冷季型草坪建植与养护技术

通过近几年在铜仁栽培冷季型草坪的试验,对冷季型草坪建植与养护技术进行分析总结,探讨了冷季型草坪栽培的技术要点,以期对铜仁草坪建植管理提供参考。     

冷季型草坪的建植及养护

冷季型草坪的建植与养护管理,应从播种时开始直至成坪后,采取一系列的必要措施。主要包括草种的选择、土壤处理、播种、浇水、修剪、施肥、病虫害防治、更新复壮等。     

简述冷季型草坪的建植与养护

我国是工业型国家,大部分城市的工业建设比较发达,这就不可避免的带来众多的生态问题,尤其是雾霾和扬尘等恶劣天气还严重威胁着城市居民的健康.为了解决这种不良生态问题,加强城市的绿化,本文就北方城市种植的冷季型草坪问题展开分析,针对其在发展中存在的问题提出了相应的种植和养护措施,以便提高城市绿化的质量,希望可以对园林工作者提...     

北方地区冷季型草坪的建植与养护管理

笔者立足北方地区冬季气候干燥寒冷的实际,从场地准备、草坪建植、成坪养护管理、防止草坪退化4个方面,提出切实可行的冷季型草坪的建植与养护管理技术措施,以指导北方地区的草坪种植和生产。     

贵州地区冷季型草坪草的建植及管理技术

草坪是城乡园林绿化的重要组成部分 ,它能绿化大地 ,保持水土、净化空气、减少和降低噪音 ,使人们身心更健康 ,更舒适。冷季型草坪草是贵州地区最适宜的栽培草种 ,近几年来在贵州种植较多 ,但由于选种单一 ,播种量过大 ,整地方法不当等 ,从而使草坪适应性差 ,抗病力弱 ,青绿期短 ,且投资大。因此 ,筛选适应性广 ,抗逆性强 ,青绿期长 ,观赏价值高的草坪草种 ,以及探索经济实用的草坪建植管理技术有着重要意义。1　试验概况试验于 1 998年～ 2 0 0 1年在本所试验场进行。试验建植面积 1 90 0ｍ2 。建植地地势平坦 ,海拔 970ｍ ,年均温度 1 5℃…     

草坪的建植与养护

本文结合我国的自然条件,对草坪的建植、养护过程中草种选择、坪床准备、播种及期间管理等环节的具体步骤和相关事项进行了阐述。     

浅谈冷季型草坪养护的技术要点

<正>草坪在建植后,怎样才能更好地做好草坪的养护管理工作是摆在我们园林工作人员肩上的一项重任,特别在我国的北方地区这项工作更加突出。那么如何才能更好地做好草坪的建植后管理工作,下面我从以下几个方面浅显的交流一下。1使用多元草种混播组合     

浅谈草坪的建植与养护

在园林绿化工程中,草坪不仅是布局上的良好材料,同时也发挥着很好的生态作用。当一些位置较为特殊或特定条件下,用其它布置方式都不太合适时.用草坪布置就可以做权宜之计,这就是草坪在布局以外其他方面的应用。本文对草坪的建植与养护进行了分析。     

冷季型草坪养护管理技术

冷季型草坪是一种广泛应用于北方园林绿化的观赏性草坪,它以绿期长、耐寒而深受人们喜爱。草坪管理工作对草坪的寿命、质量至关重要。笔者结合多年草坪养护管理经验,从修剪、灌溉、施肥、杂草及病虫害防治等方面阐述冷季型草坪养护管理技术。     

浅谈沈阳市草坪建植与养护

草坪已成为城市绿化美化的重要组成部分,草坪繁育与养护管理直接影响草坪的质量与效果。本文作者对沈阳市市政府广场、沈阳世博园等多个绿化项目施工过程中,实际应用的草坪种植和养护进行了一定的研究、分析和对比,对沈阳市草坪建植与养护做出了如下的论述。     

昆钢冷季型草坪枯死原因分析及养护措施

通过对昆钢草坪管护状况进行调查,分析昆钢冷季型草坪枯死的原因及养护中存在问题,并提出养护的措施和方法。     

Seasonal nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in urban agriculture: Dominance of non-growing season losses in a Southern Swedish case study

