脱支和反复湿热处理对苦荞抗性淀粉含量和理化特性的影响

采用普鲁兰酶（PUL）去除苦荞淀粉支链，进行多次湿热处理（HMT），探究PUL用量和HMT次数对苦荞全粉中抗性淀粉含量以及理化特性的影响。结果表明，PUL、HMT和PUL-HMT均能增加苦荞抗性淀粉含量，其中PUL用量10U/g、HMT 2次效果最佳，抗性淀粉含量从4.74%增加到13.38%。经过PUL-HMT，苦荞粉表面由光滑变凹凸状，晶型结构发生变化，从A型变为A+V型，相对结晶度和热焓值下降，红外光谱表明，淀粉内部短程有序结构轻微改变。去支化和HMT能有效改变苦荞粉理化性质，增加抗性淀粉含量，其中PUL10-HMT2的处理方法能得到更加理想的高抗性淀粉苦荞材料。     

Hilbert-Huang transform and denoising for partial discharge ultrsonic singals of large motor

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm is introduded as the core of the Hilbert-huang transform (HHT), and implementation process of EMD is analyzed. Then data compression denoising algorithm based on EMD is proposed, simulation and experimental signals are used for verification of the effect of EMD. In the same data sources, the comparison of data compression denoising approaches based on the EMD, db2 wavelet and db8 wavelet are conducted. In addition, physical experiment of the same analysis and comparisons are conducted on a running motor in a Chongqing electrical plant. Simulation and experimental results show that data compression denoising algorithm based on EMD can achieve the same denoising effect, or even better than based on db2 wavelet, db8 wavelet. The former is more perfect than the latter in the real signal processing, and denoising based on EMD is not loss of the original signal energy.     

A Simplified Denoising Algorithm with Wavelet Transform

This article explains the mathematical characterization of singularities with Lipschitz exponents and how to compute Lipschitz exponents.The principle and advantage of denoising with wavelet are reviewed.At last,a new simplified practical denoising algorithm is given.     

苹果表面伤痕与果梗和花萼的辨识及检出方法

针对在水果表面品质检测的图像处理中,苹果的果梗和花萼很容易被错误辨识成缺陷,提出一种自动识别出苹果缺陷,并计算其大小的图像处理算法,如图像分割、图像去噪、区域标记与提取、感兴趣区域提取等,设计出一种能将采集到的苹果图片进行正确处理后,识别出果梗和花萼,得到真正缺陷大小的图像处理算法。运用C++语言进行编程,采用MFC基于对话框的非模态形式设计了图像处理软件,处理采集到的苹果样品图片,结果表明,该算法能正确计算缺陷大小,并且能得到果梗和花萼的辨识依据,可用于水果表面品质实时检测中。     

Real time monitoring for multivariate statistical process with on line multiscale filtering

By analyzing shortages of current MSPCA model, an on line multi variable statistical process monitoring method is proposed, which uses some concepts from online multi scale filtering and can be applied to sensor fault diagnosis. In the method, wavelet decomposition is employed to the signals using edge correction filter in a fixed length data window, and then wavelet denoising is conducted with wavelet threshold filtering. Next, an on line multi scale model is constructed for data combining wavelet transformation and adaptive PCA in the previous data window. This model avoids time waste in direct signal denoising and reduces time cost in multi scale data with conventional PCA, which eventually increases accuracy in fault diagnosis. Experiments on eight vibration signals of 6135D diesel engine under severe leak condition prove the practicability and feasibility of the proposed method.     

黄瓜种子带菌检测及杀菌剂消毒处理效果

采用离体平皿法对10个品种的黄瓜种子进行带菌检测,并测定5种杀菌剂和1种种衣剂对种子的消毒处理效果。结果表明,种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉属(Pen icilliumspp.)、根霉属(Rhizopusspp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillusspp.)、枝孢属(C ladosporiumspp.)、交链孢属(Alternariaspp.)和镰孢霉属(Fusariumspp.);种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为根霉属、曲霉属、枝孢属和镰孢霉属;不同品种的种子表面携带真菌种类差异较大,而种子内部寄藏的真菌种类差异不明显;种壳带菌率一般高于种仁带菌率。15%噁.霜.福悬浮种衣剂、适乐时和福美双对种子的消毒效果优于甲霜灵、多菌灵、噁霉灵等供试药剂。     

Preprocess Method of PCB Line Detection

In the visual inspection systems of PCB line detection, a good preprocess effect of test image is the precondition of the system with fine performance, while the its speed is the determinant of the real-time inspection performance. This paper proposed a preprocess algorithms of PCB test image, which includes two parts-binarization and denoising. The experiment shows that the preprocess algorithm is able to obtain an effective threshold for the binarization of the defect image, eliminating the noise and enhancing the speed highly.     

