副溶血弧菌实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

为建立检测副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus,VP)的快速检测方法,本研究以VP toxR基因为靶基因设计合成引物及TaqMan探针,建立了实时荧光定量PCR快速检测VP的方法。结果显示,对15株试验菌株进行实时荧光定量PCR检测,只有VP检测为阳性,表明该检测方法特异性强;该方法的灵敏度为4.9 CFU/mL,利用该检测方法对采集的150份样品进行检测,共计检出3份VP阳性样品,与国标法(GB 4789.7-2013)检测结果一致,显示了良好的实用性。该检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强,具有良好的实用性。     

副溶血弧菌主要毒力因子三重荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为建立快捷、准确、高效检测副溶血弧菌的方法,以副溶血弧菌种属特异性基因toxR和毒力因子tdh、trh基因序列,分别设计3对特异性引物及相应TaqMan探针,并在toxR、tdh和trh基因的3个探针的5'端分别标记FAM、HEX、CY5荧光报告基团,3'端标记BHQ1淬灭荧光基团,通过优化反应体系和反应参数,确定最佳反应体系,建立一种基于Taq Man探针定量检测副溶血弧菌的三重荧光定量PCR方法。结果:本试验所建立三重荧光定量PCR方法与其他菌株无交叉反应,其最低检出限达到了10 CFU/m L,重复性试验中每组变异系数均小于1%;检测人工染菌的虾肉和贝类样品时,最低检出限亦达到10 CFU/m L,且整个检测扩增时间大约为1 h。结果表明,本研究建立的三重荧光PCR检测方法,特异性强、敏感性高、重复性好且耗时短,是高通量检测致病性副溶血弧菌的有效手段。     

贝类中副溶血弧菌和沙门氏菌荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

为适应进口鲜活水产品的快速检验,有必要建立快速检测多种病原生物的方法。本文针对鲜活水产品中常见的副溶血弧菌和沙门氏菌,设计了特异的荧光引物,建立了检测贝类中这两种细菌的荧光定量PCR体系,并进行了特异性与重复性试验。结果表明,在相同的反应条件下,副溶血弧菌和沙门氏菌均得到了特异性扩增,而阴性对照菌株均未见扩增。副溶血弧菌标准曲线在1.53×105~1.53×109拷贝/μL之间、沙门氏菌标准曲线在4.89×106~4.89×1010拷贝/μL之间有较好的线性关系。与传统的检测方法相比较,该荧光定量PCR方法检测贝类中的副溶血弧菌和沙门氏菌更为快速准确,结果直观,可以满足口岸进口水产品快速检测的需要。     

单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌实时荧光定量PCR快速检测方法的建立

为建立单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,LM)的快速检测方法,本研究以LM iap基因为靶基因设计合成引物及TaqMan探针,建立实时荧光定量PCR快速检测LM的方法。结果显示,对15株试验菌株进行实时荧光定量PCR检测,只有LM菌株检测为阳性,表明该检测方法特异性强;该方法的灵敏度为6.5 CFU/mL;稳定性和重复性试验结果表明,同一样品重复检测4次Ct值的变异系数均小于2%;利用该检测方法对采集的139份样品进行检测,共计检出3份LM阳性样品,与国标法(GB 478930-2010)检测结果一致。该检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好,具有良好的实用性。     

Development of A Dual Real-time PCR for the Rapid Detection of Listeria monocytogenes

To establish a rapid assay for Listeria monocytogenes(LM) detection,a Real-time PCR method was developed targeting iap gene of LM.The results showed that the test for 15 bacteria strains,only LM was positive,indicated that the method had high specificity.In addition,the sensitivity of Real-time PCR was 6.5 CFU/mL.Stability and reproducibility of the test showed that the coefficient of variation for the same sample repeat the Ct values were less than 2%.Furthermore,a total of 3 positive samples for LM were detected from 139 clinical samples by the method,which was in accordance with the testing result by GB 478930-2010 standard detection protocol.Therefore,the Real-time PCR method provides a novel rapid,sensitive and good repeatability detection method for LM infection.     

生物素-亲和素斑点酶联免疫吸附试验快速检测鱼源副溶血性弧菌的研究

本研究建立了快速检测鱼源副溶血性弧菌的BA-Dot-ELISA方法.用该法可检出每毫升接种10个菌,增菌18h的培养物.该法敏感性为10~4个/mL,比Dot-ELISA敏感10～100倍.不与溶藻性弧菌、亲水气单胞菌等13种杂菌发生交叉反应.增菌前杂菌多于副溶血性弧菌10~6时,对检测结果有影响.可在22～24h报告结果,比常规培养法快4～6d以该法对带鱼、小黄花鱼、马面鱼、鲤鱼等311份样本进行检测,检出率分别为47.0%、41.7%、14.8%和11.8%,与常规培养法相差不显著(P>0.05).生化试验复检结果表明,检出的阳性可凝菌株均为副溶血性弧菌.该法适用于在短时间内对大批样本的检测.     

