柔性垫网接触式间歇干燥单板的中间试验

利用柔性垫网接触式间歇干燥单板的方法对毛白杨单板进行干燥。中间试验结果表明，此方法提高了单板干燥质量，生产工艺可行。     

杨木单板干燥试验研究

利用喷气式单板干燥实验装置,采用生产中常用的干燥条件对美洲黑杨Ｉ－６９,欧美杨Ｉ－７２,青杨组的青杨、小叶杨及甘肃杨、白杨组的新疆杨和河北杨等７种杨木,旋切厚度为１．０１ｍｍ和２．０２ｍｍ的单板进行了干燥试验,测试了单板的干燥时间和干缩率,利用辊筒式单板干燥机按相似条件对上述７种杨木单板进行干燥,观察并测试其干燥变形。结果表明：７种杨木单板的整个干燥过程为减速干燥,干燥速度曲线为近似抛物线;杨木板     

辊压连续式单板干燥机的设计

单板干燥机是单板及胶合板生产过程中的主要设备之一,单板干燥质量直接影响贴面板、胶合板产品质量。辊压连续式单板干燥机的设计,主要是利用国际上最新的加压接触式单板干燥技术,其主要工作原理是:单板在上下两条钢带的夹持下经过预热管的预热使钢带和单板温度趋于一致,而后进入干燥滚筒之间进行快速干燥。由于钢带与滚筒之间具有一定的压力,使单板在被夹持的状态下进行连续干燥,因此可以使干燥后的单板平整、含水率均匀,干燥质量和干燥效率得到很大提高;并且具有高温滚筒与湿单板直接接触传热,热效率高,热损失小,大大减少热能损耗的特点。     

6种桉木单板干燥质量的比较

采用辊筒式单板干燥机对尾巨桉、柳叶桉、巨桉、大花序桉、邓恩桉、粗皮桉6种桉木单板进行干燥试验研究,结果表明,树种对单板干燥质量具有极显著影响。从单板终含水率及均匀性看,粗皮桉、尾巨桉和大花序桉较好,邓恩桉干燥速率低,终含水率未达到单板干燥质量要求;从干燥后单板的开裂数量及延长度看,树种间差异不显著;从干燥后单板的翘曲程度看,柳叶桉、粗皮桉和邓恩桉质量较好;从单板干燥过程中节子脱落造成的孔洞增加数看,尾巨桉、邓恩桉和柳叶桉质量较好。总体来看,粗皮桉、尾巨桉、大花序桉和柳叶桉的单板干燥质量较好,可以满足胶合板生产质量要求,邓恩桉和巨桉单板干燥需要进一步研究。     

单板干燥过程的热力学研究进展

在胶合板和单板层积材的生产过程中,单板干燥是一个重要的步骤。为了系统理解和改进单板的干燥工艺,文中从单板干燥机在干燥过程中的能量分析以及单板在干燥过程中所发生的传热传质现象2个方面对单板干燥过程中的热力学现象进行了综述,明确这2方面的热力学分析可以优化单板干燥机能量的利用、提高单板的干燥质量,并对单板干燥过程的热力学分析领域今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

单板热压接触式干燥的发展与前景

本文介绍单板热压接触式干燥工艺的发展历程,与传统干燥方式相比的优越性,以及在我国的发展前景。     

速生杨木单板快速优质干燥的新方法——连续式热压干燥的研究

研究采用高温连续式热压干燥的方法，干燥速生杨木单板，并辅以适当的“呼吸”周期，可在２ｍｉｎ内将１．７ｍｍ厚的生材单板（初含水率１４９％）干至８％以下的终含水率。干单板平整，光滑，终含水率均匀，无撕裂。研究表明，此法干燥人工林速生杨木单板是一条高效、优质的途径。     

单板层积材用意杨厚单板制造中应注意的几个技术问题

利用意杨旋切厚单板易使单板背面裂隙度增大。从生产实际出发,对旋切角度参数、旋切安装位置、压尺的使用,以及旋动机磨损以后,如何保证单板层积材用意杨厚单板的旋切质量提出了解决措施。同时指出：为克服意杨厚单板干燥过程中的翘曲变形,宜采用两段干燥工艺。     

单板干燥机理及其影响因素研究进展

通过总结单板干燥方面的研究成果,分析了单板干燥理论、干燥工艺和单板特性对单板干燥的影响,以及单板干燥中的能源消耗,提出了单板干燥中存在的一些问题及建议.     

