高山红菜薹的商品性和营养成分研究

对高山和平原地区红菜薹的商品性、粗蛋白、还原糖、维生素C及干物质含量等营养成分和抽薹期等进行了分析比较.结果表明,高山地区种植3个品种的红菜薹在商品性方面与平原地区的差异不显著;粗蛋白、还原糖、维生素C及干物质含量是高山地区的显著高于平原地区的;在高山地区红菜薹始抽薹期较平原地区提前.     

高山红菜薹的商品性和营养成分研究

对高山和平原地区红菜薹的商品性、粗蛋白、还原糖、维生素C及干物质含量等营养成分和抽薹期等进行了分析比较。结果表明,高山地区种植3个品种的红菜薹在商品性方面与平原地区的差异不显著;粗蛋白、还原糖、维生素C及干物质含量是高山地区的显著高于平原地区的;在高山地区红菜薹始抽薹期较平原地区提前。     

红菜薹栽培与育种研究进展(下)

②雄性不育系的利用田福发等(2004)采用石蜡切片技术,在光学显微镜下系统研究了红菜薹波里马胞质雄性不育系(Polima CMS)、红菜薹萝卜胞质雄性不育系(Ogura CMS)及相应保持系花药发育过程的细胞形态学特征.观察结果表明,红菜薹Polima CMS花药发育受阻于孢原细胞阶段,不形成花粉,属无花粉型,此不育系花药不形成绒毡层和中层;而红菜薹Ogura CMS花药败育发生于小孢子母细胞期或四分体时期,表现为绒毡层细胞异常,挤压四分体,导致四分体和绒毡层同时解体而败育.     

象牙白花兰种子及茎尖培养与原球茎形态发生

 象牙白花兰授粉后5 个月的种子开始具有较高的萌发率; 椰乳或适量激素有利于种子的萌发;种子在萌发后胚发育形成原球茎, 原球茎经过增殖, 分化出叶片和根系, 形成完整的小植株。从播种到小植株的形成历时约7 个月。茎尖在MS + NAA 0. 1 + BA 3. 0 (单位: mg·L^-1 , 下同) + 椰乳10 %的培养基上诱导产生原球茎; 原球茎在MS + NAA 0. 1 + BA 5. 0 的培养基上增殖, 在无激素培养基上分化成芽; 小芽在附加7 %香蕉汁和3 %马铃薯汁的1/ 2 MS 培养基上诱导出根而再生完整小植株。不同pH 值、光照强度和培养方式对增殖效果有显著影响。     

Colchicine- and trifluralin-mediated polyploidization of Rosa multiflora Thunb. var. inermis and Rosa roxburghii f. normalis

Rosa multiflora Thunb. var. inermis and Rosa roxburghii f. normalis are two important diploid species for rose breeding. Interspecific crosses between diploid species and tetraploid rose cultivars result in triploids with generally decreased fertility. A most promising gene transfer strategy is the production of fertile tetraploid plants before mating with tetraploids. In our study, germinating seeds of R. multiflora and R. roxburghii were treated with colchicine, and cotyledon-stage seedlings of R. multiflora were treated with colchicine or trifluralin in order to obtain tetraploid plants. Also, various concentrations of antimitotic agents and different treatment durations were tested. The results showed the antimitotic agents affected the plant morphological characteristics (i.e. plant height, stem diameter) of R. multiflora and R. roxburghii. Twenty-three tetraploid plants were obtained from the germinating seed treatments (21 from R. multiflora and two from R. roxburghii), but no tetraploid plants were obtained from the seedling treatments. The highest rate of chromosome doubling (25.0%) was achieved when germinating seeds of R. multiflora were treated with 0.2% colchicine for 12 h. At the same time, marked morphological variation was observed and analyzed among tetraploid plants and their corresponding diploids of R. multiflora.     

狭叶薰衣草与羽叶薰衣草核型分析

 采用酶解去壁低渗法对狭叶薰衣草(Lavandula angustifolia Mill. ) 和羽叶薰衣草(L. pinnataL. ) 的体细胞染色体进行核型分析。结果表明: 狭叶薰衣草的核型公式为2n = 2x = 50 = 14m + 10 sm + st, 染色体相对长度组成为2n = 50 =L + 11M2 + 13M1, 染色体组型为“2A”型。羽叶薰衣草的核型公式为2n =2x = 22 = 6m + 5 sm ( SAT) , 染色体相对长度组成为2n = 22 = s + 6M1 + 2M2 + 2L, 属于“2B”型。     

Rind blemish of citrus. II. Structure and ultrastructure

Four types of rind blemish on ‘Valencia’ oranges were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. They were the smooth translucent blemishes on immature and mature fruit, the fine textured corky blemish on mature and immature fruit, scabby irregular blemishes, and stippling that occurs on the periphery of blemishes. All blemish types were formed by wound periderm as a result of wind scarring, while stippling was caused by copper fungicides.The smooth translucent type, formed as a result of cork abscission from the fine textured corky blemish, had no prominent phelloderm and evidence of surface injury was slight. The other types had prominent phelloderm, the greatest amount of cork production being associated with the scabby blemish and stipples. The surface of the fine textured corky blemish was made up of cork plates which may abscise and leave remnants of cork cell walls on the surface. These cell walls are subject to weathering as the fruit matures. The angular cork cells on immature fruits were prominent but these were coated with a waxy substance on mature fruit.The phelloderm of blemishes of immature fruits did not stain with toluidine blue O, but the reaction on mature fruit indicated the presence of polyphenols. Staining was most intense with stipples. The influence of stomatal apertures on the blemish was discussed in relation to stippling.     

The tulip shoot apex. I. Structure and development

The development of the tulip shoot was followed from the time the first cells in the axil of a mother bulb scale became meristematic through bulb scale and leaf production to anthesis of the flower and senescence of the bulb scales and shoot. The periods of activity of the shoot apex were recorded and discussed. The life span of a tulip bulb from initiation to its death can be as long as 41 months, but during this time the apex of the principal axis may be inactive for three separate periods which may total 14 months.