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子宫内膜炎主要是由于奶牛在分娩后子宫受到微生物的侵袭以及产后胎衣滞留或剥离损伤了子宫内而导致的产后疾病,一般以抗生素类药物局部给药治疗有一定的效果,但治疗周期较长.为了检验溶菌酶的效果,我们应用复合溶菌酶制剂和抗生素对患子宫内膜炎的12头奶牛进行了对比治疗试验,现报告如下: 相似文献
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微生态制剂作为替代抗生素的潜在产品,在奶牛养殖中得到了广泛应用.微生态制剂通过调节菌群平衡以及代谢抗菌物质等促进奶牛的肠道健康,促进奶牛自身免疫系统的发育,在提高奶牛生长性能和抵御疫病中发挥着重要作用.微生态制剂在防治奶牛子宫内膜炎、奶牛乳房炎和犊牛腹泻等疾病中的效果显著.其次,微生态制剂还可以提高产奶量,改善乳品质.本文对奶牛养殖中微生态制剂使用的研究进展进行综述,对推广微生态制剂在奶牛养殖中的合理应用具有参考意义. 相似文献
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微生态制剂治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16
利用从健康母猪生殖道分离出的一株粪链球菌,经培养制成一种微生态制剂,定名为宫康素。用于治疗患子宫内膜炎的奶牛45头一个疗程,治愈率为80%,有效率为100%,使用安全、无副作用,具有较好应用价值。 相似文献
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奶牛患了子宫内膜炎,炎性产物及细菌毒素直接危害精子及胚胎存活而引起不孕,它是影响奶牛的妊娠、繁殖和产奶量的主要因素之一。子宫内膜炎的主要病原微生物为链球菌、葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和化脓杆菌等。对子宫内膜炎,一般采用抗生素治疗的较多,由于治疗奶牛其它疾病过程中也经常应用抗生素药物。因而容易对该药物产生抗药性,影响了子宫内膜炎的治疗效果。为了探索疗效更好的药物,我们选用杀菌力强、消炎快、解毒效果好的植物性抗菌药——桉叶素溶液,于84年12月——85年9月进行了试验。 相似文献
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奶牛子宫内膜炎诊疗学研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
子宫内膜炎是奶牛产后普遍发生的一种生殖疾病,可导致奶牛产犊间期延长、产奶量降低、淘汰率增加、治疗期间奶源废弃、管理及治疗成本增加,也是导致奶牛不孕症的重要原因之一。目前国内外防治奶牛子宫内膜炎的诊断技术和治疗方法众多,主要有阴道镜检查、Metricheck装置评估、子宫细胞学检查、抗生素疗法、中药疗法、中西医结合疗法、激素疗法、臭氧新型疗法等诊疗技术。阴道镜检查是一种可视化检查方法,利用内窥镜直观评估奶牛阴道内分泌物性状确定子宫内膜炎严重程度;Metricheck装置是根据阴道内分泌物含量和性状,设置不同评分值评估产后奶牛子宫内膜炎和繁殖性能;子宫细胞学检查通过子宫细胞刷、灌洗或活检技术确定子宫内膜细胞和中性粒细胞(PMN)的比例,设定奶牛产后不同时期PMN最佳阈值诊断子宫内膜炎;抗生素疗法通过宫内灌注、皮下注射、静脉注射抗生素等途径治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎,治疗成本低,见效快,是目前治疗奶牛临床子宫内膜炎最常用的疗法;中药疗法筛选不同组分的中药复方制剂,通过调节奶牛机体免疫系统,改善子宫内血液循环,抑制致病菌繁殖,促进子宫恢复正常生理机能;中西医结合疗法兼具中药辩证治疗的优点和西药见效快的特点,临床治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎具有广泛应用价值;激素疗法中前列腺素通过诱导黄体溶解,消除黄体酮产生和免疫抑制,刺激子宫复旧,降低产后奶牛长期子宫感染和炎症的风险;臭氧新型疗法是将臭氧制作成泡沫制剂、油制剂等产品通过宫内灌注杀灭病原菌。这些诊疗技术在治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的过程中均取得了不同程度的效果,对评估产后奶牛繁殖性能和生产性能具有良好的指导作用。文章通过介绍这些诊疗技术在奶牛子宫内膜炎中应用的研究进展,以期为该病的防治提供参考。 相似文献
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病原微生物的侵入是造成奶牛子宫内膜炎产生的主要原因。由于病原微生物的侵入,导致奶牛的子宫粘膜出现脓性炎症,从而使奶牛的子宫内膜炎产生。在对奶牛的子宫内膜炎进行治疗时,普遍的采用抗生素来治疗,但是经过对药物效果的观察发现,抗生素对奶牛子宫内膜炎的治疗效果并不好。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献