研究 总被引:25,自引:2,他引:25
试验将番茄光合产物运转途径上叶片(源) 、运输系统以及果实(库) 区分开, 分别测定其糖的组成和含量以及糖代谢相关酶的活性。结果表明: 番茄光合产物运转途径上从“源”到“库”各部位糖的组成和含量不同。叶肉中果糖的含量最高, 蔗糖的含量最低; 中筋中以果糖和葡萄糖为主; 叶柄维管束中葡萄糖含量最高, 蔗糖含量次之, 果糖含量最低。节间和果柄维管束中主要含有蔗糖。果实维管束以及果实内各部位中则主要含有葡萄糖和果糖, 且两者含量无显著差异, 蔗糖含量很低。萼片中葡萄糖含量最高, 蔗糖含量最低; 果蒂中3种糖含量均较高且无显著差异。番茄叶肉及光合产物运转组织中转化酶活性很低, 而在库器官的非维管组织中转化酶活性较高。果蒂中的蔗糖合成酶( SS) 活性最高, 其次是叶肉和运转组织, 果实内各部位中SS活性较低。在合成蔗糖的器官—叶肉中, 有较高的蔗糖磷酸合成酶( SPS) 活性, 运转组织中的SPS活性较叶肉中降低, 但果柄维管束和果实维管束中则表现出较高SPS活性, 果肉、果胶质胎座及心室隔壁中的SPS活性最低。 相似文献