花生斑驳病毒青岛分离物cp基因序列克隆与分析

 Peanut mottle virus(PeMoV) was detected via RT-PCR from two peanut samples(QD5 and QD6) with mottle symptom collected from Qingdao, Shandong Province.The 3'-terminal 892 bp fragments of their genome were cloned and sequenced.The cp genes of QD5 and QD6 were 837 bp in length and encoded 278 amino acids(aa), with DAA at aa sites regulating aphid transmission.QD5 and QD6 shared nucleotide identities of 95.3%-99.4% and aa identities of 93.5%-99.6% in cp genes with other PeMoV isolates available in the GenBank.The phylogenetic results showed that PeMoV were clustered to three groups, America, Asia and Australia, which were consistent with their geographical origins.This is the first molecular evidence on the incidence of PeMoV in China.     

甘蔗黄叶病毒复制酶基因的克隆及序列分析

 The gene of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) was cloned by RT-PCR from Sugarcane yellow leaf virus-Fuzhou isolate (CHN-FJ1) and then cloned into pMD18-T vector. The sequence showed that the fragment comprised 1 212 nucleotides including part gene of ORF1 and ORF2. The ORF2 was involved the RdRP gene consisted of 995 nucleotides and encoded putative protein of 331 amino acids. Compared the nucleo-tide sequence and encoded putative protein of CHN-FJ1 with the other isolates from different countries, they shared the homology above 92.0%. Phylogenetic tree suggested that the sixteen isolates were classified into four types according to the amino acid sequence of the RdRP. One of the groups contained CHN-FJ1 and the other isolates from China, American, Brazil, Australia and Colombia;however, there was the closest relation between CHN-FJ1 and BRA-YL1 isolate from Brazil.     

引起玉米粗缩病的水稻黑条矮缩病毒山东分离物的分子特性

 Four isolates of Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) were collected from the maize plants showing rough dwarf symptom in Linyi and Tai'an,Shandong province.The S10 genomic sequences of these isolates were determined and compared with those of 14 other RBSDV isolates.All of the four sequences were 1 801 base pairs (bp) long including the 5'-UTR of 21 bp and the 3'-UTR of 103 bp.They all contained an open reading frame of 1 677 bp (22-1698),encoding the coat protein (CP) of 558 amino acids.The sequences of these four RBSDV isolates and those of the major cp gene of 14 other isolates available in the GenBank were divided into two groups in the phylogenetic tree.Recombination analysis indicated that the isolate Lym2 was likely a recombinant of isolates Lym1 and Zhjs.     

来自安徽不同寄主PVY分离物的血清学鉴定及其cp基因分子进化分析

 Tobacco and potato samples showing symptoms of PVY were collected from different regions in Anhui Province, and the ELISA results of partial samples were positive. The total RNA was extracted from the positive samples by TRIZOL methods. Specific primer pair was designed to amplify cp gene of PVY by RT-PCR. Sequencing results indicated that the full length of cp gene of PVY from tobacco (PVY-CP-4) and pota-to (PVY-CP-7) is 801 nts, and each of them encodes 266 amino acids. A phylogenetic tree based on alignment of cp nucleotide sequences was constructed and the sequence comparing of cp gene was conducted. The results showed that PVY-CP-4 could be grouped into one branch with PVY^O and PVY^N:O and shared the highest sequence similarity (99.4%) with PVY^O (EF026074). It was suggested that PVY-CP-4 derived from tobacco in Hefei might belong to PVY^O. PVY-CP-7 clustered together with PVYN and PVYNTN and formed another branch. Furthermore, PVY-CP-7 shared the highest sequence similarity (98.3%) with PVY^NTN(AJ890347), PVY^NTN (EF026075) and PVY^NTN(AJ585342). It was supposed that PVY-CP-7 derived from potato in Wuhe probably belonged to PVY^NTN.     

甘蔗花叶病毒福建分离物外壳蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

 A fujian isolate of Sugarcane mosaic virus named SCMV-FJ was isolated from infected sugarcane. Cloning and sequence analysis of the coat protein gene of this isolate was carried out. A pair of primers was designed and synthesized based on the nucleotide sequences of coat protein genes of sugarcane mosaic viruses reported. The coat protein gene of SCMV-FJ was amplified from the extracted total RNA of the infected sugarcane by using RT-PCR, and cloned into the pMD18-T vector. The sequencing result indicated that the cloned segment included a 1137 bp open reading frame(ORF) and a 228 bp 3' untranslated region, in which the ORF comprised the whole coat protein and part of the nuclear inclusion b. The nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequences of the coat protein gene were compared with those of the other isolates or strains of SCMV subgroup reported in GenBank. The result showed that it shares 56.8%-97.1% and 55.3%-99.4% homology in nucleotide and the putative amino acid sequences, respectively, with the highest amino acid homology of 99.4% with SCMV-D. Thus it was identified as a SCMV-D. This experiment provided a rapid, sensitive and relatively inexpensive method for RT-PCR detection of SCMV. At the same time, the cloning of SCMV-FJ coat protein gene provided the foundation for plant gene engineering against SCMV.     

