支配子宫的植物性神经对子宫免疫的影响Ⅰ.切断支配子宫的植？…

为探讨植物性神经与子宫局部细胞免疫的关系，选用性成熟ＳＤ大鼠，手术切断支配子宫的植物性神经，用组织学方法做子宫的石蜡切片，甲苯胺蓝染色，镜下计数，观察了肥大细胞（ＭＣ）数的变化。结果表明，在性周期和妊娠期中，手术后子宫肥大细胞数都呈增加趋势，在妊娠早期变化更显著，而且子宫肥大细胞数随性周期和妊娠期呈规律性的波动。结果提示，植物性神经对子宫免疫有一定影响。     

支配子宫的植物性神经对子宫免疫的影响 Ⅱ.支配子宫的植物性神经对Wistar大鼠着床及子宫肥大细胞的影响

选用成年雌性 Wistar大鼠 ,采用外科手术方法分别在妊娠前和妊娠后切断支配大鼠子宫的植物性神经 ,观察了切断神经对 Wistar大鼠着床的影响 ,并用常规组织学方法观察了子宫肥大细胞 ( MC)数的变化。结果表明 :( 1 )切断神经后再配种的大鼠不易怀孕 ,绝大部分鼠经交配 3次以上仍不怀孕 ,其他鼠推迟着床。对妊娠后大鼠切断神经并不影响妊娠的维持 ;( 2 )切断神经的大鼠子宫 MC总数与对照组相比有所增加 ,经 t检验未见显著差异 ,提示神经影响着床不完全是通过 MC数的改变起作用 ,可能通过改变 MC介质的释放起作用。本试验结果提示 ,支配子宫的植物性神经可能参与大鼠胚胎着床的建立 ,而对胚胎着床后影响并不重要     

支配子宫的植物性神经对子宫免疫的影响：——Ⅱ·支配子宫的植？…

选用成年雌性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,采用外科手术方法分别在妊娠前和妊娠后切断支配大鼠子宫的植物性神经,观察了切断神经对Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠着床的影响,并用常规组织学方法观察了子宫肥大细胞（ＭＣ）数的变化。结果表明：（１）切断神经后再配种的大鼠不易怀孕,绝大部分鼠经交配３次以上仍不怀孕,其他鼠推迟着床对妊娠后大刀切断神经并不影响妊娠的维持;（２）切断神经的大鼠子宫ＭＣ总数与对照组相比有所增加,经ｔ检验未见显著     

植物性神经对围着床期大鼠子宫中肥大细胞和组织胺含量的影响

本研究旨在以肥大细胞和组织胺为指标探讨大鼠围着床期植物性神经与子宫局部细胞免疫的关系。选择180日龄,体重为300～350g的性成熟Wistar雌性大鼠90只,随机分为对照、假手术处理和手术处理(n=30)3组,手术处理为孕前切除支配子宫的植物性神经(肠系膜后神经节节后纤维和盆神经丛节前纤维),伤口愈合,开始合笼试验。在妊娠4～6d,无菌条件下,取出大鼠子宫和卵巢,观察排卵、胚胎着床情况变化,通过细胞染色和ELISA方法测定肥大细胞数量和组织胺释放量。结果表明:正常大鼠子宫中组织胺自发释放量和总含量在着床(d5)时最低。肥大细胞数量也呈现相似的变化。神经切除后,自发释放组织胺量在妊娠4～6d数值明显下降,且在妊娠4、6d与对照组相比较差异显著(P0.05);可释放组织胺总含量在着床前(d4)极显著降低(P0.01),且胚胎着床数量明显减少或延迟;肥大细胞数量在着床前后与组织胺总含量有相似的变化。这些结果说明,切除神经降低了着床前肥大细胞数量和组织胺水平,改变了子宫局部免疫水平,进而引起了胚胎着床减少或延迟。综上表明,支配子宫的植物性神经可在着床前上调子宫肥大细胞数量和组织胺水平,控制子宫局部免疫水平,在胚胎着床中起重要调控作用。     

支配子宫的植物神经和肥大细胞与子宫免疫调节的关系

本文概述了近年来子宫的植物性神经支配、子宫肥大细胞（ＭＣ）的最新研究概况，阐述了植物性神经通过子宫肥大细胞对子宫免疫的影响及Ｐ物质对子宫免疫的调节。植物性神经可通过抑制子宫ＭＣ的增殖和组织胺释放来抑制子宫局部免疫水平，神经肽Ｐ物质能刺激子宫ＭＣ组织胺和细胞因子的释放来调节子宫免疫，但组织胺的释放与子宫的生殖状态有关。神经肽对ＭＣ功能的调节是免疫－神经－分分泌网络相互作用的一个侧面，深入研究神经肽对ＭＣ作用的机理，将有助于推动神经免疫的发展。     

猪子宫内膜肥大细胞消涨规律初探

雌性小型猪１５头，分为二月龄、间情期、民情前期、发情期、妊娠期等六组。颈动脉放血处死，取子宫组织，经甲苯胺改良法和免疫组化法染色，观察肥大细胞的动态变化。子宫内膜肥大细胞的数量随个体的生长而增加。在发情周期中肥大细胞的数量呈规律性的变化：在民情前期一时性地剧增，至发情期陡然降至显著低于间情期的水平，在妊娠期也维持低于间情期的水平。本实验的结果提示，子宫内膜肥大细胞的数量可能反映子宫局部的免疫水平。     

