Tetrodotoxin and manganese ions: effects on electrical activity and tension in taenia coli of guinea pig

Tetrodotoxin, at concentrations up to 5 x 10(-6) gram per milliliter, has no effect on the spontaneous discharge in the smooth muscle of taenia coli. However, the spontaneous discharge is abolished by Mn(++) at a concentration of 0.5 millimole per liter. The contraction induced by immersing the muscle in isotonic KCl solution is also suppressed in the presence of Mn(++). Because Mn(++) is a specific suppressor of the spike induced by Ca(++) and tetrodotoxin is an inhibitor of the spike induced by Na(+), we suggest that Ca(++) is a charge carrier in the production of spike potential in the smooth muscle and that the entry of intervening Ca(++) through the membrane acts as a trigger for the contraction of smooth muscle.     

卵黄、牛奶及EDTA对冷冻过程中猪精子内Zn~(++)和Ca~(++)含量的影响

冷冻过程中,卵黄能有效地抑制精子内Zn~(++)含量的升高,而牛奶则无此作用。由于卵黄和牛奶中都含有大量的Ca~(++),因此当用作保护剂时,会使冻后精子内Ca~(++)的含量大大升高,但卵黄的影响较小。如果在卵黄中加入EDTA,则能明显阻止精子内Ca~(++)含量的升高。而且,解冻后精子的存活时间也延长。试验结果表明:(1)卵黄对精子的保护作用优于牛奶;(2)卵黄和牛奶中的Ca~(++)会影响解冻后精子的存活,但添加EDTA后可得到明显改善。     

Phosphate Glass Electrode with Good Selectivity for Alkaline-Earth Cations

A phosphate glass has been found to have a significant electrode specificity toward alkaline-earth ions. The order of selectivity is 2H(+) > Ba(++) > Sr(++) > Ca(++) > 2K(+) > 2Na(+) > Mg(++). Exchange properties are discussed in relation to possible structure. Its use to determine activity of Ca(++) in natural systems containing Mg(++) is sug gested.     

白叶枯病菌感染对水稻叶绿体、线粒体 ATPase 活性的影响

采用 ATPase 活性的常规测定方法,分析了4个不同抗性水稻品种感染白叶枯病病原菌后的叶片叶绿体、线粒体 ATPase 活性以及根端线粒体 ATPase 活性的变化.其结果表明:4个不同抗性水稻品种感染白叶枯病后叶片叶绿体 Ca~(++)-ATPase、根端线粒体 ATPase 活性下降,感病品种活性下降更为显著;感病品种叶片叶绿体 Mg~(++)-ATPase 活性下降,抗病品种略有上升;叶片线粒体 ATPase 活性增加,感病品种酶活性上升更为显著.这说明白叶枯病菌对不同抗性水稻叶片叶绿体、线粒体、根端线粒体 ATPase 活性均有影响.     

Uncoupling of an epithelial cell membrane junction by calcium-ion removal

Calcium takes part in maintaining ion communication between salivary gland cells (Chironomus thummi). Its withdrawal from the cell systems results in virtual disconnection of ion communication, at Ca(++) concentrations which do not noticeably affect cell adhesion. The junctional membrane surfaces. which are normally quite freely permeable to ions, become as impermeable as the nonjunctional membrane surfaces; each cell seals itself off irreversibly as a unit. In maintaining ion communication Mg(++) substitutes for Ca(++)     

Effects of veratrine and cocaine on cerebral carbohydrate-amino acid interrelations

The rate of aerobic transformation of glucose-U-C(14) into radioactive amino acids by slices of rat-brain cortex is greatly influenced by the K(+)/Ca(++) ratio in the incubating medium. Protoveratrine has effects on the amino acid pattern resembling that due to an increase in the K(+)/Ca(++) ratio. These effects are antagonized by cocaine and may be correlated with the neurophysiological activities of these drugs.     

Uncoupling of a nerve cell membrane junction by calcium-ion removal

Calcium ion participates in maintaining electrical connections between the nerve cells of Retzius (Hirudo medicinalis). The conductance across the junction between these cells decreases with decreasing concentration of free, extracellular Ca(++) At a certain level of Ca(++) withdrawal from the cell system, junctional conductance reaches a critical low point at which the cells become functionally disconnected: the nerve impulses which are normally discharged in synchrony by the cells become asynchronous. These effects of Ca(++) on junctional connection are irreversible, in contrast to those on nonjunctional surface membrane permeability.     

