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应用透射电镜负染技术,观察人参总皂苷及其衍生物对Ⅰ型马立克氏病毒(MDVI)作用后病毒颗粒结构改变情况,旨在深入探讨人参总皂苷及其衍生物抗MDV的作用机理。结果显示,病毒颗粒变形,大小不均匀.核心缺损或均质化,包膜裸露或破损以及病毒颗粒凝集融合成块,结构模糊不清。在相同条件下衍生物比人参总皂苷对MDV的破坏作用强。提示人参总皂苷及其衍生物在体外对MDVⅠ(MDV—Ⅰ)病毒颗粒的形态结构、表面成分和分散均有破坏作用,而衍生物作用更加显著。 相似文献
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硫酸化人参总皂苷对人工感染MDV鸡淋巴细胞活性的调节 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
鸡马立克氏病病毒(MDV)经腹腔注射感染8日龄雏鸡,攻毒15 d后检测硫酸化人参总皂苷对鸡外周血白细胞数和淋巴细胞增殖活性的影响,并利用半定量RT-PCR方法分析外周血淋巴细胞IFN-γmRNA的表达水平。结果表明,MDV感染能引起鸡淋巴细胞百分比相对增多(P〈0.01),人参总皂苷及其硫酸化人参总皂苷不能改变MDV所致变化(P〉0.05),且硫酸化人参总皂苷与人参总皂苷之间没有差异(P〉0.05);MDV感染极显著抑制淋巴细胞增殖(P〈0.01),人参总皂苷能明显改善MDV对感染鸡淋巴细胞增殖的抑制(P〈0.01),硫酸化人参总皂苷促进了MDV所致的抑制状态(P〈0.01);人参总皂苷及其硫酸化人参总皂苷均能增强MDV所致鸡淋巴细胞IFN-γmRNA的表达,与健康组相比,硫酸化人参总皂苷极显著增加IFN-γmRNA表达(P〈0.01)。结果提示,硫酸化人参总皂苷对人工感染MDV鸡的淋巴细胞活性具有调节作用,其作用比人参总皂苷的作用更强。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料.饲料世界》2020,(6)
从临床流行病学、剖检症状、病理变化、马立克氏病、禽白血病、网状内皮组织增生症病毒特异基因的PCR检测等进行综合分析,以期对河南南阳地区某海兰蛋鸡场鸡群的疑似肿瘤疾病进行确诊。结果显示:鸡群大体正常,但零星出现死亡,死亡鸡极度消瘦,心、肝、脾、肺等脏器肿胀及个别病鸡脏器肿胀且有肿瘤结节。PCR检测结果显示:MDV阳性、ALV阳性、REV阴性,确诊鸡群感染马立克氏病病毒和禽白血病病毒。 相似文献
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Baigent SJ Smith LP Nair VK Currie RJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,112(1-2):78-86
Marek's disease is an economically important lymphoid neoplasm of chickens, caused by oncogenic strains of Marek's disease herpesvirus. The disease can be successfully controlled by vaccination with attenuated or non-pathogenic MDV strains. However, vaccine failures do occur as field strains continue to evolve towards pathotypes of greater virulence, and this evolution is likely to be driven by the vaccines themselves. Two general strategies can be considered to improve protection by vaccination. Firstly by the development of novel vaccines, and secondly by maximizing the potential of existing vaccines. This second goal requires investigation of optimal timing and vaccine delivery route, and optimal vaccination regimes for different breeds of chick. Accurate quantitation of Marek's disease vaccine virus in vaccinated chicks will contribute significantly to our understanding of vaccinal protection. We recently developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for quantitation of CVI988 vaccine virus in the feather tips, a rich source of viral DNA which can easily be sampled in a non-invasive manner. This PCR test is now used commercially to confirm the successful vaccination of chicks. We have also used the PCR to examine various aspects of vaccination in experimental chicks and commercial chicks with a view to determining how vaccine level in feathers correlates with protection against challenge, and for identifying optimal timing and vaccine delivery route, and optimal vaccination regimes for different breeds of chick. In this article we review some aspects of the current vaccinal control of Marek's disease, before highlighting some of the problems associated with current vaccines and vaccination strategies, and the challenges for the future. We go on to discuss the development and use of our real-time PCR feather test, its current applications and potential opportunities in Marek's disease vaccine research. 相似文献
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Marek's disease virus (MDV) causes immunosuppression and tumors in chickens, but the turkey is an unusual host for the virus, and tumors caused by MDV in turkeys are unique. We describe the prevalence of turkey tumors in Israel between 1993 and 2000, their molecular diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the natural distribution of herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT). Most clinical cases with tumors in commercial turkeys were diagnosed as MDV. The reproduction of Marek's disease (MD) in turkeys by two turkey MDV strains, Ar and La, was analyzed, and it was shown that these strains can induce tumors in experimental trials. The severity of experimental disease differed from those features of the original outbreak, since a less severe disease was recorded. 相似文献
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H K Pradhan G C Mohanty W Y Lee B Patnaik 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1991,29(3-4):229-238
Antibody directed against Marek's disease-associated tumor surface antigen (MATSA) was eluted from tumor cells of lymphomas and peripheral blood lymphocytes that were isolated from Marek's disease virus-infected chickens. Feather follicular Marek's disease virus (MDV) antigen could not be demonstrated with this antibody by indirect immunofluorescent (IF) staining. Monoclonal antibody directed against MATSA could completely block the activity of eluted antibody and vice versa. By indirect IF staining using eluted antibody and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labelled antichicken globulin conjugate. MATSA-bearing cells were detected in MDV infected and herpes virus of turkey (HVT) vaccinated birds. Blocking of immunoglobulin molecules present on B-cells by anti-chicken globulin is critical in this test. 相似文献
