水稻强化栽培（SRI）对农业的增产增效和对环境的改善作用

水稻强化栽培是一种新型的栽培技术,具有明显增加产量和减少投入的作用．其推广应用对传统的农业生产产生了重要的影响。     

SRI技术本土化研究

水稻强化栽培技术体系(System of Rice Intensification,简称SRI)被认为是一种能够帮助水稻品种真正发挥其生物学潜力、遗传学潜力进而增产并节约生产成本,保障粮食安全,保护生态环境的一种栽培丁之术体系。但在我国不同生态地区应用有一个技术本土化的过程,以筛选适宜超级杂交稻组合为突破口,研究适宜栽插密度与方式、控制无效分蘖提高成穗率、人工除草与化除相结合、覆盖“旱润”高效节水灌溉、有机肥与无机肥结合的关键技术,并与不同季节茬口的适宜耕作技术有机结合,形成我国特色的水稻强化栽培技术体系．     

水稻强化栽培增产机理及其关键技术

2003—2004年在温州市开展了水稻强化栽培多点试验示范,强化栽培平均比常规栽培增产10.8%。早发优势明显、植株生长强健、每穗粒数多是强化栽培增产的基础。据此提出了强化栽培的主要技术措施。     

水稻强化栽培技术在台州单季水稻上的应用

水稻强化栽培(SRI)技术可改善稻株个体生长环境,充分挖掘个体生产潜力,植株发根力强,分蘖优势明显,且穗形大,能获得较大幅度增产。SRI还能降低育秧成本,节省灌溉用水(一般节水30%~40%)。介绍了SRI在台州单季水稻上的应用效果及其技术要点。     

仙居县水稻强化栽培技术（SRI）试验示范结果初报

水稻强化栽培技术是一种高产高效栽培方法。为探索SRI在仙居县的适用性和增产潜力,2003年我们在横溪镇下陈村建立了一个面积为6．67hm^2的杂交籼稻粤优938 SRI示范方,并在该示范方内和白塔镇高迁村设置了水稻强化栽培秧龄、移栽密度、氮化肥用量及品种对比等4项试验。示范方前作以绿肥为主。     

SRI及其在浙江的应用前景

一、SRI的基本含义与特征SRI,即水稻强化栽培体系 (SystemofRiceIntensifi cation),是1983年由Henridelaulanie神父在马达加斯加提出的一种水稻高产高效栽培法。SRI的基本观点是 :为使稻株产量更高 ,每株必须有更多的分蘖、更多的有效穗 ,每穗有更多的粒数、更大的籽粒。为了使     

Effect of SRI methods on water use,NPS pollution discharge,and GHG emission in Korean trials

Paddy and Water Environment - A field experiment with a locally-bred Japonica rice cultivar was conducted in 2011 to measure the effect of paddy irrigation management in Korea on rice yield, water...     

水稻强化栽培体系

水稻强化栽培体系（SRI0是一种新的高产栽培方法，首先在马达加斯加提出和应用，取得了成倍的增产效果，近年来，在印尼、菲律宾等国以及我国都在进行试验，初步显示了较大的增产潜力。对SRI这一新的栽培体系的主要方面作了简要介绍。     

强化栽培技术（SRI）在常规早籼稻上应用效果初探

2006～2007年试验结果表明,常规早籼稻应用水稻强化栽培技术能明显增强个体生长优势,促进大穗形成、单株最高分蘖及成穗数和每穗粒数大幅度增加;在推迟播种、插栽丛数和基本苗比常规栽培减少35．7％～57．2％。N02T,单产虽因有效穗减少而减产,但只减产1．1％～7．1％。     

Technical adaptations for mechanized SRI production to achieve water saving and increased profitability in Punjab, Pakistan