藜草花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因的克隆与RT-PCR检测

 The nucleotide sequence of coat protein (cp)gene of Sowbane mosaic virus (SoMV)was determined. The cp gene of SoMV consists of 726 nucleotides and encodes a putative protein of 241 amino acid re-sidues. Sequence comparison showed that SoMV was most closely related to Rubus chlorotic mottle virus compared to other sobemoviruses. A primer pair was designed for the detection of SoMV based upon the determined cp nucleotide sequence. An expected fragment with 510 bp could be obtained from SoMV, while no specific band was observed from the healthy control. The result showed that the RT-PCR assay with the primer pair was suitable for the specific detection of SoMV.     

侵染云南花魔芋的马铃薯Y病毒属病毒分离物的检测及分子鉴定

 YN80 was isolated from Amorphophallus rivieri Durieu showing mosaic and crinkle symptoms in Songming, Yunnan province. Flexuous filamentous particles were found in diseased leave sap and pinwheel inclusion bodies were found in the leave tissue. YN80 had positive reaction to universal antibody of Potyvirus by DAS-ELISA. 3'-terminal sequence of YN80 was cloned and sequenced. cp gene of YN80 consisted of 987 nt, encoded 328 aa (36.1 kDa). Sequence analysis showed that YN80 shared the highest identity (97.0%)with CP amino acid sequence of Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV). These data indicated that YN80 was an isolate of DsMV. This is the first molecular identification of A. rivieri Durieu isolate of DsMV in China.     

茄科蔬菜立枯丝核菌的融合群鉴定

 Sixty-five samples were collected from rhizosphere soil, hot pepper and tomato plants showing damping-off, root rot and stem rot in Taian, Shouguang of Shandong province and Zhouzhi, Taibai of Shaanxi province. Thirty-nine Rhizoctonia solani isolates were obtained from these samples. The results of anastomosis group (AG) identification and sequence analysis of 5.8S rDNA-ITS of the isolates showed that thirty-six isolates (92.3%) belonged to AG-4, while only three (7.7%) belonged to AG-5. The isolates of AG4 could further be divided into two subgroups of AG4-HG-Ⅰ and AG4-HG-Ⅲ. The 5.8S rDNA-ITS sequences of the selected isolates of the two subgroups had the 99%-100% identity with standard isolates of AG4-HG-Ⅰ and AG4-HG-Ⅲ (from GenBank). Among the analyzed isolates, AG4-HG-Ⅰ subgroup was the dominant with the frequency of 79.5%. Subgroup AG-4-HG-Ⅲ with the frequency of 12.8% was the second. This is the first report that subgroup AG4-HG-Ⅲ of R. solani isolated from Solanaceae vegetable crops in China.     

小西葫芦黄花叶病毒北京分离物的鉴定及其基因组3''端特性分析

在北京东郊自然感病的南瓜Cucurbita moschata上获得一病毒分离物（BJ-1），经生物学、血清学和分子生物学鉴定，确定为小西葫芦黄花叶病毒（Zucchini yellow mosaic virus，ZYMV）。为分析其基因组3’端特性，以发病叶片中提取的总RNA为模板，对基因组3’端进行RT-PCR扩增，产物克隆到pMD18-T栽体上进行序列分析，共测定了该病毒分离物包括全部CP基因在内的1269bp。该分离物CP基因由837个核苷酸组成，编码279个氨基酸。对包括该分离物在内的30个序列的760bp（含NIb基因3’端56bp和CP基因中的704bp）片段、NIb蛋白与CP蛋白的切割位点、蚜传必需基序的变异、寄主来源及地域来源进行了分析。结果表明，ZYMV不同分离物的基因分型与上述五个因素无明显关系。     

Biological characteristics and nucleotide sequences of three Korean isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is one of the most economically important viruses of cucurbit crops, causing severe mosaic, necrosis, and malformation. Three ZYMV isolates were obtained from pumpkins at Andong (ZYMV-PA), Euiryung (ZYMV-PE), and Suwon (ZYMV-PS), and their biological variability was determined on different hosts, including cucurbit crops as well as other indicator plants. ZYMV-PA caused the most severe symptoms, including severe mosaic, size reduction, and deformation, in oriental melon (Cucumis melo) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) leaves. In contrast, ZYMV-PE and ZYMV-PS caused mild mosaic symptoms on oriental melon and cucumber. The nucleotide sequences of the genomic RNAs were determined and compared to the sequences of other potyviruses, including ZYMV isolates Reunion Island and TW-TN3. Each ZYMV Isolate had a genome of 9593 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tail, and contained 139 and 214 nucleotides in the 5- and 3-untranslated regions, respectively. Each had one large open reading frame encoding a protein of about 351kDa. The nucleotide sequences of ZYMV-PA, ZYMV-PE, and ZYMV-PS were more than 96.0% and the deduced amino acid sequences were more than 98.1% identical. When compared with other ZYMV isolates in a phylogenetic analysis, these three viruses formed a distinct virus clade and were more distantly related to other potyviruses (43.5%–62.8% identity).The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the GenBank database under the accession numbers AY278998 to AY279000 for ZYMV-PA, ZYMV-PE and ZYMV-PS     