交感神经阻断小鼠妊娠早期子宫内肥大细胞的分布

为了研究交感神经对哺乳动物早期胚胎发育的影响机制,通过腹腔注射6-羟多巴胺使交感神经阻断后,观察了小鼠妊娠前期胚胎早期发育和肥大细胞数量和型别的变化。结果显示,交感神经阻断后,不仅对胚胎早期发育有影响,使胚胎着床数降低64.4%,而且影响子宫内肥大细胞的数量及其型别分布。妊娠4d(E4)时肥大细胞数量明显升高(P<0.01),同时肥大细胞分型也有所变化,即黏膜型肥大细胞主要存在于胚胎着床前和着床后,结缔组织型肥大细胞没有明显差异,混合型肥大细胞主要存在于着床期间。这一结果表明,妊娠早期子宫肥大细胞数量与型别的变化可能是交感神经影响早期胚胎发育的途径之一。     

不同剂量6-羟多巴胺对大鼠子宫交感神经损毁情况及其对肥大细胞分布的影响

为研究6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)损毁大鼠子宫交感神经的剂量及其对子宫肥大细胞分布的影响,选取180~200日龄健康的性成熟Wistar雌性大鼠24只,随机分为对照组和处理组,处理组尾静脉注射25,50,100 mg/kg的6-OHDA。结果显示:按照一次性注射100mg/kg 6-OHDA的方法可以损毁支配子宫的交感神经,而50 mg/kg未能损毁子宫内膜固有层的神经。肥大细胞观察结果显示,其主要分布在内环、外纵肌之间的血管周围,随着6-OHDA剂量的不断加大,肥大细胞数量呈减少趋势,3个处理组对比差别显著,对照组略高于25 mg/kg组。血清中组织胺含量呈相反的变化趋势。结果表明,可采取一次性注射100mg/kg的6-OHDA来建立交感神经损毁模型,交感神经影响子宫内肥大细胞的分布,对于机体组织胺释放的调控不同于子宫。     

狮子的植物性神经解剖

狮子的植物性神经解剖王恩福（郑州牧业工程高等专科学校，河南４５００４５）植物性神经的解剖因其形态结构的特异性和生理机能的复杂性，而倍受人们的关注，作者对２头狮子的植物性神经进行了形态结构等方面的研究，为进一步研究野生动物的特异性提供一定的参考。１材料...     

Fibroleiomyoma in elephant uterus

The result of the histological diagnosis from postmortal investigation of the Indian elephant (Elephas maximus) uterus structure is presented in the current study. The rare anatomical finding showed altered nodular part from the uterus wall. Through conventional and histochemical staining neoplasmatic formations were determined and diagnosis Fibroleiomyoma was established, which should not be accepted as the prime cause for the animal's death.     

The postpartum uterus.

The cow is notable among the domestic species for the almost ubiquitous bacterial contamination of the uterine lumen after parturition and the high incidence of clinical uterine disease. Such uterine disease not only disrupts uterine tissues, but also ovarian follicle growth and function by perturbation of the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary. Other events such as the postpartum negative energy balance also have similar multilevel effects on postpartum endocrinology. Return of ovarian cyclical activity is dependent on the innate immune system resolving uterine bacterial contamination,prompt uterine involution, and a short interval to the negative energy balance nadir. Although the risk factors for uterine disease have been described, preventive strategies are not widely adopted. Thus, veterinarians must identify and treat uterine disease efficiently to limit their negative effect on fertility.     

Prolapsed uterus in the cow

Abstract

Extract

Sir,—In his clinical communication on reposition of the prolapsed uterus in the cow, Irvine (1964) Irvine, C. H. G. 1964. N.Z. vet. J., 12: 63–63. [Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar] stated that he “believes that the intestine is contained in all but the smallest prolapses“.     

Histogenesis of the ovine uterus

Reproductive tracts from fetal (d 55 to 150) and neonatal (d 9 to 3 mo) lambs were examined by light microscopy in order to describe ovine uterine histogenesis. Morphologically, d-55 and -60 fetal uteri were bipartite, though characteristic external cornual morphology was not apparent until d 100 to 110. Histologically, lumina of d-55 and -60 fetal uteri were tubular and smooth with no indication of caruncular or glandular areas. In d-90 to -100 fetal uteri, luminal clefts were visible along the mucosal surface and a band of eosinophilic, elongated, smooth muscle-like cells was distinguishable. By d 100 to 110, nodular and internodular areas were clearly defined as luminal clefts deepened. Expansion of deep internodular areas, parallel to the luminal nodular surface, progressed in fetal uteri from d 118 to 150. Slight invaginations along deep internodular areas were visible in d-135 fetal uteri and were regular features of d-150 fetal uteri. In contrast, shallow, slightly coiled simple tubular glands were visible in the endometrium of internodular (intercaruncular) areas in a d-9 neonatal uterus. Older neonatal uteri (d 26 to 3 mo) contained coiled tubular glands which extended to the myometrium. Data indicate a systematic pattern of ovine uterine histogenesis involving dynamic morphogenetic alterations, especially between d 80 to 130 of fetal life. The observation that uterine glands were absent in fetal uteri but present in neonatal uteri suggests that glandular induction must occur during the periparturiet/neonatal period.