单板干燥热管换热器传热性能研究

对用于单板干燥余热回收的热管换热器换热特性与阻力特性进行了试验研究,结果表明,热管排数和风速对余热回收换热器的换热效率有显著影响,换热效率随热管排数的增加明显增加,随风速的增加明显下降,换热器每排管子的阻力损失随风速的增加而明显增加。热管换热器回收单板干燥排放尾气余热（75~80℃）的最佳设置为风速2.5 m/s、8排热管,此时换热效率达69.8%,可得到较好的节能效果。     

Productive test of a newly drying technology of veneer： intermittent-contact drying of veneer with flexible screen belt

A newly drying technology, intermittent-contact drying of veneer with flexible screen belt (ICD-fbs), was invented and used in poplar veneer drying. Productive test was carried out for validating the practical use of this drying method. The test result shows that to dispose flexible screen belts on the two sides of hot board could help steam discharge remarkably. The veneer dried using ICD-fsb method had smooth and level surface, less deformation and warping, even moisture content, and high utilization rate. The time for opening hot board to discharge steam,which, early or late, is a key to obtain good drying result, was determined at the time when the core‘s temperature of veneer reaches 100℃ (vaporization). Using ICD-fsb method, the shrinking rates in tangent of veneer were from 1.90% to 2.26% for veneer of 0.4 mm in thickness,2.49% to 4.50% for veneer of 1 mm in thickness and 1.34% to 3.30% for veneer of 1.7 mm in thickness, which are much lower than the results obtained by other drying methods. The method of ICD-fsb offers a reliable technological guarantee for solving the deformation problem of veneer drying, especially the deformation of wood from quick-growing plantation.     

装饰薄木窑干工艺的研究

介绍了一种简单、实用的薄木干燥方法，即用常规干燥窑干燥薄木的方法。采用这种方法，薄木含水率从54.82％干燥到17．54％需26h，干燥的薄木无变形、无破损，木材保持原有的天然色泽，设备投资低，干燥成本低，能够满足企业的生产需求。     

国产氧化锆高温湿度仪研制分析

本文对新研制成功的氧化锆高温湿度仪工作原理进行了分析,并以大量试验数据进行了论证。扼要介绍了该仪器的特点、研制中解决的部分技术问题及有关试验方法,并对该仪器在提高各类干燥设备热效率、节约能源方面的作用作了简明阐述。     

合理安装旋切刀与单板质量

单板旋切是人造板生产中最主要的工序之一，单板旋切质量直接影响人造板产品质量。影响旋切单板质量的因素很多(单板缺陷产生原因见表1)，除了旋切机的自身精度外，还有主要角度参量、切削速度、旋刀的……     

Prediction of the optimum veneer drying temperature for good bonding in plywood manufacturing by means of artificial neural network

Veneer drying is one of the most important stages in the manufacturing of veneer-based composites such as plywood and laminated veneer lumber. Due to the high drying costs, increased temperatures are being used commonly in plywood industry to reduce the overall drying time and increase capacity. However, high drying temperatures can alter some physical, mechanical and chemical characteristics of wood and cause some drying-related defects. In this study, it was attempted to predict the optimum drying temperature for beech and spruce veneers via artificial neural network modeling for optimum bonding. Therefore, bonding shear strength values of plywood panels manufactured from beech and spruce veneers dried at temperatures of 20, 110, 150 and 180 °C were obtained experimentally. Then, the intermediate bond strength values based on veneer drying temperatures were predicted by artificial neural network modeling, and the values not measured experimentally were evaluated. The optimum drying temperature values that yielded the highest bonding strength were obtained as 169 °C for urea formaldehyde and 125 °C for phenol formaldehyde adhesive in beech plywood panels, while 162 °C for urea formaldehyde and 151 °C for phenol formaldehyde in spruce plywood panels.     