副溶血性弧菌PCR检测方法的建立

为了建立适于基层单位应用的针对副溶血性弧菌检测的特异PCR方法,检测副溶血性弧菌的基因序列.针对该菌的属特异性基因t1基因进行引物设计,扩增片段大小为449 bp.运用该PCR法可特异性的从副溶血性弧菌ATCC17802标准株中扩增出目的基因片段,与GenBank上发表的序列同源性为100%.而经常污染海产品的溶藻弧菌,嗜水气单胞茵标准株J-1,铜绿假单胞茵标准株ATCC27853结果均为阴性.该PCR法最低检出菌体DNA量为10-2ng以及最低检出菌数为5.7 × 103 CFU/mL.对临床上送检的35份样品进行菌体DNA PCR方法检测并同时与国标GB/T4789.7-2003中使用的检测方法进行比对,两种检测方法的结果完全符合,与国标中使用的检测方法相比可大大缩短鉴定时间.因此该PCR法能快速鉴定当前副溶血性弧菌流行群,有利于流行病学溯源等研究.     

荧光定量PCR法检测副溶血弧菌tdh基因的表达差异

以pvuA为内标基因,运用实时荧光定量PCR检测不同来源以及不同应激条件下副溶血弧菌热稳定直接溶血素基因tdh的表达量。pvuA和tdh基因的荧光定量PCR融解曲线分析表明,两者均为特异性扩增。尽管相同来源的不同菌株间tdh表达量存在显著差异,副溶血弧菌临床分离株的tdh mRNA平均表达量显著高于海产品分离株((57.2比13.8)。在pH4.0、0.5%和8%NaCl应激条件下,临床株ZJ2和海产品分离株FJ14A的tdh mRNA表达量显著高于对照组;另一海产品分离株KP34在8%NaCl条件下的表达量显著提高,而低pH应激时tdh mRNA的表达量显著降低。结果表明,不同副溶血弧菌分离株的tdh mRNA表达差异显著,临床分离株的tdh mRNA表达量总体上高于海产品分离株,副溶血弧菌在不同应激条件下主要表现为tdh mRNA表达上调。     

金色葡萄球菌、伤寒沙门氏菌和副溶血弧菌单管多重PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

本研究根据金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus auretls，SA）耐热核酸酶（nut）基因、伤寒沙门氏菌（Salmonella typhi，ST）鞭毛抗原（H1-d）基因和副溶血性弧菌（Vibrio parahaemolyticus，VP）热稳定直接溶血素（tdh）基因，分别设计了三对引物Nuc-F／Nu-R、H1-d—F／H1-d—R和Tdh-F／Tdh-R，预计PCR扩增的DNA片断分别为279bp、202bp和458bp。通过对单个基因PCR和单管多重PCR扩增的特异性、敏感性分析以及对单管多重PCR扩增条件如引物浓度、退火温度和dNTP浓度等的优化，建立了快速检测金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒沙门氏菌和副溶血弧菌的单管多重PCR方法，该方法检测的敏感性分别为：47．8PgST的基因组DNA．22．7PgSA的基因组DNA和0．3745PgVP的基因组DNA。模拟试验显示最低检测限度为分别为：SA150CFU／反应体系，ST98CFU／反应体系，VP53CFU／反应体系。表明该方法具有很好的应用价值和开发前景。     

纳米金PCR技术检测副溶血弧菌方法的建立与初步应用

纳米金PCR是在普通PCR基础上发展起来的新技术,它能够明显提高普通PCR的灵敏度和特异性。根据副溶血弧菌(VP)的toxR基因序列,应用primer6.0设计一对特异性引物,建立了纳米金PCR方法,并对该方法的最佳反应条件、循环数、特异性和灵敏度进行测定。采用2.0%琼脂糖电泳进行检测,结果表明能扩增得到与试验设计相符的208bp(VP)的特异性条带;与溶藻弧菌、霍乱弧菌、麦氏弧菌、沙门氏菌、枸橼酸杆菌没有交叉反应;纯培养细菌检测灵敏度为3cfu/反应体系。与普通PCR法进行比较,该方法检测灵敏度比普通PCR高10倍。经临床检测,从150份带鱼、鱿鱼和鱼粉中检出5份阳性样品,与常规细菌分离鉴定方法符合率100%。该试验方法的建立对于加强进出口水产品中VP的检验检疫具有十分重要的意义。     