NO^—2与水稻幼苗N素化合物代谢的关系

以水稻幼苗为材料，在水培条件下研究了ＮＯ＾－２水与稻Ｎ素化合物代谢的关系。结果表明，随ＮＯ＾－２浓度增加，地上部和根中的ＮＯ＾－２浓度增加，地上部和根中的ＮＯ＾－２含量上升，随着时间延长，ＮＨ＾４－Ｎ含量增加；Ｆｅ＾＋＋可降低ＮＯ＾－２－Ｎ含量，促进ＮＨ＾４－Ｎ积累。施ＮＯ＾－２Ｎ时秧苗中的天门冬氨酸，谷氨酸，内氨酸含量高，而根中天门冬氨酸，谷氨酸含量较低；结构性蛋白，叶绿体蛋白，细胞质白含量...     

Calcium carbonate concretions formed by the decomposition of organic matter

Bacterial decomposition of butterfish and smelts in small sealed jars containing seawater and other solutions, for periods ranging from 65 to 205 days, results in a large increase in concentrations of dissolved bicarbonate, carbonate, and ammonia (plus volatile amines). Accompanying this is a rise in pH and the precipitation of Ca(++) ion from solution. The Ca(++) is not precipitated as CaCO(3) but instead as a mixture of calcium fatty acid salts or soaps with from 14 to 18 carbon atoms. This can be explained by the thermodynamic instability of CaCO(3) relative to Ca soaps in the presence of excess free fatty acid. It is suggested that some ancient CaCO(3) concretions, especially those enclosing fossils of soft-bodied organisms, may have formed rapidly after death in the form of natural Ca soap (adipocere) which was later converted to CaCO(3).     

浊点萃取-高效液相色谱法测定虾肉中孔雀石绿和结晶紫残留的研究

利用浊点萃取方法富集孔雀石绿和结晶紫,建立了用高效液相色谱(二极管阵列检测器)同时测定虾肉中孔雀石绿和结晶紫残留的方法,并研究了表面活性剂、盐、平衡时间及平衡温度对浊点萃取效率的影响。该分析方法应用于虾中两种物质的残留分析,结果表明:在虾肉中分别添加3个不同浓度的孔雀石绿和结晶紫,添加回收率范围分别为75.5%～80.2%(孔雀石绿)和81.4%～89.6%(结晶紫),相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2.3%～3.1%(孔雀石绿)和1.5%～3.3%(结晶紫)。该方法的检测限分别为孔雀石绿2.0μg·kg~(-1)、结晶紫1.0μg·kg~(-1),可满足我国和欧盟对虾中孔雀石绿和结晶紫的检测要求。     

Participation of an intermediate of oxidative phosphorylation in ion accumulation by mitochondria

Heart mitochondria accumulate massive amounts of Mg(++) and phosphate or Ca(++) and phosphate when incubated under appropriate conditions. Studies with inhibitors of respiration, oligomycin, and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation indicate that the energy necessary for these reactions may be provided either in the form of ATP in the absence of electron transport, or in the form of a high-energy intermediate of oxidative phosphorylation, which operates even though ATP is not produced.     

聚类分析在山西盐碱土土属分类中的应用初探

本文收集四十个盐碱土分析样品,经过一系列前处理工作,旨在应用聚类分析进行盐碱土基层单元分类的偿试,为此,计算了样品间的距离系数,变量间的相关系数,建立了相应的聚类谱系图。在一定的相似水平下,根据样品和变量间的亲疏关系,把四十个样品的原七个土属聚为五个,其中有十三个样品的土属发生了变化,占样品总数的32.5%,亚类级的变化仅有两个样品,占样品总数的5%。在选取的九个变量中,在0.525的相似水平下分为四组,即:CO_3~-、HCO_3~-、PH;Na~+、SO_4~-、Cl~-、全盐量;Ca~(++);Mg~(++)。以此反映盐碱士变量间的亲疏关系。     