Even in a country with a large population and rapid population growth, there can be labor shortages in the agricultural sector, because of outmigration of the able-bodied work force. The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is not necessarily more labor-intensive once the methods have been learned, but the initial labor requirements can be a barrier to adoption, and farmers with large land areas cannot find the labor needed to use these more productive methods. Recognizing this problem, a set of agricultural implements have been designed for mechanizing the operations of SRI, with a view to reducing water requirements as well as labor requirements because the current conditions for agricultural production in the Punjab region of Pakistan include water scarcity and poor water quality as well as labor shortages. This article reports on the process of mechanizing SRI production in Punjab, which has been quite successful so far. Average yield is considerably increased with a 70% reduction in water requirements and a similar reduction in labor needs. The machinery and methods have been further adapted to other crops, being grown on permanent-raised beds, so that SRI with organic fertilization is combined with Conservation Agriculture. This combination is referred to as “paradoxical agriculture” because it enables farmers to achieve higher outputs with reduced inputs.     

SRI在单季晚稻上的应用效果

水稻强化栽培技术体系(SRI)是20世纪80年代起源于马达加斯加的一种水稻高产高效栽培法。该栽培法的核心是：采取幼苗早栽、单本稀植、无水层湿润灌溉、增施有机肥等关键技术措施,强化稻株个体生长环境,强壮根系促进分蘖,充分挖掘个体生产潜力,从而达到大幅度提高产量的目的。2002年组织嘉兴、开化、淳安等地进行大区对比和大田观     

水稻强化栽培体系的形成与发展

水稻矮秆品种和杂交稻及其相应的栽培技术配套使全球水稻单产稳步提高。由于这些技术基于大量化肥、除草剂、杀虫杀菌剂的应用基础上发展起来 ,加上水稻水层灌溉 ,使得近几十年来也发现水稻产量下降、病虫危害加剧、资源利用率低、环境污染、生产效益下降等不良现象 ,这严重限制了水稻可持续发展 ,并已引起国际社会的普遍关注。近十年来 ,马达加斯加在发达国家的支持下发展了一种新型的水稻强化栽培技术 ,并在生产上应用 ,取得了较好的效果 ,值得我们借鉴。本文概述了水稻强化栽培技术体系的形成与发展。一、水稻强化栽培体系起源于马达加斯…     

糯稻高产强化栽培技术增产效果及效益分析

春江糯2号是由中国水稻研究所育成的中熟晚粳糯新品种,2002年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种分蘖力较强、植株生长量大、茎秆粗壮、穗大粒多、耐肥抗倒、抗稻瘟病、产量高、适应性广、糯性好,适用于制作黄酒,因此其稻谷价格较高。但由于栽培技术不配套,该品种的产量潜力没有得到很好的发挥。为此我们研发了与该品种类型相适应的水稻强化栽培技术。春江糯2号的水稻强化栽培技术在玉环县大面积示范获得了显著的增产效果和经济效益。     

水稻强化栽培对植株生理与群体发育的影响

以粳稻品种武香粳9号为材料,研究了SRI（system of rice intensification）下植株生理特性、群体发育特点及高产栽培技术。结果表明,在SRI方式下,水稻根系活力增强,叶片可溶性糖、非蛋白氮、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量增加,营养器官的物质转运率提高,群体质量明显改善;但群体茎蘖数和穗数不足,限制了SRI的产量。在SRI条件下,双本栽插能显著提高水稻群体茎蘖数,改善营养器官物质的运转和群体质量,有助于提高SRI的产量;增施氮肥在提高水稻群体茎蘖数的同时降低了营养器官物质的转运,因此不宜过分依赖增加氮肥来提高SRI的产量。     

麦秸全量还田塑盘摆秧水稻超高产栽培技术研究

通过对麦秸旋耕全量还田塑盘摆秧稻作技术的试验、示范研究表明,该技术如果采用多种配套措施强化栽培,可实现麦秸全量还田的同时获得水稻高产。该技术在秸秆旋耕全量还田、麦秸野外禁烧、土壤持续培肥、节水灌溉、挖掘水稻品种产量潜力等方面均具有重要的现实意义。     