Urban agriculture, as most agriculture, can potentially contribute to eutrophication via losses to ground and surface water. Few published studies have empirically measured nitrogen and phosphorus losses (including leaching) from urban agriculture, and even fewer have examined losses in real-world settings throughout the year. Here we investigated year-round (May 2020–2021) weekly nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from allotment gardens in Linköping, southern Sweden. We installed eight lysimeters (8 plots) and collected water 0.3 m below the soil surface in four gardens (2 plots per garden), each with their own gardening practices (organic fertilizers, irrigation, and crops). The gardens exhibited large nutrient leaching per area cultivated compared to observed nutrient leachate in rural agriculture in similar climates. There was a large variability among studied plots, where nitrogen leaching reached 39–191 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ and phosphorus 0.9–2.4 kg ha⁻² y⁻¹. Importantly, the non-growing season, especially snowmelt, was a key period for leaching. Most of the nitrogen (78–91 %) and phosphorus (45–97 %) leaching occurred from November to April when the soil was bare, suggesting that mineralization of organic matter was important. Three of the gardens received high amounts of organic fertilizers, though no clear relation between inputs and leaching could be discerned. One plot deviated from the pattern, with less than 40 % of the nutrient leaching occurring in the non-growing season. This gardener had a fine net covering the plot to deter insects. This protected from precipitation as the water volume collected was the lowest, with only 26 % collected in the non-growing season, and nitrogen leaching was also the lowest. Our results illustrate that additional monitoring studies should occur year-round and in several gardens to account for high temporal and spatial heterogeneity and avoid under-estimating leaching losses from urban agriculture. Providing guidance on fertilization, irrigation, and soil covering may be a way to minimize leaching.     

四川攀西胡颓子属植物资源调查研究

2005～2011年在攀枝花市16个县市对胡颓子属植物资源进行了野外实地调查、采集标本、室内解剖观察、种类鉴定,并结合查阅标本室内的植物标本和相关资料进行了研究。结果表明:攀西地区有胡颓子属植物10种、1个亚种和1个变种,主要生长在海拔750～3 100m的范围内,广泛分布于攀枝花和凉山州各县、市。在野外调查的基础上,研究了攀西地区胡颓子属植物资源的种类、形态、生境、分布和综合利用价值,并为开发利用及保护提出了建议。     

Yield stability of peach germplasm differing in dormancy and blooming season in the Mexican subtropics

Peach cultivation in Mexico has recently extended to subtropical climates to reduce drought, but in many areas winter frosts are a strong limiting factor. Information about the behavior of a wide range of peach accessions during dormancy and bud-break was collected over a 4-year period in the most important peach growing region in the subtropical highlands of central Mexico where winter frosts are common. Observations were made on 33 peach accessions (local, introduced and hybrids between both groups). Differences in fruit set among peach genotypes which were related to sensitivity to enter rest (SER), time of blooming, duration of blooming, bud density (BD) and flower density (FD). The latter were generally related, however, bud to flower ratios and yields were low for materials that were very late blooming. Selections such as San Juan, Fred, 17-1, and 24-1, were based on mid to late-bloom, high and stable yielding. SER, BD and FD values and BD:FD ratios, should be included as important breeding goals to provide more stability of peach production in the subtropical highlands.     

果树盆景生长季温光水肥管理的关键技术

总结了适宜果树盆景规模化生产的温度、光照、水份和肥料的管理技术。     

樟树北移耐寒性与形态特征的相关性研究

为了确定樟树北移的区域和耐寒樟树的选择,对黄淮地区引种樟树的现状进行了调查。结果表明:樟树的耐寒性与其形态特征特别是容易辨别的叶片和枝的形态特征有密切的相关性,并首次提出了樟树在北移地区选育时一定要选叶片主脉和侧脉在叶面上凸起叶背不明显为特征作为育种的依据之一。据此,将北移樟树分出了4个种(香樟、猴樟、油樟、黄樟)和9个类型(香樟的黄绿叶型、绿叶型、寒樟801(暂用名);油樟的大叶灰褐色皮型、大叶黄褐色皮型、大叶稀枝型、小叶红枝型、小叶绿枝型、小枝紫枝型)。按气候条件划分出了3个北移区域(淮河北移区、黄河北移区、海河北移区),不同的区域选择的香樟种和类型应有所不同。     

