10个玉米群体配合力效应和杂优组合模式评价

1225个主要玉米自交系为测验种,采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,对10个热带、亚热带、温带玉米种质群体的配合力效应、杂种优势及利用潜力进行评价。结果表明,墨黄1号、Suwan-1、新墨1号、豫综5号、辽旅综等5个群体有较高的产量一般配合力,是适合本地利用的优良种质,具有较大的利用潜力。在10个群体与测验种的50个杂交组合中,CML161x辽旅综（热×温型）、CML165x新墨1号（热×热型）、5公xSuwan-1（温X热型）、双M9x辽旅综（热X温型）、CML165x墨黄1号（热X热型）等5个组合的SCA值较大、产量高、对照优势大,在育种中可用于构建杂种优势模式,获得优良品种或组合。     

10个玉米自交系配合力效应和杂优组合模式评价

【目的】为新选育玉米自交系的利用和新组合测配提供依据。【方法】以柳州市农业科学研究所选育的10个玉米自交系为试验材料,采用＂温带×热带、亚热带＂杂交模式,按不完全双列杂交配组,并对25个杂交组合进行农艺性状鉴定,随机区组设计,3次重复,分析玉米自交系主要农艺性状的配合力效应。【结果】杂交组合在产量、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、百粒重和出籽率等性状的差异达显著或极显著水平。父本产量GCA值大小顺序为：柳5112〉柳5115〉柳2006〉柳2106〉柳5108,母本为：柳4073〉柳4075〉柳407〉柳4209〉柳4206。杂交组合柳4075×柳5112、柳4073×柳5112、柳4073×柳2106等6个组合的SCA值远高于其他组合。【结论】自交系柳407、柳4073、柳5112、柳5115的GCA效应值比较高,其组配的杂交种在产量、穗长、行粒数等性状上具有明显优势,具有较好的杂种优势利用潜力。     

Immunoglobulin M: local synthesis and selective secretion in patients with immunoglobulin A deficiency

Local synthesis seems to be decisive for the selective secretion of 19S immunoglobulin M into parotid secretions. The "transport piece" is apparently not involved in the secretion of immunoglobulin M, for there is no association between the two components. The possible significance of the normal association of transport piece with secreted immunoglobulin A remains to be clarified.     

10个玉米自交系主要农艺性状配合力分析

选用10个自选优质蛋白玉米自交系,按GriffingⅣ双列杂交模式组配成45个单交组合,通过对F1代的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、籽行数、穗粒数、单株产量、百粒重和出籽率进行配合力分析,结果表明:9903、9904和9902具有较高穗部性状和产量性状GCA效应优势,有较大的利用价值;9901有较优产量性状优势,可与具有较优穗位性状自交系互补利用;综合性状最差的自交系为3346和2601,需进一步改良方可利用;其余自交系可根据育种目标有目的地选择利用。     

Introduction of nucleophiles and spectroscopic probes into antibody combining sites

A general chemical strategy has been developed whereby antibody combining sites can be selectively derivatized with natural or synthetic molecules, such as catalytic groups, drugs, metals, or reporter molecules. Cleavable affinity labels were used to selectively introduce a thiol into the combining site of the immunoglobulin A MOPC 315. This thiol acted both as a nucleophile to accelerate ester thiolysis 60,000-fold and as a handle for selectively derivatizing the antibody with additional functional groups. For example, derivatization of the antibody with a fluorophore made possible a direct spectroscopic assay of antibody-ligand complexation. This chemistry should not only extend our ability to exploit antibody specificity in chemical catalysis, diagnostics, and therapeutics, but may also prove generally applicable to the functional modification of other proteins for which detailed structural information is unavailable.     

