幼虫期染镉对棕尾别麻蝇繁殖力及生殖腺发育的影响

通过在饲料中添加重金属镉(Cd)饲喂棕尾别麻蝇Boettcherisca peregrine的幼虫,研究镉对其成虫繁殖能力和生殖腺发育的影响。结果表明,棕尾别麻蝇幼虫在取食含100μg/g、200μg/g、400μg/g和800μg/gCd2+的人工饲料后,成虫的羽化率和寿命都明显下降;但镉处理对成虫的交配率无显著影响,雌成虫的卵巢含卵量与雌虫是否在幼虫期取食镉有关,雌虫在幼虫阶段接触到的镉浓度越高,含卵量越低。成虫生殖腺的发育也与在幼虫期接触到的镉浓度相关,镉浓度越高,精巢和卵巢的长度就越短,生殖器系数也越小。     

农药中间体环氧化合物的液相色谱分析

本文叙述了采用以甲醇 水(80 20)为流动相,用C18柱和紫外检测器分离测定2-(4-氯苯基乙基)-2-叔丁基-环氧乙烷的反相高效液相色谱法。结果表明,该方法的标准偏差为0.1417;变异系数为0.1463%;平均回收率为99.70%;线性相关系数为0.9992。     

Cry2Ab杀虫蛋白对小地老虎幼虫致死效果及体内酶活性的影响

为治理小地老虎的危害,研究了Bt杀虫蛋白对小地老虎幼虫的控制作用.室内生物测定结果表明,Cry2Ab杀虫蛋白对小地老虎初孵幼虫的致死效果高于Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白.取食含有Cry2Ab杀虫蛋白人工饲料的小地老虎幼虫体内的中肠总蛋白酶和类胰凝乳蛋白酶活性高于对照,当人工饲料中Cry2Ab杀虫蛋白含量达到12μg/g时,小地老虎幼虫中肠氨肽酶活性显著升高;而取食含有Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白人工饲料的小地老虎幼虫中肠蛋白酶活性无显著变化.此外,小地老虎幼虫取食含有Cry2Ab杀虫蛋白的人工饲料后,体内谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性显著升高,而取食合有Cry1Ac杀虫蛋白的人工饲料后其变化不明显.     

兰州市表层土壤Cu、Zn、Pb污染评价及成因分析

本文通过调查研究分析 ,对兰州市表层土壤重金属 (Cu、Zn、Pb)含量的空间变化及污染程度进行了评价 ,探讨分析了交通、工业活动以及绿化带对城市重金属污染的影响。结果表明 ,兰州市表层土壤除个别点外均已受到重金属污染 ,其污染程度取决于交通所产生的汽车尾气、扬尘 ;另外 ,工业活动和绿化带对重金属污染的影响也是相当明显的     

Optical brightener M2R destroys the peritrophic membrane of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae

Observations under an environmental scanning electron microscope showed that the peritrophic membrane (PM) of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) was smooth without pores, but there were many pores and slits in the PM of larvae fed with 10 g L(-1) optical brightener Calcofluor white M2R. After incubation of S. exigua PM in vitro with 10 g L(-1) M2R, a significant amount of proteins was released from the PM structure. M2R disrupted the structure of larval PM, resulting in greatly increased permeability and increased larval susceptibility to Syngrapha falcifera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection. Continuous feeding of larvae on a diet treated with a 10 g L(-1) M2R solution significantly retarded larval development and resulted in high mortality. The destructive effect of M2R on PM was transient and reversible, depending on the presence of M2R within the midgut.     