北京地区屠宰猪的弓形虫感染血清抗体水平的调查研究

笔者以间接血凝试验检测了北京地区屠宰猪58O头份的血清弓形虫感染抗体滴度。按照1:64(++)以上为阳性的判定标准,1987年6月份(春末)检测178头份,阳性率为37.71%;9月份(夏末)检测210头份,阳性率为39.09%;12月份(秋末)检测86头份,阳性率为18.60%;1988年3月(冬末)检测156头份,阳性率为17.84%,总共检测580头份,平均阳性率为29.82%。此外,还检测了某学院在集体食堂用膳的师生226人的血清标本,结果均属阴性。调查研究结果表明,屠宰猪弓形虫的感染率以夏末最高,冬末最低。抗体滴度最高可达1:4096,一般阳性滴度均在1:64～1:258之间。人类不直接接触生猪肉或食熟肉者,不易构成感染。     

Laminarase of Euglena gracilis

An enzyme in extracts of the protistan Euglena gracilis splits the polysaccharide laminarin (beta-1:3-glucosan). Its optimal pH is 5.0, and it is activated by Mn(++) ions.     

猪精子冷冻技术的研究

 采用手握法采集健康成年的长白公猪猪精子，室温离心后，采用液氮熏蒸法细管冷冻猪精子。以精子活力为判定指标，比较了平衡时间和甘油浓度对猪精子冷冻的影响。结果表明:(1)Ⅱ组精子冷冻复苏后精子活力（35.83±5.38）%要高于其他组（P＜0.05）；(2)Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组冷冻复苏精子的活力［（29.75±4.38）%，（28.40±8.55）%］要高于其他组（P＜0.05），由此得出最佳平衡时间和甘油浓度。     

龙眼种子蛋白质组双向电泳技术的优化

为建立适用于龙眼(Dimdcarpus longanaLour.)种子蛋白质组研究的双向电泳技术,对龙眼种子蛋白质的IEF、平衡时间及染色方法等关键步骤进行了优化。结果显示,龙眼种子蛋白质主要分布在pH4-7范围内,采用酚抽法,在聚焦达到50000 W.h的情况下能充分地聚焦,等电聚焦后经平衡缓冲液Ⅰ还原15 min,再经平衡缓冲液Ⅱ二次平衡20 min,考马斯亮蓝染色,24 cm IPG胶条上样量为1.2 mg时,在龙眼种子双向电泳图谱上检测到1000个多个蛋白点,蛋白点清晰,分辨率较好。本研究所建立的一套适用于龙眼种子蛋白质组分析的双向电泳方法分辨率和重复性较高,重复样品图谱间的相关系数在0.88-0.945之间。     

用VC++设计的多线程关机程序

以Client/Server程序设计理论为基础,通过对在网络程序设计中使用单线程和多线程不同连接方式的讨论,选择了在编制计算机实验室远程关机程序中的方法——多线程程序设计。并利用VC++6.0实现了远程关闭计算机、重新启动计算机、注销当前用户等功能,该程序适用于Win9X,Win2000和WinXP。     

呼和浩特市城市垃圾管理决策系统研究

本文在总结国内外对城市垃圾处理技术发展情况的基础上，根据呼和浩特市垃圾处理的现状及其中存在的问题．以visualj^ 6．0应用程序为核心，结合Photoshop、Access，Fxbase和FIaSh等软件，构建了呼和浩特市垃圾管理决策系统平台。该平台包括垃圾处理、垃圾现状、垃圾预测及系统信息4个模块．并且通过初步运行表明，本系统可以实现基于垃圾产生量、处理技术、处理方法的较为理想的资源配置决策。     

FLAVIN SENSITIZED PHOTOREACTIONS: EFFECTS OF 3-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)- 1,1-DIMETHYLUREA

Photooxidation reactions, which were inhibited by high concentrations of oxygen, were affected by the addition of 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (CMU), but the response varied with the substrate being oxidized. With ascorbic acid and 2,3-diketogulonic acid, CMU reversed the inhibition caused by high concentrations of oxygen. With ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), tetraethylene tetramine, or Mn(++) as reductant, CMU itself inhibited the reactions. The photoreduction of flavins by EDTA and the bleaching of flavin mononucleotide under anaerobic conditions were also inhibited by CMU. Corresponding photoreactions sensitized by phthaleine dyes or methylene blue were completely insensitive to CMU. This compound therefore seems to change specifically the reactivity of excited flavin molecules.