临沂市鸡源致病性大肠杆菌的优势血清型监测和药敏试验

禽大肠杆菌病是由致病性大肠埃希氏菌引起的不同类型疾病的总称，包括脐炎、败血症、肉芽肿、卵黄性腹膜炎、气囊炎、肝周炎、肺炎、全眼球炎等一系列疾病，它是家禽中最常见的一类细菌性疾病，给养禽业造成了严重的经济损失。本试验对临沂市三区九县范围内的禽大肠杆菌病进行了血清学调查，目的在于查清本地的主要流行菌株，为疫苗研制和选用提供理论依据；探讨禽源大肠杆菌在我市的耐药谱，为防治本病提供用药参考。     

鸡大肠杆菌病的防治对策

禽大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型的致病性大肠埃希氏杆菌所引起疾病的总称。其临诊表现多种多样,以引起败血症、心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、腹膜炎、输卵管炎、滑膜炎、大肠杆菌性肉芽肿、脐炎等病变为特征。     

禽大肠杆菌病的诊断及防治

禽大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型的致病性大肠埃希氏杆菌所引起疾病的总称。其临诊表现多种多样,以引起败血症、心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、腹膜炎、输卵管炎、滑膜炎、大肠杆菌性肉芽肿、脐炎等病变为特征。     

一例鸭大肠杆菌性败血症的诊治

禽大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型的致病性大肠埃希氏杆菌所引起疾病的总称。其临诊表现多种多样,以引起败血症、心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、腹膜炎、输卵管炎、滑膜炎、大肠杆菌性肉芽肿、脐炎等病变为特征。     

禽大肠杆菌药敏纸片的制作

<正>禽大肠杆菌病是由埃希氏大肠杆菌(E.Coli)的某些致病性菌株引起的多种疾病的总称,是威胁肉鸡养殖业的"头号敌人",它主要以大肠杆菌败血症、肝周炎、心包炎、气囊炎、脐炎等最为常见。一方面由于大肠杆菌血清型复杂,仅国内报导的近80个血清型,另一方面抗生素的滥用,     

禽大肠杆菌病防治的常用药物

禽大肠杆菌病是由埃希氏大肠杆菌的某些致病性菌株引起的多种疾病总称,包括大肠杆菌性败血症、肠炎、脐带炎、肝周炎、心包炎、腹膜炎、全眼球炎、卵黄性腹膜炎、输卵管炎、滑膜炎、关节炎、肉芽肿等,可导致胚胎和幼雏死亡。由于大肠杆菌血清型复杂,给免疫防治带来一定的困难,药物防治仍是控制禽大肠杆菌病的主要手段。本文就防治禽大肠杆菌病的常用药物作以简述。     

云南部分地区鸡大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

禽大肠杆菌病是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的各种禽类的急性或慢性的细菌性传染病[1]。本病除可单独发生外,常易成为其它疾病的并发病或继发病。随着我国养禽业的不断发展,特别是20世纪80年代以来,由一定血清型致病性大肠杆菌引起的禽大肠杆菌病在各地广为流行,常导致巨大的经济损失,近几年来已上升为危害养禽业的最主要、防治最棘手的疾病之一[2]。禽类最常见的大肠杆菌血清型为O1、O2、O35、O78等几种,我国目前已报道的鸡致病性大肠杆菌血清型约50余种,不同地区有一定差异。本试验对来自于云南省不同地区的病料进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及药…     

鸡大肠杆菌的防治

鸡大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型的致病性大肠埃希氏菌引起的疾病。是现代养鸡业最主要疾病之一。鸡发生大肠杆菌病时出现多种病型,主要有急性败血症、气囊炎、脐带炎、眼球炎、关节炎、卵黄性腹膜炎、脑炎以及大肠杆菌性肉芽肿,致病性大肠杆菌还可以穿过蛋壳引起鸡胚感染,造成死胚率增加,孵化率下降和弱雏率增加,是严重危害养鸡业的重要疾病之一。     

鸡大肠杆菌病的诊断及防治

禽大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型的致病性大肠埃希氏杆菌所引起疾病的总称。其临诊表现多种多样,以引起败血症、心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎、腹膜炎、输卵管炎、滑膜炎、大肠杆菌性肉芽肿、脐炎等病变为特征。     

鸡大肠杆菌病病原分离与鉴定

通过在甘肃及西北部分地区进行鸡大肠杆菌病流行病学调查,采集病料１２０份,分出大肠杆菌１０５株,分离率为８５％。对２６株大肠杆菌进行了血清型鉴定出血清型１０个,其中血清型Ｏ７８、Ｏ１、Ｏ２、Ｏ１１４占受检菌株的７６．９２％。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …