兰狐和银黑狐免疫球蛋白的提纯与鉴定

采用硫酸铵盐析和Agarose-Protein G亲和层析相结合的方法，从兰狐和银黑狐血清中提取和纯化了免疫球蛋白（IgG），应用SDS-PAGE分析表明：提纯的免疫球蛋白纯度高，重链和轻链的分子量分别为45ku和21ku左右；以犬瘟热病毒（CDV）为包被抗原的间接ELISA试验结果表明：提纯的蛋白免疫小鼠分别制备的抗兰狐和银黑狐免疫球蛋白抗体作为二抗检测CDV阳性血清具有良好的生物活性。本研究制备的高纯度的兰狐和银黑狐免疫球蛋白，对今后狐源CDV等疫病血清流行病学的调查、诊断试剂盒的开发及疫苗免疫效果的评价奠定了基础。     

Pathogenesis of blue fox parvovirus on blue fox kits and pregnant vixens

To study the pathogenicity of a newly isolated parvovirus of blue fox (Alopex lagopus), pregnant vixens and 43 kits of different ages were experimentally infected with the agent. The kits had no clinical signs of disease, even though most of them excreted virus in their feces, and they responded immunologically to viral exposure. Infection during pregnancy appeared to affect the fetuses. A group of 15 blue fox vixens inoculated with the virus produced a statistically smaller number of kits (78) than did 15 untreated controls (131). Vaccination with a homologous inactivated virus preparation appeared to afford protection against reproductive losses. After infection, 15 vaccinated vixens gave birth to 97 kits, compared with 54 kits born to a similar, non-vaccinated experimental group.     

幼狐脑炎母源抗体消退情况监测

本研究采用微量中和实验的方法,对30日龄、45日龄、60日龄幼狐的传染性脑炎母源抗体进行检测。结果显示,30日龄幼狐的传染性脑炎母源抗体水平较高,中和抗体平均效价为1：48.3;在45日龄断乳期该母源抗体平均中和抗体效价显著下降到1：18.3;在60日龄该母源抗体基本消失,多数中和抗体效价低于1：2.9。实验结果表明,45-50日龄对幼狐进行传染性脑炎疫苗首免,能避开免疫空白期和母源抗体干扰,获得较好免疫效果。     

狐营养研究进展

近年来,随着狐狸养殖业的不断发展,狐的营养作为影响毛皮质量及养殖者经济效益的重要因素备受关注,科研工作者对此做了大量的研究工作。文中通过对狐各种营养物质的消化特点的分析同时结合近年来狐营养方面的研究,分别从狐能量水平、蛋白质与氨基酸、脂肪与脂肪酸、碳水化合物及维生素和矿物质元素等的需要量方面进行了综述,同时提出了狐营养研究存在的问题及进一步研究方向。     

Embryonic development in the blue fox

Embryos from vixens at different stages of gestation were measured and photographed. Implantation was observed 16-18 days after breeding. Differentiation and the development of characteristic features were described and embryonic loss was studied in relation to number of corpora lutea.     

The so-called "fox tapeworm"

The so-called "fox tapeworm" (Echinococcus multilocularis), the causative agent of a severe disease in man (alveolar echinococcosis), is presently under public discussion in Switzerland. Therefore, actual information is provided on the life cycle of the parasite, epidemiology, disease in humans, symptomatology, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis. It is recommended that in endemic regions hunters handling foxes should wear protective gloves, dead foxes should be transported in plastic bags and wild fruits, berries and vegetables should be carefully washed and--if possible--heated to more than 70 degrees C for some minutes prior to consumption. After contact with foxes or other final hosts (dogs, cats) infected with E. multilocularis, persons should be monitored with the highly sensitive and specific Em2-ELISA for serum antibodies aiming at an early diagnosis and treatment of a potential infection.     

Ultrastructural studies of blue fox spermatozoa

The fine structure of epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa from blue fox is analyzed by electron microscopy. The result of this investigation seems to indicate that the blue fox spermatozoon is of the same type as that of the dog. The apical body appears, however, to have a rather characteristic shape and to be more well-developed than found in sperm cells from the usual domestic animals.The other structures studied in the different parts of the blue fox spermatozoon including the head, neck and flagellum displayed the same principal characteristics as those in the sperm cells of other domestic species.In a few cases double development of the middle piece could be observed.     

银狐球虫病的治疗

通过病理剖检和实验室检查，以早期确诊银狐的球虫病，并加以施治，三字球虫粉对该病有较好的疗效。此外，环境卫生也极其重要。     

狐狸脑炎病毒的分离鉴定

通过ＭＤＣＫ传细胞从黑龙江某狐场疑似狐狸脑炎病狐的肝脏中分离到对本动物具有较强致病能力的强毒株,定名为ＦＥＶ－Ｈ。经系统鉴定,并与已知国内分离毒株狐狸脑炎病毒ＦＥＶ－８８０１,狐喉气管炎病毒ＦＡＶ－２比较,证实为狐狸脑炎病毒,属犬１型腺病毒（ＣＡＶ－１）。     

Helminths of the red fox in mid-Wales

Two hundred and eighty foxes necropsied over a 4-year period harboured cestodes in the following order of prevalence: Taenia pisiformis, Echinococcus granulosus, T. hydatigena, T. multiceps and Dipylidium caninum. The nematodes Uncinaria stenocephala, Toxocaracanis and Toxascaris leonina, were also found. These findings are discussed in the light of other surveys.