基于MODIS-NDVI时序数据的南方冬闲田信息提取

为了从宏观上监测冬闲田的面积及分布情况有效解决传统方法的时效性差的缺陷,以MODIS-NDVI时间序列数据、土地利用数据和湖北省农业统计数据为基础,得到2007年4月到2008年3月湖北省MODIS-NDVI时序数据变化曲线。由于遥感影像在传输过程中受到云、大气等的影响,曲线的变化与统计数据的物候期并不完全符合。为了如实反映地表事物的真实面貌,本文采用Savitzky-Golay滤波进行平滑去噪处理,并将结果与ERDAS中自带的Hanning滤波去噪的结果进行比较,发现前者效果较好,不仅能有效去掉噪声,不产生环形条纹,而且能最大程度地保留细节特征。根据变化曲线所反映的物候信息,最后得到湖北省冬闲田的总面积为5564.3平方千米,即834.6万亩,占耕地总面积的16.6%,主要分布在鄂东南低山丘陵和江汉平原地区,冬闲期主要有60天和120天两种。     

厚皮甜瓜衰老过程中保护性酶类的变化

以黄河蜜、银帝、玉金香3个不同品种的厚皮甜瓜为试材,分析测定其在衰老过程中过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化情况.结果显示,POD活性与CAT活性变化相似,呈上升-下降-上升趋势,而SOD则呈下降-上升-下降趋势.3种酶活性的高低与品种耐贮性相关,耐贮品种的POD、SOD活性高于不耐贮的品种;而CAT活性则低于不耐贮的品种.     

Noise-reduction of Digital Video Image Based on Time-recursive Filtering

With the analysis of the principle of time-recursive filter, the authors find that the nature of time-recursive filter is Weighted Mean Low-Pass filter and the relationship between filter coefficients and SNR and the artifact arising from the area where motion can not be tracked. One approach based on Automatic Control Method is proposed to solve the artifacts problem during the process of filtering and the authors designed the corresponding hardware based on FPGA and software respectively. The experimental results show that the time-recursive filtering is good at digital video image denoising and reduces the random noise of digital camera system.     

Image denoising based on the complex direction of filter banks and blockshrink

A new image denoising algorithm based on the complex direction of filter bands and BlockShrink is proposed. The image is decomposed based on the complex direction of filter bands to obtain the coefficients. Then, according to the coefficient correlation, the block threshold method is used to select the best block size and the threshold. In this way, the unbiased risk estimation of each sub-band is minimized. The algorithm is entirely data-driven easy to implement and with good visual effects. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm increase the PSNR by 0.6 percent compared with the algorithm based on DWT-BlockShrink transform, and the edge and countour information are more clearly.     

Adaptive Enhancementt of Heart Sound Based on Simulink

In the course of recording heart sound, it is inevitable that many kinds of noise will be merged in the main signal. These kinds of noise disbennifit the heart sounds, even import awful influence to analysis result. So, before further processings of phonocardiographic records, noise must be suppressed. Because heart-sound is a highly nonstationary signal, this paper presents the application of adaptive filter method to the elimination of noise,and at the same time, employs the datum of heart-sound plot as the reference noise. With simulink, a modeling and simulation tool for dynamical systems, the model of LMS adaptive heart-sound enhancement is established.Tests prove this method makes effective denoising and heart-sound enhancement.     

Fetal electrocardiogram extraction based on radial basis function neural networks

A novel method for extracting fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) from the abdominal composite signal of a pregnant woman is proposed. The maternal component in the abdominal electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a nonlinearly transformed version of the mother's ECG (MECG). This nonlinear relationship was identified using radial basis function (RBF) neural networks. The FECG is extracted by subtracting the nonlinearly transformed version of the MECG from the abdominal ECG signal. The baseline shift and noise in the FECG are suppressed by wavelet packet denoising technique. Experimental results obtained from the actual ECG signals demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in extracting FECG even when it is totally embedded within the maternal(QRS) complex.     

频域滤波的水泥路面图像降噪增强方法

针对在水泥路面裂缝图像识别中刻槽和纵向条带状形成的噪声干扰,提出了一种基于频域滤波的降噪增强方法。首先,分析了这两类噪声的频谱特征,并根据空域图像中刻槽的周期性,推导了频域图像中刻槽谱峰的位置,设计了消除这些谱峰的系列滤波器。根据纵向条带状干扰属于低频成分的特性,设计了抑制低频、增强高频的滤波器,经优化滤波器参数达到消除这类干扰的效果。实验结果表明,该方法能够消除两类噪声干扰,同时,增强了裂缝的对比度,为水泥路面裂缝识别提供了理论基础。     

Comparisons of quantitative trait locus mapping properties between two methods of recombinant inbred line development