受烯丙异噻唑诱导的水稻叶片蛋白质表达差异分析

采用烯丙异噻唑对空育131水稻进行灌根处理,利用双向电泳技术分析诱导后的水稻叶片和对照叶片蛋白质的表达差异,通过PDQuest8.0.1软件分析比较诱导组和对照组的双向电泳图谱后找到10个差异表达(2倍以上)上调的蛋白质点,取其中表达量较大的8个进行质谱分析。结果显示,这8个蛋白分别具有泛醌-细胞色素C还原酶活性、苏氨酸肽链内切酶活性、苹果酸脱氢酶活性、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶活性、磷酸核酮糖羧化酶活性、交替氧化酶活性、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性和质体特异性30S核糖体蛋白质活性。其中P1、P3和P4蛋白参与植物的呼吸代谢途径;P2蛋白参与蛋白质降解途径;P5蛋白参与植物糖的合成;P6和P7蛋白参与活性氧代谢平衡。研究表明,烯丙异噻唑是通过增强水稻呼吸作用、激活蛋白质降解、促进抗病相关糖的合成和提高活性氧清除能力等从而提高水稻的抗病性。     

Preparation of (R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy) propionic acid by biotransformation

With Beauveria bassiana Lu 700 as biocatalyst an ecologically beneficial process has been developed for the production of (R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy) propionic acid. The fungal strain used in this process, B. bassiana Lu 700, is also a very suitable catalyst for the selective monohydroxylation of other aromatic carboxylic acids.     

草甘膦铵盐对3种滩涂动物抗氧化酶、丙二醛及大弹涂鱼红细胞微核的影响

为评价草甘膦对河口及滩涂水域生物的影响,采用室内人工染毒法,研究了草甘膦铵盐对可口革囊星虫Phascolosoma esculenta、缢蛏Sinonovacula constricta Lamark和大弹涂鱼Boleophthalmus pectinirostris 3种滩涂动物超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、丙二醛 (MDA) 及大弹涂鱼红细胞微核的影响。结果表明:经低浓度 (63.5 mg/L) 草甘膦短时间 (2 d) 染毒后,可口革囊星虫肠组织的SOD、CAT活性值及MDA含量分别为231.54、1.719 U/mg pro. 和0.60 nmol/mg pro.,3种指标均显著或极显著高于相应对照值 (204.88、1.521 U/mg pro. 和0.54 nmol/mg pro.),且随着药剂处理浓度增加,SOD、CAT活性及MDA含量均升高;但当染毒时间延长至8 d时,可口革囊星虫肠组织的SOD、CAT活性值及MDA含量均明显降低,分别为155.67、1.403 U/mg pro. 和0.53 nmol/mg pro.,显著低于对照,且随药剂处理浓度进一步增加,酶活性及MDA含量值降低更显著。草甘膦对缢蛏内脏团及大弹涂鱼肝脏SOD、CAT活性及MDA含量的影响表现出类似规律。此外,经低浓度 (53.5 mg/L) 草甘膦染毒8 d后,大弹涂鱼红细胞微核率及核异常率分别为17.00‰ 和21.33‰,均极显著高于相应对照值 (13.67‰ 和13.33‰),且随着草甘膦浓度增大,其红细胞微核率及核异常率均显著升高,表明大弹涂鱼对草甘膦有较高的敏感性。所得研究结果可为评价草甘膦对河口及滩涂水域生物的影响提供参考依据。     

Design, synthesis and anticoccidial activity of a series of 3-(2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl) quinazolinone derivatives

A series of 3-(2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl) quinazolinone derivatives were designed and synthesized as anticoccidial agents by modifying the quinazoline ring of febrifugine. All the compounds were biologically evaluated according to the ACI method, and four of them exhibited anticoccidial activity against Eimeria tenella in the chicken at a dose of 9 mg/kg. Compound 5e shows ACI value at 173.2 and is as potent as decoquinate. These data suggest that 5e possesses high anticoccidial activity and may serve as a lead compound for the development of anticoccidial drugs in the future.     

农药中间体N-(2-甲基-6- 乙基)苯基-氯乙酰胺的气相色谱分析

本文叙述了采用气相色谱法即用5%OV-101/Chromosorb W AW DMCS（154～180μm）的玻璃填充柱,以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为内标物,用氢火焰离子化检测器对N-（2-甲基-6-乙基）苯基-氯乙酰胺进行定量分析.结果表明,该分析方法的标准偏差为0.273 6,变异系数为0.287 4%,平均回收率为99.56%,线性相关系数为0.999 7.