10个热带玉米自交系产量配合力遗传效应分析

利用从CIMMYT引进和自育的10个热带、亚热带玉米自交系,按GriffingD4模型进行双列杂交,组配成45个杂交组合。通过对这些双列杂交组合的产量进行一般配合力和特殊配合力效应分析,结果表明:10个热带自交系的一般配合力效应和特殊配合力效应都存在极显著差异;一般配合力效应值依次为CI23>619-130>DK7-6>CI18=CI15>CML161>DK7-8>CI41>双M9>CI45;特殊配合力方差依次为DK7-8>双M9>CML161>CI41>CI18>619-130>CI45>CI15>DK7-6>CI23;619-130既有较高的一般配合力效应,又有较大的特殊配合力方差,是比较理想的自交系;杂种优势最强的组合是CI23×619-130、CML161×619-130,说明利用"热带自交系×热带自交系"杂交模式能够筛选出具有较强杂种优势的玉米杂交新品种。     

Immunoglobulin M: fixation of human complement by the Fc fragment

The Fc fragment [(Fc)(5)micro with a molecular weight of 342,000] of human immunoglobulin M from patients with Waldenstr?m's macroglobulinemia has a complement fixing ability approximately 19 times greater on a molar basis than that of the parent immunoglobulin M. This fragment, which occurs naturally as a pentamer fixes human but not guinea pig complement, and this activity remains unchanged even after the fragment is reduced to the monomeric form.     

Immunoglobulin M allotypes of the rabbit: identification of a second specificity

Rabbit antiserums, originally prepared to react specifically with rabbit immunoglobulin allotypes Ab5 and Ab6, also react with some normal rabbit serums that clearly do not contain Ab5 or Ab6 allotypes. This reaction is due to antigenic specificity present on rabbit immunoglobulin M(IgM) and not on rabbit immunoglobulin G.Serums that contain this IgM allotype do not react with an antiserum that reacts with the known rabbit IgM allotype, Ms1. This specificity may therefore be identified as a second rabbit IgM allotype, Ms2.     

Immunoglobulin M heavy chain disease: intracellular origin of the mu chain fragment

Cells obtained from a patient with mu heavy chain disease synthesize a mu heavy chain fragment with a molecular weight of 55,000. The fragment is detected intracellularly after short labeling times and then is assembled inside the cell and secreted as a disulfide-linked polymer.     

Immunoglobulin M and secretory immunoglobulin A: presence of a common polypeptide chain different from light chains

Unique polypeptide chains have been isolated from S-sulfonated light-chain fractions of human serum immunoglobulin M and colostral immunoglobulin A. Their electrophoretic mobilities, molecular weights, peptide maps, amino acid compositions, and antigenic determinants are very similar or perhaps identical but differ from those of light chains and secretory piece.     

鹅源新城疫病毒M基因的原核表达及其多克隆抗体制备

试验旨在制备原核表达鹅源新城疫病毒(NDV)JS/5/05/Go株M蛋白的多克隆抗体并进行鉴定。以鹅源NDV总RNA为模板,RT-PCR扩增M基因,亚克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)获得重组质粒pET32a-M,转化E.coli BL21(DE3)菌株进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳检测表达产物;用KCl染色切胶纯化法纯化重组蛋白;采用切胶免疫小鼠的方法制备M蛋白多克隆抗体,抗体效价用间接ELISA检测,特异性用Western blot和间接免疫荧光法鉴定。结果表明,在大肠杆菌中成功表达了分子量约为55 000的重组蛋白,用切胶纯化法获得了纯度较高的重组蛋白;ELISA法检测抗体效价可达1∶102 400,Western blot和间接免疫荧光试验结果表明制备的多克隆抗体能够特异性识别纯化的M蛋白及NDV自身表达的M蛋白。     

Natural human antibodies to gram-negative bacteria: immunoglobulins G, A, and M

Significant amounts of immunoglobulins G and M, and a small amount of natural antibodies reactive with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli, have been detected in human adult serums by imnmunofluorescent techniques. Umbilical cord serums also contained substantial immunoglobulin-G antibody but little or no M or A. These findings challenge the concept that natural antibodies reactive with Gram-negative bacteria are primarily of the immunoglobulin-M class.     