Establishment and Application of A Double TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR Assay for Detection of Canine Distemper Virus and Canine Parvovirus

This study was aimed to establish a double TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR assay to simultaneously and specifically detect canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) in one reaction.Two pairs of specific primers for CDV and CPV,along with two TaqMan MGB probes for each virus were designed in the assay basing on CDV H gene and CPV VP2 gene sequences.The specificity,sensitivity and repetition of the double TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR assay were tested,and 48 samples taken from clinic suspicious CDV and CPV infected canines had been testified by the established double TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR.The results indicated that the doulde TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR assay was successfully established,and the number of standard curve correlation (R²) of CDV and CPV were 0.997 and 0.993,respectively.The specificity of the double TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR assay revealed that amplifications were showed on CDV and CPV samples,but other pathogens and negative controls had no amplifications;The sensitivity of CDV and CPV were both 10 copies/μL.Meanwhile,14 CDV positive samples,19 CPV positive samples and 4 CDV/CPV double positive samples were detected,which were consistent with the results of the sequencing.Therefore,the established double TaqMan MGB Real-time PCR assay had high sensitivity,specificity and flux accurate quantitative,which could be applied to clinical CDV/CPV infection each periods.     

新孢子虫荧光PCR检测方法的研究

根据已知的犬新孢子虫种属特异性基因片段Nc-5基因序列,设计荧光定量PCR引物和荧光探针,经反应条件的优化,建立了检测新孢子虫的荧光定量PCR方法。该方法的检测灵敏度为10拷贝/反应。通过对系列稀释的重组质粒进行重复性检测,Ct值的变异系数为0.50%~1.18%。应用该方法对50份牛全血和8份流产胎儿样本进行检测,有5份全血和1份流产胎儿样本为阳性,阳性检出率均为10.3%,比普通PCR方法阳性检出率（7%）高。且具有较好的特异性和可重复性,可用来对新孢子虫病快速准确检测。     

实时荧光PCR快速检测水产品中副溶血性弧菌的研究

目的建立快速检测水产品中副溶血性弧茵的实时荧光PCR方法。方法利用副溶血性孤菌TDH基因的保守序列设计引物和探针,建立快速检测副溶血性弧菌的实时荧光PCR方法。结果本研究建立的检测副溶血性弧菌的实时荧光PCR方法,其纯茵检测低限低于10cfu/PCR反应体系;对模拟阳性样品直接检测,检测低限为10~3cfu/g。模拟样品经增茵培养4～6h后,检测低限达1cfu/g;用本法对24株标准菌株/参考菌株进行检测,结果除副溶血性弧菌呈阳性外,其他23株非副溶血性弧菌均呈阴性反应;重复性试验结果:批内和批间变异系数均小于1%。结论本研究建立的副溶血性弧菌实时荧光PCR方法具有快速、灵敏、特异和重复性好的优点,可在8h内对水产品中的副溶血性弧菌进行定性或定量检测。     

Real—time PCR和PCR方法快速检测犬细小病毒

为适应出入境口岸对进出境宠物快速检疫的需要,本研究在建立PCR方法检测犬细小病毒(CPV)的基础上,进一步采用Taqman探针技术建立了快速检测CPV的Real-time PCR方法.通过灵敏度对比试验,证实Real-time PCR方法比PCR方法检测灵敏度显著提高.通过对大量不同采样部位样品的检测证实,本研究建立的Real-time PCR和PCR方法具有较高的可靠性,并可显著提高CPV的阳性检出率.     

用PCR检测副溶血性弧菌耐热溶血素基因

根据副溶血性弧菌的耐热溶血素基因（ｔｄｈ）设计了２对引物，经聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）检测，所有１８株神奈川试验阳性副溶血性弧菌均呈阳性反应，而６株神奈川试验阴性副溶血性弧菌呈阴性反应，其他９种（３４株）弧菌和８株其他革兰氏阴性菌也呈阴性反应。检测敏感性可达２ＣＦＵ的副溶血性弧菌。     

