Insect control by genetic manipulation of natural populations

The possible use of chromosome rearrangements is considered as a means for introducing genes into insect populations for their own control. The release of laboratory-constructed strains differing from the field population for a number of chromosome interchanges should create an unstable situation leading to the rapid replacement of the field population. This replacement should allow introduction of genes for insecticide susceptibility, cold sensitivity, or the like. The process would produce sterile hybrids while the genetic displacement occurs which itself will contribute to a reduction in pest numbers.     

Insect control of the future: operational and policy aspects

uman and insect population control have several features in common, all of them indicating that the lag times in converting laboratory discoveries into practical agents are increasing greatly and that ROI calculations are becoming more and more significant in decisions related to the development of new agents. ROI calculations are particularly important in the field of insect control because, by being more specific, the agents of the future are likely to cover smaller markets. Several recommendations for stimulating the development of new methods of insect control are proposed which are addressed primarily to policy-makers. If they are not implemented, then our suggestions should at least stimulate others to make alternative proposals. If neither event occurs, then it is unlikely that there will be any fundamentally new approaches to practical insect control in this decade; a similar prediction (6) that was made 4 years ago in the field of human birth control is rapidly proving to be correct.     

高山结球甘蓝害虫为害特点及无公害防治技术

通过系统观察总结长阳县火烧坪乡高山蔬菜主栽品种结球甘蓝的主要害虫的发生规律和为害特点及其结球甘蓝栽培要点,提出了综合防治依据和措施。即在移栽苗不携带虫源的前提下,安装频振灯;田间采用小菜蛾性引诱剂;大田期间中期25d用高效低毒低残留的吡虫啉、阿克泰及生物农药进行调控2-3次;而前25d、后25d左右不用农药。     

食用菌主要病虫害综合防治技术

在食用菌的生产与栽培过程中,防治食用菌病虫害应遵循"预防为主,综合防治"的植保工作方针,利用农、化、理、生等进行综合技术防治,以促进食用菌健壮生长,高产优质。     

昆虫的性别决定与性别控制

昆虫的性别决定因物种的不同而不同，果蝇的性别决定是一个阶梯式的调控过程，原始信号是X：A，性别决定的调控核心是sxl,体细胞性别分化、剂量补偿及生殖细胞分化都是通过SXL对mRNA剪切的调控而实现的。研究昆虫的性别决定是人们进行昆虫的性别控制的基础，随着基因工程的发展，人们可以利用性连锁平衡致死基因、性别特异性致死基因、杀雄微生物等多字方法对昆虫的性别进行控制。     

保护地蔬菜病虫害特点及综合防治技术

对保护地蔬菜病虫害发生的各种危害性状进行了总结,并且提出了治疗的措施:重视农业技术措施的落实、物理措施的实施、对农药进行科学合理使用,以期为蔬菜病虫害的治疗提供有价值的参考依据。     

应用佳多诱虫灯进行室外昆虫群落调查

利用佳多诱虫灯对菜田与棉田室外昆虫群落结构做了初步的研究,并利用丰富度(S)、优势度(B)、SHANNON指数(H’)、均匀度(E)4个指标和种—多度对数正态分布模型参数对两个灯下昆虫群落的结构进行了对比分析。结果表明棉田灯下昆虫群落中小型趋光性害虫葱蓟马被大量诱捕,该群落优势种突出,优势度较高。佳多诱虫灯是室外害虫调查和物理防治的有用工具。     

天敌昆虫在林木病虫害防治中的作用

分析了天敌昆虫在林木病虫害防治中的作用和意义,结果表明,天敌昆虫是控制林木病虫害的最为重要的自然因素之一,是生物防治的重要组成,因此,保护、利用及开发天敌昆虫具有重要的生态、社会和经济效益。     

昆虫食品的开发利用

一、昆虫的营养成分 1.蛋白质昆虫体内的蛋白质含量十分丰富,无论供食用的虫态是卵、幼虫、蛹或成虫,其蛋白质含量一般为20%～70%,一些种类如蜜蜂蛋白质含量高达81%,显著高于肉类、禽蛋类的蛋白质含量(表1).另外,昆虫蛋白质的氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸含量在10%～30%之间,占氨基酸总量的35%～50%,比例适宜,易于被人体吸收利用.