浅谈结合经营服务开展思想政治工作

政治是经济工作和其他一切工作的生命线，开展思想政治工作，必须与生产经营服务相结合。介绍了结合经营服务开展思想政治工作的重要性和必要性，并总结了一些具体的做法。     

Controlling chemical reactivity with antibodies

The remarkable specificity of an antibody molecule has been used to accomplish highly selective functional group transformations not attainable by current chemical methods. An antibody raised against an amine-oxide hapten catalyzes the reduction of a diketone to a hydroxyketone with greater than 75:1 regioselectivity for one of two nearly equivalent ketone moieties. The antibody-catalyzed reaction is highly stereoselective, affording the hydroxyketone in high enantiomeric excess. Similarly, the reduction of ketones containing branched and aryl substituents, including the highly symmetrical 1-nitrophenyl-3-phenyl-2-propanone, was enantioselective. The simple strategy presented herein may find general applicability to the regio- and stereoselective reduction of a broad range of compounds.     

水稻重离子诱变早熟突变体M85S特征特性及配合力遗传力分析

为了利用水稻光温敏核不育系重离子诱变早熟突变体M85S的潜在育种价值,对水稻光温敏核不育系早熟突变体M85S的特征特性及其所配组的F_1代产量构成性状体现的配合力及遗传力进行分析。利用2个光温敏水稻不育系和8个恢复系按2×8不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)设计配组,对亲本配合力及遗传力进行分析,结果表明,12个农艺性状及产量相关性状区组间差异不显著,组合间差异极显著,说明组合间存在真实的遗传差异,12个性状的遗传受基因加性效应和非加性效应的共同影响,遗传关系复杂。M85S播始历期一般配合力的相对效应值为负值(-2.40%),单株产量一般配合力的相对效应值为正(0.18%),表现为正效应。播始历期、有效穗数、一次枝梗数、穗长、千粒重和粒长的群体一般配合力方差占绝对高的比例,基因的遗传效应占主导作用;株高、总粒数、实粒数和单株产量的群体特殊配合力方差占绝对高的比例,环境效应占主导作用。12个性状的广义遗传力从大到小依次为:粒长播始历期千粒重总粒数穗长实粒数粒宽一次枝梗数有效穗数单株产量结实率株高。综合两个条件,在试验中所组配的16个杂交F_1代中,根据各性状的特殊配合力与一般配合力可知,M85S/创香5号与M85S/航恢1179两个组合较符合早熟与丰产的要求,可见M85S是水稻育种中具有较高应用价值的早熟种质资源,可从遗传上间接协调早熟与丰产矛盾。     

热风—微波联合干燥油茶籽的工艺研究

[目的]研究油茶籽的热风—微波联合干燥工艺,寻找一种干燥效率高、茶油品质好的干燥方式,为茶油生产提供科学依据.[方法]采用主成分分析法和正交试验优化不同热风温度、转换点水含量和微波功率密度下油茶籽的热风—微波联合干燥工艺,并对比不同干燥方式(自然、热风、微波、热风—微波联合)对油茶籽干燥时间、出油率及所得茶油的理化指标、功能营养成分和脂肪酸组成的影响.[结果]热风—微波联合干燥最佳工艺条件为:热风温度40℃、转换点水含量35%、微波功率密度1.50 W/g,3个因素的影响主次顺序为:微波功率密度>转换点水含量>热风温度..热风—微波联合干燥的干燥时间仅长于微波干燥,为293 min,其出油率最高,为42.09%;4种干燥方式制得茶油的理化指标和功能营养成分的综合评分为:热风—微波联合干燥>热风干燥>微波干燥>自然干燥;4种干燥方式对茶油脂肪酸组成及含量的影响较小,棕榈酸含量均在11.0%左右,油酸含量在80.1%~81.1%.[结论]采用热风—微波联合干燥油茶籽,既能缩短干燥时间、提高出油率,又能保证茶油品质,是一种适合产业化利用的油茶籽干燥方式.     

Antibodies that react with predetermined sites on proteins

Contrary to previous predictions, relatively short synthetic peptides that mimic part of a protein sequence are routinely capable of eliciting an antiserum that reacts with the partially mimicked protein. Peptides capable of eliciting protein-reactive serums are frequently represented in the primary sequence of a protein, can be characterized by a set of simple chemical rules, and are confined neither to immunodominant regions of intact proteins nor to the amino or carboxyl terminals. As such, synthetic peptide immunogens are valuable for eliciting reagents with predetermined specificity that can be used for basic research. In addition, some synthetic peptides are capable of mimicking regions of virus proteins and eliciting immune responses in animals that are protective against the viral agents. Such peptides may thus serve as the basis for safe, chemically defined synthetic vaccines.     