实时荧光RT-PCR-步法检测南方菜豆花叶病毒

南方菜豆花叶病毒(Southern bean mosaic virus,SBMV)是我国二类检疫性有害生物,以南方菜豆花叶病毒日本分离物(SBMV-J)总RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR方法扩增病毒外壳蛋白基因及其上游基因的cDNA片断并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体上。序列分析结果表明:SBMV-J cp基因由801个核苷酸组成,编码266个氨基酸,SBMV-J与其它分离物及株系cp基因的核苷酸序列同源性为83%～97%,氨基酸序列同源性为86%～97%。由于SBMV各分离物及株系cp基因的同源性较低,难于设计出较长的普通PCR引物。通过较短引物设计和TaqMan-MGB探针技术,建立了SBMV的实时荧光RT-PCR一步检测方法。该方法的检测低限是0．16 pg,最佳检测总RNA的量是0．16 ng。     

Comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of parental and attenuated isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus

To identify possible sites of viral attenuation, the complete nucleotide sequences of two isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) were determined; a severe isolate Z5-1 and an attenuated isolate from Z5-1 (designated ZYMV-2002). The viral genome of both isolates consisted of 9593 nucleotides in size and contained an open reading frame encoding a single polyprotein of 3080 amino acids. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences for Z5-1 and ZYMV-2002 revealed 14 nucleotide mutations, resulting in seven amino acid substitutions with four in the HC-Pro region, two in the CI region, and one in the NIb region. These results provide a genetic basis for future manipulation of the ZYMV reverse genetics system. The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers AB188115 and AB188116     

一种侵染滇重楼的Potexvirus病毒分离物分子鉴定及其3'末端序列分析

 从云南武定的滇重楼上得到一个病毒分离物Paris-YN,病毒粒体为弯曲线状。利用RT-PCR扩增获得一条1074bp的片段,序列比较分析发现其与马铃薯X病毒属(Potexvirus)病毒3'末端的结构最为相似,且与属内的白三叶草花叶病毒等20个不同分离物3'末端有36.7%~58.9%的同源性;该病毒cp基因长639个核苷酸,编码212个氨基酸(22.8kDa),与20个Potexvirus病毒分离物的CP氨基酸序列比较发现,Paris-YN与白三叶草花叶病毒的CP氨基酸同源性最高(60.1%)。证据表明,该分离物可能为Potexvirus的新成员,暂命名为重楼X病毒(Paris polyphylla virus X)。     

甘肃省南瓜及西葫芦小西葫芦黄花叶病毒病鉴定

利用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附测定(DAS-ELISA)的方法对甘肃出入境南瓜、西葫芦种子及采自河西地区显症病株叶片进行检测,在种子及病叶组织中均检测到ZYMV病毒,其中南瓜种子带毒批次占12.5%,西葫芦种子带毒批次占11.8%。根据已报道的小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus)基因组核苷酸序列,设计引物扩增其外壳蛋白(CP)基因,以ELISA阳性种子或病叶组织总RNA为模板,进行RT-PCR扩增,对预期大小的扩增产物进行测序,结果表明扩增获得的核苷酸序列与世界各地的ZYMV分离物CP基因具有高度一致性,综合ELISA检测和RT-PCR的结果,确定南瓜、西葫芦种子可携带ZYMV,且ZYMV是侵染甘肃瓜类作物的重要病毒种类。     

灰飞虱来源的水稻条纹病毒外壳蛋白基因遗传多样性

 采用单雌产卵法获得来自江苏、云南、山东、河北等地灰飞虱（Laodelphax striatellus Fallén,SBPH）来源的21个水稻条纹病毒（Rice stripe virus,RSV）分离物,提取灰飞虱总RNA,经RT-PCR扩增,获得21个RSV分离物的包含外壳蛋白（cp）基因在内的约1 000 bp左右的DNA片段。测序结果显示,参试分离物的cp由969个核苷酸组成,编码322个氨基酸。采用DNASTAR软件进行分析,21个灰飞虱来源的RSV-cp核苷酸序列和推导出的编码蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性分别为95.7%~100%和96.0%~100%。与已报道水稻来源的32个RSV分离物一起进行序列同源性比较和系统进化树分析结果表明,总体而言RSV-cp较为保守,其遗传多样性首先与地缘相关,从地理位置上可以分成中国云南、中国沿海和日本3个地理种群;其次与寄主相关,在同一地理种群中可以划分为灰飞虱和水稻2个寄主种群。