宁南县桑树病虫害发生现状与防治对策

<正>蚕业是宁南县发展农村地方经济、致富农民的支柱产业。近几年来,我县产业结构大调整,激发了农户栽桑的积极性,大力发展"6215"栽桑模式。生产模式的改变,在相应的技术措施的配套上,特别是桑树病虫防治措施上也要跟上生产发展步伐,否则病虫的为害将成为蚕桑生产中的一大隐患,影响蚕桑生产的稳定。1桑树病虫发生及防治现状病虫害暴发主要有三个条件:桑树、病虫原的存在和生态环境。桑树是一个载体,病虫原是     

宁南桑树赤锈病的发生与防治

具有"中国蚕桑之乡"称号的宁南,以前桑树病虫少之又少,特别是桑树赤锈病更是罕见。然而在2016年后,桑赤锈病在不同乡镇均有不同程度发生。桑赤锈病可以在短短2-3d时间内把全县喂几万张蚕种的桑叶全部危害,严重威胁了宁南蚕业发展,为了减少赤锈病对我县蚕业的影响,加强对赤锈病了解和防治势在必行。     

浙江省桑树病虫调查初报

我省是全国的古老蚕区,桑树栽培历史久远,病虫害种类多,分布广.为了较为详细地了解全省桑树病虫害的种类、分布及主要病虫害的危害情况,为制订桑树病虫防治措施提供依据,我们从1989年开始组织了全省主要蚕桑产区县开展了桑树病虫调查,现将调查情况初报如下.调查方法根据各蚕区蚕桑生产比重,选择具代表性的市县开展调查.一、桑病虫种类、分布调查     

滩地桑园产茧100 150 200kg栽桑养蚕模式技术

为了探索提高我县蚕桑生产经济效益的新途径.县蚕桑学会与生产收烘等单位组织技术力量,对本县和毗邻县部分蚕桑高产示范户,进行了调查.在此基础上,于1988年12月28日邀请省农科院、浙农大的专家、教授和有关行家举行一次"仙居县滩地桑园亩产茧100、150、200kg所需叶量的栽培模式"研讨会.会上主题研讨内容:桑树立地条件、桑树群体结构、施肥标准、剪梢伐条采叶、桑树保护、科学养蚕等.会后根据我县的生态环境和蚕桑生产现状,高产桑园的栽培模式应具备的条件与措施等加以科学总结成初稿,     

江浙两省召开桑树病虫防治研讨会

2010年国家蚕桑产业技术体系桑树病虫防控工作会议暨江浙两省桑树病虫防治研讨会于201-年3月29日至31日在浙江省义鸟市召开。参加会议的代表有中国蚕业研究所、苏州大学、江苏省蚕桑学会、国家蚕桑产业技术体系试验站、江、浙两省重点市、县桑树病虫测报员等共计70人。苏州大学浦冠勤教授、中国农科院蚕研所吴福安研究员、江苏省植保站张芳高级农艺师分别作斜纹夜蛾抗药性产生原因与防治对策、桑树害虫防控统计原理和江苏桑树病虫防治工作与存在问题的专题讲座，江、浙两省重点县（市）桑病虫测报员就桑树病虫发生与防控技术进行了大会交流。     

实施综合防治确保桑,茧丰收

近年来,我市桑园农药污染,病虫危害较为严重,,一些危害性很大的新型病虫(如断梢病等)相继传入我市。而桑树病虫害的防治一直是蚕桑生产的薄弱环节,农户单家独户防病治虫与蚕期矛盾突出。因此蚕区普遍存在桑园有病难治,有病不治,任其发展的现象,几种主要桑树害虫(如桑蓟马、桑螟等)猖撅一时,严重威胁着我市蚕桑生产的发展。针对上述情况,我们在上级业务部门的指导和有关单位的密切配合下,     

广东省桑树保护工作的现状、问题和对策

桑树上的病虫害为害桑树等植物，导致桑树生长不良，影响桑叶产量和质量，从而影响养蚕的成绩，所以桑树病虫害防治是蚕桑生产的一项重要的基础性工作。广东省地处我国南方热带亚热带地区，气候环境适宜桑树和病虫害的生长，因此，病虫害的种类是全国最多的。广东的桑树保护工作曾经取得了辉煌的成绩。目前，我省桑树保护工作已明显落后于全国其他蚕区，已不适应广东省蚕桑生产的健康发展。本文就广东桑树保护工作的现状、问题以及如何提高我省的桑树保护水平进行了阐述。     

发挥多倍体桑品种优势建设示范基地

“优质、高产、高效”是今后蚕桑产业化建设的发展方向和奋斗目标,而选用优良桑树品种不仅是发展蚕桑生产的重要物质基础,而且是实现由传统蚕业向现代蚕业转化的源头工程。     

控制桑萎缩病发生的体会

桑树萎缩病是威胁我国各地蚕桑生产的一种毁灭性病害,它具有传播快、发病广、危害重、难防治等特点。近年来,随着蚕桑生产的发展,桑树萎缩病也有蔓延扩大的趋势。我县友邻东台、大丰等县相续发生,对我县直接产生威胁。如何做好桑树萎缩病防治工作、杜绝萎缩病在我县发生和蔓延,作为我们蚕桑生产发展新区,重点产苗县,显     

效益蚕业的探索和实践

浙江金华地处浙江中部,属亚热带季风气候,四季分明,光、热、水条件优越,适宜栽种桑树.不过境内物种丰富,物种间竞争激烈.蚕桑生产要立足并得到发展,必须在效益上有一定的优势.为此,金华蚕业界同仁从20世纪90年代中期开始效益蚕业的探索和实践,并取得了初步的成效.现将几种效益蚕业的实例介绍如下.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.