化脓隐秘杆菌TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

本试验旨在建立检测化脓隐秘杆菌(Arcanobacterium pyogenes,A.pyogenes)特异、灵敏的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。根据GenBank公布的化脓隐秘杆菌溶血素(pyolysin,PLO)基因高保守序列,设计特异性引物和探针建立检测体系,用于化脓隐秘杆菌的快速检测,并对该方法的特异性和灵敏度进行检测。结果显示,本试验建立的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法仅对化脓隐秘杆菌的检测结果为阳性;该方法最低检测DNA浓度为77.6 fg,最低检测细菌浓度为63 CFU/mL。采用本研究建立的方法检测23份林麝临床病例样品,共鉴定出16株化脓隐秘杆菌,与API Coryne生化鉴定方法的结果相同。本研究为化脓隐秘杆菌的检测提供了一种灵敏、特异、快速的检测方法,其可用于化脓隐秘杆菌的诊断和流行病学调查。     

鸽白细胞介素8基因实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

为建立鸽白细胞介素8（interleukin-8,IL-8）基因实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,本研究根据GenBank上公布的鸽IL-8基因序列,在保守区域设计1对特异性引物,以鸽子淋巴细胞提取的核酸为模板扩增鸽IL-8基因部分片段并克隆到pMD18-T载体上。提取重组质粒通过系列制备标准品,建立鸽IL-8基因SYBR GreenⅠ染料法实时荧光定量PCR标准曲线,并进行特异性、敏感性和重复性试验。结果显示,实时荧光定量PCR熔解曲线呈单一熔解峰,试验线性相关系数为1.0,IL-8基因的扩增效率为103%。敏感性结果显示最低可检测到16个拷贝数;用该方法检测其他鸽白细胞介素细胞因子（IL-1β、IL-6、IL-18）和双蒸水的结果均为阴性。批间、批内变异系数均≤1.52%。因此,本研究建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法可用于鸽IL-8 mRNA的检测,为病毒感染宿主细胞后细胞因子表达的定量分析奠定基础。     

Establishment of TaqMan Real-time PCR Assay for Detection of Arcanobacterium pyogenes

The study was aimed to establish a specific and sensitive TaqMan Real-time PCR assay for detection of Arcanobacterium pyogenes (A.pyogenes).Based on the conservative sequence of pyolysin (PLO) gene of A.pyogenes published in GenBank, specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed. The TaqMan Real-time PCR assay was established, and the specificity and sensitivity were tested.The specificity test results showed that only A.pyogenes exhibited typical curves.The detection sensitivity of this assay was 77.6 fg genomic DNA per 20 μL reaction, and 63 CFU/mL for pure cultures.16 out of 23 clinical samples were positive detected by the TaqMan Real-time PCR assay, which were consistent with API Coryne identification.The TaqMan Real-time PCR assay developed in this study was specific and sensitive for detection of A.pyogenes, and it could be used for identification and epidemiological investigation of A.pyogenes.     

Development of a Quantitative Real-time PCR Method for Detection of Pigeon IL-8 Gene

To develop a quantitative Real-time PCR method for detection of pigeon interleukin-8 (IL-8),a pair of specific primers was designed based on the conserved region of IL-8 gene sequence published on GenBank.A fragment of IL-8 gene was amplified from the pigeon lymphocytes template and cloned into pMD18-T vector.Plasmid DNA was extracted from the bacteria and was serially diluted to serve as a standard.A standard curve for the SYBR Green Ⅰ of quantitative Real-time PCR was established and the specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility of this assay were investigated.The results showed that the quantitative Real-time PCR melting curve only had one single melting peak.The assay was linear with R² values was 1.0;The reaction efficiency for the pigeon IL-8 gene was 103%.The detection limit of this assay was 16 copies per reaction.Other interleukin including IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-18 and double distilled water control were tested by this assay and the results were all negative.The CV values of intra- and inter-assay were less than 1.52%.The established quantitative Real-time PCR assay of this study was suitable for the detection of pigeon IL-8.It would provide basis for analyzing cytokine expression quantitatively after the host cell was infected by the virus.     

Nsp9基因实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及其在感染细胞过程中表达量的变化

试验旨在建立猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）Nsp9基因的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,并探究其在感染细胞过程中表达量的变化。根据PPRSVNsp9基因序列设计引物,建立基于SYBR Green Ⅰ检测模式的实时荧光定量PCR。结果显示,PRRSV Nsp9基因在1×10⁴~1×10⁸拷贝/μL范围内有很好的线性关系,扩增产物的熔解曲线只有1个单特异峰,无引物二聚体。该方法与猪戊肝病毒（HEV）、猪流感病毒（SIV）、伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）基因组均无交叉反应,可重复性好,组内变异系数小,可用于临床PRRSV检测。在病毒感染细胞过程中,Nsp9基因表达量逐步升高,36 h达到最高。本研究为探究病毒复制规律与临床疫苗生产奠定了理论基础。