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荷电喷雾两相流场的试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究荷电喷雾两相流动中雾滴在静电力与流体力的共同作用下运动特性和湍流脉动特性对其传热传质的影响,采用相位多普勒粒子动态分析仪(Particle Dynamic Analyzer,PDA)对荷电喷雾两相流场进行了测量.将荷电两相流动中粒径小于10μm的雾滴作为连续相,其余粒子作为离散相,实现了荷电喷雾两相流动的测量.获得了不同液气比下雾滴粒径、两相速度与湍流脉动强度等随荷电电压的变化关系.试验结果表明:雾滴粒径随着荷电电压的增大而明显减小;不同的荷电电压下气液两相流动速度趋于一致,荷电雾滴具有良好的跟随性;荷电喷雾两相的湍流脉动强度差异较大,雾滴本身在静电力作用下产生较大的脉动. 相似文献
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风送静电喷雾系统的雾化装置设计及流场分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将风送静电喷雾技术应用于农林病虫害的防治有着广泛的前景.为此,针对轴流风送静电喷雾系统设计了内嵌式静电喷头,该喷头采用内嵌式圆柱电极作为充电装置,具有使雾滴雾化均匀、荷电充分的特点.同时,通过多点风速仪对该系统所用轴流风机流场进行测试,获得了气流轴向速度分布以及主体射流段不同输送距离处的气流速度分布,分析了雾滴与气流的跟随特性.研究结果表明,荷电雾滴的轴向运动与气流的跟随性良好,可近似将气体流场的速度分布看作雾滴运动的速度分布,为进一步研究荷电雾滴的运动和沉降规律奠定基础. 相似文献
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双流体荷电喷雾结构的PIV测量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在荷电喷雾流动中,高压静电场产生的库仑力、极化力与流体力耦合作用在雾滴上,从而对带电雾滴的运动特性产生显著影响,在射流边缘区域出现卷吸作用而产生涡漩流动.为了对双流体荷电喷雾结构进行分析,探讨雾滴荷电对喷雾结构的影响以及由此产生的传热、传质强化作用,利用粒子速度场仪测量了石灰浆液双流体荷电喷雾流动流场.用图像采集卡将CCD相机拍摄的流动图像实时传送并储存到计算机中,采用TSI公司Insight 3.3软件对喷雾图像进行处理和分析.试验结果表明:双流体荷电喷雾流动结构具有明显不同与非荷电喷雾的特点,射流流动在库仑力、极化力等电场力的作用下形成具有明显特征的4个区域:主射流区、上卷吸区、下卷吸区和影响区.双流体荷电喷雾从单一的卷吸现象形成了较为复杂的涡漩结构,有利于增强雾滴与周围气相介质的接触,增强雾滴传热传质能力. 相似文献
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在荷电喷雾流动中,高压静电场产生的库仑力、极化力与流体力耦合作用在雾滴上,从而对带电雾滴的运动特性产生显著影响,在射流边缘区域出现卷吸作用而产生涡漩流动。为了对双流体荷电喷雾结构进行分析,探讨雾滴荷电对喷雾结构的影响以及由此产生的传热、传质强化作用,利用粒子速度场仪测量了石灰浆液双流体荷电喷雾流动流场。用图像采集卡将CCD相机拍摄的流动图像实时传送并储存到计算机中,采用TSI公司Insight 3.3软件对喷雾图像进行处理和分析。试验结果表明:双流体荷电喷雾流动结构具有明显不同与非荷电喷雾的特点,射流流动在库仑力、极化力等电场力的作用下形成具有明显特征的4个区域:主射流区、上卷吸区、下卷吸区和影响区。双流体荷电喷雾从单一的卷吸现象形成了较为复杂的涡漩结构,有利于增强雾滴与周围气相介质的接触,增强雾滴传热传质能力。 相似文献
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《排灌机械工程学报》2017,(10)
为了研究荷电射流喷嘴附近的卷吸流动,探讨荷电电压对卷吸的形成、发展以及对雾滴吸收SO_2的强化作用,采用粒子图像速度场仪对不同荷电电压下喷嘴附近的射流流动进行测量与分析,获得了近喷嘴处荷电喷雾射流卷吸流动的速度矢量图、速度云图与流线图,并进行了荷电喷雾烟气脱硫传质试验.试验结果表明:在荷电压作用下,喷嘴处荷电射流边缘区存在不同于常规雾化的卷吸现象,而主射流区流场在静电作用下变化并不明显;随着荷电电压的升高,其环形电极附近场强不断增大,在库仑力与极化力作用下其卷吸程度加剧;卷吸流动能够使雾滴与周围气体介质产生较强的混掺作用,同时也是荷电射流复杂涡旋流动结构形成的重要原因,可以提高脱硫效率达5%~10%. 相似文献
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荷电雾滴群撞击界面过程的PDPA测试 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了研究荷电雾滴群撞击植株靶标界面的过程,研究了适合撞击过程测量的相位多普勒粒子分析仪(PDPA)测试方法,分析了荷电雾滴群撞击界面后形态特征及形成的原因。实验结果表明:荷电雾滴群特殊的空间运动结构决定其撞击植株靶标界面后具有独特的存在形态;荷电雾滴撞击界面后只会产生粘附或反弹而不会发生喷溅;较多细微雾滴的存在导致荷电雾滴群反弹后凝并现象显著,使雾滴的粒径增大而个数减少;单雾滴撞击界面后产生粘附或反弹的判据K的临界值不适于荷电雾滴群的撞击过程,而法向Weber数为30可作为发生反弹现象的参考依据;较大的切向速度能够造成荷电雾滴撞击植株界面后反弹现象的发生;荷电雾滴所具有的部分法向动能在撞击反弹过程中转为切向动能。 相似文献
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荷电多相湍流与一般多相湍流相比,存在流场脉动与电场脉动耦合的复杂运动特征,如何用方程加以描述并利用模型方程模拟这种耦合作用成为荷电多相湍流模拟研究的一项重要任务。在单相荷电流体湍流模型方程和荷电颗粒拟流体多相湍流描述方程建立的基础上,根据目前发展和应用不断扩大的“双流体”多相湍流模型,把荷电颗粒当作拟流体处理,借用拟流体多相湍流描述方程建立的方法,获得了荷电颗粒拟流体多相湍流模型,该模型方程通过电场关联项描述了电场和流场湍流脉动的耦合作用。通过引入电湍能交换系数对电场关联项加以模化,该模型可用于工程中大尺度复杂荷电多相湍流的模拟计算和工业装置的设计。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明:该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献