Influence of nitrogen form,growing season and sulfur fertilization on yield and the content of nitrate and vitamin C of broccoli

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) sources, sulfur (S) and growing seasons on yield and the content of nitrate and vitamin C of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. spp. Italica). Three N fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and urea) were side-dressed while two levels of sulfur (0.0 and 0.5%) were sprayed on broccoli plants grown in both spring and fall-winter seasons. Here, we report on the interaction between N-source and S supply, yield, and nitrate content and discuss the relevance of this interaction in relation to crop-management strategies under different growing seasons. In the fall-winter season, broccoli yield of “Sultan F1”, “Majestic F1” and “Marathon F1” were 21.23%, 128.52% and 88.53% higher than spring season. Furthermore, S application increased the yield by 9% average over growing seasons, cultivars and N-forms. Also, application of urea as N-source decreased the yield by approximately 13–15% than other N-sources. High curd nitrate accumulation was attributed with spring season and “Marathon F1”, however, less accumulation was found in fall-winter season and “Majestic F1”. Fertilizers containing N forms that not ready available to the crop, i.e. ammonium sulfate and urea, decreased nitrate than fast N-release fertilizer (ammonium nitrate), but their effect on the yield was different. Highest yield with low content of nitrate was achieved when ammonium sulfate combined with sulfur were used during fall-winter season, especially in cv. “Marathon F1”. N-source and sulfur application had no effect on vitamin C, conversely, it was affected by growing season and tested genotypes. Therefore, additions of ammonium sulfate and sulfur application in the field of broccoli were essential to produce higher yield with good quality curds that pose minimum health risk to human.     

高海拔冷凉地区菜用大豆的生长发育与栽培密度

在高海拔冷凉的青海西宁地区引种大豆品种东农４０，于５月４日播种，出苗７０天左右开始结荚，９０天单株荚果数达最多，１００天荚果大小定型，单株荚果鲜重达最大值，此时是采收菜用青荚的适宜时期。对种植密度研究结果，以６６７ｍ２栽４万株的青荚产量最高，达５５４．７ｋｇ，且菜用青荚品质也好。     

香菇采后预处理及气调保鲜技术研究

以香菇931为试材,研究了采后预处理及气调保鲜技术对香菇贮藏效果的影响。结果表明,在冷藏条件下,采后装塑料托盘并用热收缩膜包裹,及应用气调保鲜技术显著抑制了香菇感官品质、水分、蛋白质及总糖含量的下降,保鲜效果较好,其中气体成分CO2/O2为（10%~13%）（/2%~3%）时效果最好。     

Drivers of spontaneous and cultivated species diversity in the tropical city of Zhanjiang,China

Urban plant diversity influences the social functioning and well-being of urban dwellers. However, the patterns and drivers of plant diversity in tropical urban areas are still not entirely understood. In response to the knowledge deficiencies in this area, we investigated spontaneous and cultivated plant richness and their phylogenetic diversity and relatedness in 260 Urban Functional Units (UFUs), which represented nine different land use types according to anthropogenic function, in the tropical coastal city of Zhanjiang, China. Plant diversity was modelled as a function of UFU characteristics and human maintenance practices. Spontaneous species richness was highest in urban villages and vacant lands and lowest in transportation areas, while phylogenetic diversity was highest in utilities and lowest in parks. In comparison, cultivated species richness was highest in multi-family residential areas and lowest in vacant lands, while phylogenetic diversity of cultivated species was highest in commercial/industry areas and lowest in agriculture areas. The number of cultivated species and the degree of phylogenetic relatedness of spontaneous species were positively correlated with the human population density. The phylogenetic diversity of cultivated species within UFUs was generally higher than that of spontaneous species. Human maintenance of landscapes acted as an environmental filter for spontaneous species, but also promoted the number of cultivated plants. We conclude that appropriate investment in urban green areas may improve both plant species richness and phylogenetic diversity in urban environments.