甘蔗野生血缘云瑞创新亲本的遗传力及配合力分析

利用含甘蔗野生血缘的云瑞2013系列创新亲本间相互杂交的68个组合及双对照,分析组合后代的9个主要农艺性状的遗传效应。结果表明：云瑞创新亲本及组合对后代的影响均达到极显著水平;所用亲本的遗传力表现明显不同,锤度、株高、茎径、丛有效茎、单茎重5个性状在组合、父本和母本中的遗传力均大于50%;一般配合力表现优异的材料有作为母本的云瑞09–928、云瑞05–628、云瑞10–559、云瑞10–648 ,云瑞09–525等超过双对照的21个材料和作为父本的云瑞05–458、云瑞06–4337、云瑞05–785、云瑞05–160 ,云瑞05–770等17个材料;特殊配合力表现较好的有高产、高糖型组合云瑞09–928×云瑞05–285、云瑞05–628×云瑞06–4337、云瑞10–559×云瑞05–271、云瑞09–772×云瑞05–207、云瑞10–648×云瑞05–785等28个组合,高产型组合云瑞07–3082×云瑞05–407、云瑞08–954×云瑞05–207、云瑞10–896×云瑞05–207、云瑞06–4679×云瑞10–915、云瑞10–291×云瑞08–1287,高糖型组合云瑞09–754×云瑞05–285、云瑞05–785×云瑞07–1226。     

结合分数阶微分和异常值识别的土壤有机质高光谱反演研究

【目的 】结合分数阶微分和异常值识别,提高土壤有机质模型反演精度,实现土壤有机质含量的快速、准确估计。【方法 】文章以吉林省伊通县黑土区为研究区,基于实地采集的213个土壤样本和HyMap-C机载高光谱传感器获取高光谱影像,选择S-G函数和分数阶微分进行光谱预处理,竞争性自适应重加权采样（Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling,CARS）提取特征波段建立土壤有机质含量偏最小二乘回归（Partial Least Squares Regression,PLSR）反演模型,并使用蒙特卡洛交叉验证（Monte Carlo Cross-Validation,MCCV）进行异常值识别。【结果 】（1）将分数阶微分用于机载高光谱可以放大光谱特征,阶数越高、特征越明显,低阶分数微分对噪音不敏感;（2） CARS方法能有效压缩光谱信息;全样本建模中0.4阶分数阶微分CARS-PLSR建模表现较优,但总体精度仍然不高;（3）使用MCCV剔除异常值后,0.6阶分数阶微分CARS-PLSR建立的土壤有机质含量反演模型精度最高,训练集和测试集的均方误差分别为0.219%...     

抗虫陆地棉配合力与杂种优势分析

采用不同来源的常规棉、抗虫棉,按照4×7的NCⅡ设计组配不完全双列杂交得到28个杂交组合,通过2年重复试验,分析F1、F2产量和纤维品质的杂种优势和配合力。结果表明:产量和品质性状广义遗传力和狭义遗传力大多比较低,但衣分的广义遗传力可达92.16%;狭义遗传力大于54.64%的性状为衣分、衣指、断裂比强度和籽指,部分性状的F2狭义遗传力高于F1代。供试组合F1和F2的中亲优势和高亲优势主要表现在产量上;所研究的性状中,F1以皮棉产量竞争优势、中亲优势和超亲优势最高,平均值分别为11.31%、34.17%和13.33%;组合P4/P7(鄂抗棉12/5H303)的皮棉产量比竞争对照邯284增产27.4%。F2杂种优势依然部分存在,但大多性状比F1优势都有衰退。F1籽棉和皮棉产量较优的特殊配合力组合为P4/P7(鄂抗棉12/5H303)、F2籽棉和皮棉产量较优的特殊配合力组合为P4/P10(鄂抗棉12/5H335)、P1/P11(611/5H336)。产量性状一般配合力好的抗虫棉亲本是P8(5H309)、P5(5H181);品质性状一般配合力好的亲本是P1(611),P2(05-5317)和P4(鄂抗棉12)。优选亲本配组可以指导抗虫杂交棉的选育,获得具竞争优势的抗虫杂交棉品种。