Influence of veneer orientation on shape stability of plane laminated veneer products

One of the most important quality aspects of a laminated veneer product is its shape stability under changing relative humidity (RH). This study aimed to establish an understanding of how the orientation of individual veneers in the laminate, i.e., orientation according to fibre orientation and orientation of the loose (the side with ‘lathe checks’) or tight side of the veneer, affects the shape stability. Three-ply laminates from peeled veneers of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were studied. The four types of laminate were the following: loose sides of all veneers in the same direction (cross and parallel centre ply) and loose sides of the outer veneers facing inward (cross and parallel centre ply). Four replicates of each type yielded 16 samples. The samples were exposed to RH cycling at 20% and 85% RH at 20°C, and the shapes of the samples were determined. The shape stability was influenced by the veneer orientation. Laminations with the middle veneer perpendicular to the top and bottom veneer (cross-laminated) showed the best shape stability, especially when the loose sides of the veneers were oriented the same direction. In parallel-laminated veneers, the laminates with opposite directions of the loose sides in the two outermost veneers showed the best shape stability. The major explanation of the behaviour of the laminates is that the loose side expanded more than the tight side from the dry to the humid climate, which was shown by optical 3D deformation analysis (ARAMIS^TM). After RH cycling, the laminates with cross plies showed visible surface checks only when the tight side was facing outwards.     

单板层积材及其应用

单板层积材 ( Larminated Veneer Lum-ber,简称 LVL)是由多层单板顺纹胶合而成的一种性能优良的新型结构用材。 L VL的研制始于 2 0世纪 70年代初 ,随后在欧美、日本等国家实现了工业化生产 ,并得到迅速发展。据报道 ,1 993年全世界的消费量达到 80 0万 m3,预计 2 0 0 2年将达到 2 40 0万 m3。我国对 L VL的研究始于 1 985年 ,尤其是在黑龙江省林产工业研究所 1 996～ 2 0 0 0年实施的中日合作课题“落叶松单板层积材生产工艺技术的研究”中 ,取得了一系列研究成果 ,达到了工业生产实用化水平 ,产品性能达到了日本农林省告示 1 494号“…     

Shear behaviour of laminated Douglas fir veneer

The rolling shear and longitudinal shear behaviour of laminated Douglas fir veneers was studied using specimens with 15 layers of 2.5 mm veneers. The rolling shear specimens were constructed such that the 3 central veneers were cross-plies with grain angle oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the specimen. The other layers were orthogonal to the cross-plies. The longitudinal shear specimens had a LVL lay-up with the exception of a reinforcement layer of fiber-glass attached to the bottom face veneer. The fiber-glass layer prevented specimens from failing in bending/tension mode and ensured longitudinal shear failures. Specimens were subjected to static and cyclic loads in a “flatwise” three point bending configuration. It was found that the rolling shear failure mode exhibited a higher fatigue resistance than the longitudinal shear failure mode. A damage model that took the stress history into account was calibrated to the experimental data of each specimen type. Good agreement between model predictions and experimental results were obtained for both failure modes. Received 5 November 1997     

薄型单板层积材结构改进的研究

薄型单板层积材(LVL)可替代锯材,应用于木质门窗构件等轻载结构领域.由于单板全部顺纹组坯,导致产品存在横向翘曲变形的技术问题.为此,尝试采用"部分单板横纹组坯"和"纤维板与单板复合"两种方法进行改进,制造了15 mm厚LVL,包含1～2层单板横纹组坯或1～2层3 mm纤维板.测试结果表明:单板横纹组坯.显著降低了LVL的抗弯性能,但LVL的弹性模量仍能达到单板层积材国家标准中70E级别的要求,而静曲强度甚至超过180E级别优等品的限值;与此同时,改进结构的LVL吸水翘曲变形显著降低.横纹单板越靠近LvL表层,板子抗弯性能降低越显著,而翘曲变形改善越明显.采用纤维板与单板复合制造LVL,纤维板的内结合强度衰减明显,易受破坏.