Theoretical comparisons for quantitativetrait loci (QTL) mapping properties wereconducted among simulated recombinantinbred (RI) populations developed bysingle-hill (SH), complete bulk, and singleseed descent (SSD) procedures by MonteCarlo simulations based on variouspopulation sizes, heritabilities, and QTLeffects. Our simulations includedestimation of QTL effects, QTL positions,and statistical testing power in the RIpopulations by comparing the estimates withpreset values. The simulation resultsshowed that the single hill (SH) bulk andsingle seed descent RI populations weregenerally not significantly different withrespect to quality of estimated QTL effectsand positions. Furthermore, when each RIpopulation had 150 lines, each couldprovide desirable properties for QTLmapping. The results implied that a SH RIpopulation consisting of 75 or moreF₂-derived families with two lines perfamily (corresponding population size of150 or above) was appropriate for QTLmapping and was not significantly differentthan a SSD RI population of 150. Thus, theSH method could be used to develop largenumbers of RI lines for achieving betterresults in QTL mapping. Simulations alsoshowed that there was no significantdifference between means using SH methodswith 10 and 100 fruits per family. However, RI populations developed by thecomplete bulk method where F₂identities are lost were not suitable forQTL mapping.     

Review of the Fire resistance Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Polymer or Plastic Materials

Fiber Reinforced Polymer or Plastic (FRP) materials have been used widely in civil engineering over the last 10 years or so. FRP materials have poor fire resistance, however. We analyzed recent research on the fire resistance (high temperature) behaviour of FRP materials, including thermal properties, mechanical properties (strength and stiffness), bonding properties at elevated temperatures, and the burning properties of FRP materials (ignition and flame spread, smoke generation and toxicity). We conclude with the existing problems in the fire behavior of FRP materials and propose suggestions for further research.     

Wavelet denoising method of temperature signal in the process of coal gas absorption and desorption

The study on the temperature evolutionary trend under both the ground stress and gas pressure is significant in the process of coal gas absorption and desorption. However, the valid signal is difficult to gain because of much noise in the experimental data, so according to the characteristics of the temperature signal gained under different experimental conditions of coal gas absorption and desorption, this essay filtrates noise and restores the valid signal by using the wavelet denoising of MATLAB to obtain the valid temperature evolutionary curve. Through contrasting and analyzing wavelet basis function and different decomposition levels, the essay chooses the sym8 wavelet basis function which has a higher order of vanishing moments and better smoothness. The reconstructed signal filtrates most of high frequency signal, and keep low frequency, as well as smooth signal. The result shows that the de-noising effect is good and the temperature evolution rule can be well reflected in the process of the coal gas absorption and desorption.     

运用灰色关联度对山东小麦新品种(系)综合表现的评价

应用灰色关联度分析法,对参加2001~2002年度山东省小麦品种区域试验高肥甲组l3个品种(系)的7个主要性状,进行了综合描述和量化评估.结果表明,参试品种(系)中烟475表现最好,其次为潍62036、烟278、荷26-5-39和聊9518。与等权关联度排序相比,加权关联度排序的评估结果更能反映品种(系)产量等多个性状的实际表现,构造参考品种和赋予不同性状以不同权重是灰色关联度分析法的关键环节。     

亲水胶体对未漂洗革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜凝胶特性的影响

为比较亲水胶体对未漂洗的革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜凝胶特性的影响,分别将0.2%结冷胶(GNG)、0.2%卡拉胶(CGN)、0.2%可得然胶(CDG)及0.2%瓜尔豆胶(GRG)添加于未漂洗的革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜中,并测定凝胶特性、白度值、持水力、动态流变学性质和水分迁移变化规律等指标。结果表明,4种亲水胶体的添加均可不同程度地提高革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜凝胶的持水性、白度值、储能模量G′和损耗模量G″,GNG、CGN和CDG的添加有利于促进革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜凝胶中不易流动水向结合水方向迁移(P21增加),其中CDG组的持水性(95.77%)、破断力(500.80 g)、破断距离(8.46 mm)和凝胶强度(4335.69 g·mm)均为各处理中最大值,而添加GNG和GRG却会降低革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜的凝胶强度。综上所述,添加0.2%CDG可显著提高革胡子鲶鱼鱼糜的凝胶特性。     

共轭亚油酸对猪免疫功能的影响

共轭亚油酸（Conjugated Linoleic Acid, CLA）属于多不饱和脂肪酸,是必需脂肪酸亚油酸的一组异构体。CLA 具有抗肿瘤、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗糖尿病、减少脂肪沉积、增强免疫机能和促生长等广泛的生物学作用。文章综述了共轭亚油酸对猪免疫机能的作用,为进一步开发和利用共轭亚油酸提供依据。