共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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瓢虫柄腹姬小蜂在南昌室内,5月下旬至12月上旬可繁殖11代,每代需12～46天。该蜂的发育起点温度为5.28℃。有效积温296.85日度。在28℃下,饲以10％蜂蜜,成蜂平均寿命为5.52天,不喂蜂蜜平均约缩短3天。该蜂能寄生28星瓢虫幼虫的各个龄期,但更喜寄生高龄幼虫,以4龄幼虫作寄主,每雌一生能寄生幼虫6.21头,子蜂数平均为74.57头。可行孤雌生殖产雄。在马铃薯上的自然寄生率以6月份最高,平均为28.47％。在龙葵上以7月份最高平均达64.5％。7月中旬由于高温的影响,寄主和寄生蜂的发育受到抑制,寄生率急剧下降。 相似文献
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几种杀虫剂对茄二十八星瓢虫及其优势寄生蜂的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
室内初步试验了敌敌畏等５种杀虫剂对茄二十八星瓢虫的毒力效果,并从中挑选出杀虫效果较好的敌敌畏、速灭杀丁、害极灭３种杀虫剂,研究其对茄二十八星瓢虫优势寄生蜂－瓢虫柄腹姬小蜂的影响。 相似文献
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广东美洲斑潜蝇寄生性天敌初步研究 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
本文对广东菜区美洲斑潜蝇Ｌｉｒｉｏｎｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａｅ寄生性天敌的种类及寄生情况进行了初步调查。结果表明,常见的美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂有５种,其中以底比斯釉姬小蜂Ｃｈｒｙｓｏｃｈａｒｉｓ ｒｅｎｔｈｅｕｓ和冈崎釉姬小蜂Ｃｈｒｙｓｏｎｏｔｏｍｙｉａ ｏｋａｇａｋｉｉ为优势种。 相似文献
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Abstract Effect of weeding regime (unweeded control, hand weeding once, 4 weeks after transplanting (w.a.t.) and hand weeding twice, 4 and 7 w.a.t.) and different plant spacings (20 × 2.5 cm, 20 × 5 cm, 20 × 10 cm, 20 × 15 cm and 20 × 20 cm) on weed growth and performance of transplanted rice were tested in a split-plot design. Grain yield and number of panicles were not significantly different in both weeding treatments from the unweeded control at 20 × 2.5 to 20 × 10 cm spacings, showing that, at closer spacings weed control may not be necessary to increase grain yield. The number of weeds at harvest was significantly lower in the weeded plots than the unweeded control at all spacings used. Weed weight at harvest was significantly affected by weeding regime at all spacings except at 20 × 2.5 cm, where no significant difference was observed between the weeded and the unweeded plots. Plant spacings significantly affected the grain yield and weed weight, but did not affect the panicle number and weed counts of transplanted rice. At 20 × 2.5 cm, grain yield was significantly better than that at 20 × 15 cm or 20 × 20 cm. A simple trend of increase in grain yield along with the decrease in spacing between plants was observed in terms of actual grain yield. 相似文献
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随着国际贸易和全球旅游业的发展 ,植物害虫越来越迅速广泛地向新的地区扩散。本文主要依据EPPO(欧洲和地中海植物保护组织 )和CABI(国际农业与生物科学中心 )分别于 1 996年和 1 997～ 2 0 0 0年陆续新公布的 1 3 4种对农业、林业及农林产品有害的重要昆虫和蜱螨类植物害虫的全球分布图 ,收集其它相关资料 ,比较各种植物害虫在全球各地的分布状况 ,分析原因。得出结论 :害虫在北美分布的种类最多 ,在其它各大洲的分布均匀 ,其中种类繁多的鞘翅目昆虫起主要作用。中国现在具有的害虫数量并不与欧洲、大洋洲相差多少。 相似文献
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Andrei Alyokhin David Mota‐Sanchez Mitchell Baker William E Snyder Sandra Menasha Mark Whalon Galen Dively Wassem F Moarsi 《Pest management science》2015,71(3):343-356
Originally designed to reconcile insecticide applications with biological control, the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) developed into the systems‐based judicious and coordinated use of multiple control techniques aimed at reducing pest damage to economically tolerable levels. Chemical control, with scheduled treatments, was the starting point for most management systems in the 1950s. Although chemical control is philosophically compatible with IPM practices as a whole, reduction in pesticide use has been historically one of the main goals of IPM practitioners. In the absence of IPM, excessive reliance on pesticides has led to repeated control failures due to the evolution of resistance by pest populations. This creates the need for constant replacement of failed chemicals with new compounds, known as the ‘insecticide treadmill’. In evolutionary biology, a similar phenomenon is known as the Red Queen principle – continuing change is needed for a population to persevere because its competitors undergo constant evolutionary adaptation. The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is an insect defoliator of potatoes that is notorious for its ability to develop insecticide resistance. In the present article, a review is given of four case studies from across the United States to demonstrate the importance of using IPM for sustainable management of a highly adaptable insect pest. Excessive reliance on often indiscriminate insecticide applications and inadequate use of alternative control methods, such as crop rotation, appear to expedite evolution of insecticide resistance in its populations. Resistance to IPM would involve synchronized adaptations to multiple unfavorable factors, requiring statistically unlikely genetic changes. Therefore, integrating different techniques is likely to reduce the need for constant replacement of failed chemicals with new ones. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献