杂交粳稻强化栽培不同秧龄试验初报

针对杂交粳稻成为诸暨市单季晚稻主栽品种的实际，开展了杂交粳稻强化栽培不同秧龄试验。结果显示，杂交粳稻强化栽培高产移栽秧龄以15～20天为佳，超过25天要明显影响产量。     

Feasibility of SRI methods for reduction of irrigation and NPS pollution in Korea

An experimental study on the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) methods was conducted to investigate the feasibility of using them to conserve irrigation water and reduce non-point source (NPS) pollution in Korea. Eight experimental runoff plots were prepared at an existing paddy field. Runoff and water quality were measured during the 2010 growing season in which a Japonica rice variety was cultivated. The irrigation water requirements of SRI methods and conventional (CT) plots were 243.2 and 547.3 mm, respectively, meaning that SRI methods could save 55.6% of irrigation water. Runoff from SRI methods plots decreased 5–15% compared with that from CT plots. Average NPS pollutant concentrations in runoff from SRI methods plots during rainfall-runoff events were SS 89.4 mg/L, COD_Cr 26.1 mg/L, COD_Mn 7.5 mg/L, BOD 2.0 mg/L, TN 4.2 mg/L, and TP 0.4 mg/L. Except for COD_Cr and TN, these concentrations were significantly lower than those from CT plots. Measured pollution loads from SRI methods plots were SS 874 kg/ha, COD_Cr 199.5 kg/ha, COD_Mn 47 kg/ha, BOD 13 kg/ha, TN 36.9 kg/ha, and TP 2.92 kg/ha. These were 15.8–44.1% lower than those from CT plots. Rice plants grew better and healthier in SRI methods plots than in CT plots. However, rice production from SRI methods plots ranged between 76 and 92% of that of CT plots because the planting density in SRI methods plots was too low. It was concluded that SRI methods could be successfully adopted in Korea and could help save a significant amount of irrigation requirement in paddies and reduce NPS pollution discharge.     

两优培九稀直播强化栽培技术示范表现

简述了稀直播强化栽培技术及其在湖南安乡县两优培九"百亩片"示范效果.结果表明:两优培九采用稀直播强化栽培的群体结构合理,穗粒协调,结实率较高,产量高,平均产量9.45 t/hm2,高产丘块10.7 t/hm2;每公顷纯收入6 693元,成本收益率达96.79%.该技术具有轻型实用、经济效益高、高产稳产的特点,基本解决了水稻直播技术的出苗、除草、倒伏3大难题,适应中国水稻轻型化栽培的发展方向.     

Mild to prolonged stress increased rice tillering and source-to-sink nutrient translocation under SRI management

System of rice intensification (SRI) is a water-saving agro-technique being popularized in Southern Asia including India. A particular key practice in SRI, reduced water application (no continuous flooding), needs to be more farmer-friendly for its mass adoption under traditional and non-traditional cultivation. A field experiment was conducted maintaining different water regimes throughout the crop season (vegetative as well as reproductive stages) by scheduling irrigation applications at 1, 3, or 5 days after disappearance of ponded water (DADPW), using two different plant spacings and two different varieties. With an increase in the period of water stress, tiller production was increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) and found to be maximum under prolonged stress, i.e., 5 days after disappearance of ponded water (5 DADPW). Increased tiller production did not result in yield increments, but yield-contributing parameters (panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, filled grain percentage, and test weight) were confirmed as critical determinants of yield. Plant nutrient (NPK) uptake was reduced under stress conditions, but the translocation of phosphorus and potassium from sources to sink was increased significantly in this study. Nutrient utilization efficiency was also enhanced under mild (3 DADPW) to prolonged (5 DADPW) water stress conditions. No significant reduction in yield was recorded under mild water stress, and this resulted in increased water productivity; however, significant yield loss was observed under prolonged water stress (5 DADPW).