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G S Zhu T Ojima T Hironaka T Ihara N Mizukoshi A Kato S Ueda K Hirai 《Avian diseases》1992,36(3):637-645
Differentiation of oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of Marek's disease virus type 1 (MDV1) was attempted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers chosen from the sequence within the long inverted repeats of MDV1 DNA. PCR of the DNAs extracted from oncogenic-strain-infected cells and Marek's disease tumor cell lines produced a major product containing two or three copies of 132-base-pair (bp) repeat units, whereas PCRs of the DNAs extracted from nononcogenic-strain-infected cells yielded amplified products with various sizes corresponding to the number of 132-bp repeat units. The primers chosen from the glycoprotein A genes of MDV1 and herpesvirus of turkeys also were used for determination of their serotype specificity. The PCR procedure was found to be a simple and sensitive procedure for identification of MDV1 and herpesvirus of turkeys and for estimation of oncogenicity of MDV1. 相似文献
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通过雏鸡MDV攻毒试验选择抗马立克氏病亲本 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对F0、F1、F2亲本经继代No.614血型基因选择后繁殖的F2、F3雏鸡,10日龄以马立克氏病强毒(MDV)攻击至60日龄的死亡率,其父母亲对No.614抗血清呈阳性反应的试验组显著低于其父母亲对此抗血清呈阴性反应的对照组。试验组25个家系中,有14个家系的F2雏鸡死亡率显著低于对照组;F3雏鸡有21个家系的死亡率低于对照组,其中8个家系具有统计意义。肿瘤发生率,以肾脏和腺胃最高,肺脏和神经组织最低。综合血型抗原检测和MDV攻毒结果,从试验组25个家系中选留强MDV抗性家系留种繁殖,继代选育。 相似文献
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Embryo vaccination against Marek's disease with serotypes 1, 2 and 3 vaccines administered singly or in combination 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Marek's disease virus (MDV) vaccines of serotypes 1 and 2 administered in 18-day-old embryonated eggs induced better protection against post-hatch challenge at 3 days with virulent MDV than vaccines given at hatch. Embryonal vaccination with a polyvalent vaccine containing equal quantities of serotypes 1 and 2 of MDV and serotype 3 virus (turkey herpesvirus, HVT) was also significantly more effective than post-hatch vaccination. These and earlier results indicate that protective efficacy of single or combined Marek's disease vaccine serotypes against post-hatch challenge at 3 days can be substantially improved if the vaccines are injected into 18-day embryos rather than at hatch. Injection of vaccines of serotypes 1 or 2 into embryonated eggs or hatched chicks did not cause detectable gross or microscopic lesions in chickens. Vaccine viruses of serotypes 1 and 2 could be isolated from spleen cells of chickens 1 week post-vaccination, and the titer of recoverable viruses was higher in chickens that received the vaccines at the 18th day of embryonation than in chickens vaccinated at hatch. Although embryo vaccination with HVT usually provided better protection than post-hatch vaccination against early post-hatch challenge with variant pathotypes of MDV, the protection was poor regardless of vaccination protocol. If challenge with variant pathotypes of MDV was delayed until embryonally or post-hatch HVT-vaccinated chickens were 21 days of age, protection of chickens by HVT was not enhanced. Thus, resistance induced by embryonal vaccination with HVT was qualitatively similar to that induced by post-hatch vaccination with this virus. 相似文献
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J M Sharma 《Avian diseases》1987,31(3):570-576
Several oncogenic and non-oncogenic isolates of Marek's disease virus (MDV) were inoculated into embryonated eggs on embryonation day (ED) 16 to 18, and embryos or chicks hatching from inoculated eggs were examined for infectious virus and viral internal antigen (VIA) in lymphoid organs. There was no evidence of extensive replication of MDV in any of the embryonic tissues examined. Levels of VIA peaked 4-5 days after chicks hatched. This indicated that MDV remained inactive during embryonation and did not initiate pathogenic events until chicks hatched. Because HVT replicated rapidly in the embryo but MDV did not, in ovo inoculation of HVT simultaneously with oncogenic MDV or several days after MDV resulted in significant protection (P less than 0.025) of hatched chicks against Marek's disease (MD). Little protection was obtained if HVT was given simultaneously with MDV or after MDV to chicks already hatched. The relative susceptibility of the embryo to extensive replication of the vaccine virus but not the challenge virus apparently accounted for protection against MD in chicks hatching from dually infected eggs. 相似文献