粤选1号匍匐翦股颖新品系果岭草坪 夏季性状及高温胁迫效应

粤选1号匍匐翦股颖新品系是丛Penncross建坪的老果岭中分离出的无性系。在广州地区夏季果岭草坪密度、绿叶盖度、叶片老化指数、抗坏血酸含量显著高于原品种Penncross，叶片质膜相对透性低。持续高温(36℃)胁迫下，新品系叶片中游离脯氨酸含量显著增加，而原品种在高温胁迫第3d才开始显著增加，新品系游离脯氨酸含量明显高于原品种；高温胁迫下新品系叶片可溶性蛋白含量增加并高于Penncross，而Penncross在高温胁迫2d后显著下降；新品系匍匐茎可溶性糖含量增加，高温胁迫5d后，Penncross显著高于新品系；新品系匍匐茎淀粉含量显著高于Penncross；高温胁迫对叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量无明显影响。     

匍匐翦股颖新品系坪用性状研究

以匍匐翦股颖品种粤选1号、新品系粤选2号、粤选3号、粤选5号、2321、2333、2606、2608、2628、2629为实验材料,营养体繁殖建植草坪,研究了其成坪速度及其草坪质量,结果表明：成坪速度的快慢顺序为2629〉2321、2333、2606、2628〉粤选1号、粤选2号、2608〉粤选5号〉粤选3号。4-7月份,所有供试草坪草均表现较好的草坪景观,其评定分值大小顺序为粤选1号、粤选2号〉2608〉2333〉粤选5号〉2321、2606〉粤选3号〉2629〉2628。特别是在7月份,所有供试品种（系）不休眠、不死亡。新品系适宜于高质量的常绿草坪的建植。     

施肥频率对夏季粤选1号匍匐翦股颖果岭草生长影响

510225广东省广州市纺织路东沙街24号仲恺农业技术学院农业与园林学院     

匍匐翦股颖粤选1号品种特性

匍匐翦股颖(AgrostisstoloniferaL. )为禾本科翦股颖属多年生草本植物,产于欧亚大陆;我国分布于甘肃、河北、浙江、江西、贵州、云南等地。匍匐翦股颖为冷季型草坪草,广泛用于冷凉地带高尔夫果岭草坪。为提高匍匐翦股颖在南亚热带地区的越夏性能,从匍匐翦股颖品种Penncross中筛选出无性变异系,通过系统选育培育出匍匐翦股颖新品种粤选1号(cv. YuexuanNo.1),该品种于2004年12月通过全国牧草品种审定委员会审定,品种登记号288。1　品种来源及选育经过粤选1号来自1983年12月播种在中山温泉高尔夫球场果岭的匍匐翦股颖品种……     

施肥对紫花苜蓿分枝期光合特性的影响

【目的】研究不同施肥处理对3年生紫花苜蓿分枝期净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度等植物生理因子的影响。【方法】以加拿大进口紫花苜蓿品种——阿尔岗金为材料,采用美国LI-COR公司生产的LI-6400便携式光合作用测定系统进行测定。【结果】施氮10kg/hm2光合速率极显著地高于不施氮处理,施氮比不施氮光合速率高出8.07 μmolCO2/m2·s (24.05%);施氮10kg/hm2对水分利用率的提高具有明显的作用,氮磷配施效果更好,以P40N10配施效果最好,P20N10次之;施磷20kg/hm2叶片蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度都最高,分别达到了14.88mmolH2O /m2·s、1.01 cm/s和300μmol/mol【结论】苜蓿施氮10kg/hm2有助于提高分枝期叶片光合速率、水分利用效率。在施氮10kg/hm2水平下,施磷20—40kg/hm2范围内,随施磷量的增加水分利用率提高。施磷20kg/hm2对提高叶片蒸腾速率效果显著,并且能明显提高气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度。     

FAST指数在复原乳区分中的应用初探

FAST 指数是评价牛奶热损害的敏感指标,在研究生鲜乳热加工、奶粉及其复原乳色氨酸或梅拉德反应产物荧光强度的变化规律的基础上,评价了FAST指数用于鉴定生鲜乳和巴氏杀菌乳是否添加复原乳的效果。研究结果表明,奶粉生产过程中,色氨酸已经受到破坏,同时,不同奶粉之间色氨酸的荧光强度存在差异。与生鲜乳相比,复原乳中色氨酸荧光强度(FTrp)明显降低,随着生鲜乳中复原乳含量的增加,色氨酸的相对荧光强度线性下降;生鲜乳加热后,其中梅拉德反应产物的荧光强度(FAMP)明显升高,此类物质荧光强度升高也与牛奶中复原乳含量增加呈显著的线性相关;试验结果还表明FAST指数能有效的用于区分生鲜乳和巴氏杀菌乳,以及巴氏杀菌乳中是否添加了复原乳。     

chenping@zhku.edu.cn

 粤选1号匍匐翦股颖新品系是从以匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera L.)品种Penncross建坪的老果岭中分离，经系统选育而成的一个新品系。通过营养繁殖建植的粤选1号匍匐翦股颖新品系果岭草坪，与对照品种Penncross比较，新品系植株蔓延较慢，但分蘖性能极强，有利于快速成坪。成坪后，新品系果岭草坪密度、盖度、色泽、质地均优于Pencross，生物量明显高于Penncross，而春季的垂直生长速度显著低于Penncross。6月份原品种草坪明显发黄，生长停滞。新品系适宜于高尔夫果岭和发球     

Green-turf character during Turf-forming Stage of a New Agrostis stolonifera Strain Yue Xuan No.1

粤选1号匍匐翦股颖新品系是从以匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera L.)品种Penncross建坪的老果岭中分离，经系统选育而成的一个新品系。通过营养繁殖建植的粤选1号匍匐翦股颖新品系果岭草坪，与对照品种Penncross比较，新品系植株蔓延较慢，但分蘖性能极强，有利于快速成坪。成坪后，新品系果岭草坪密度、盖度、色泽、质地均优于Pencross，生物量明显高于Penncross，而春季的垂直生长速度显著低于Penncross。6月份原品种草坪明显发黄，生长停滞。新品系适宜于高尔夫果岭和发球     

匍匐翦股颖新品系酯酶和过氧化物酶同工酶研究

通过垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺浓度梯度凝胶电泳,分析了匍匐翦股颖(粤选1号、新品系2号、3号、4号)和原品种匍匐翦股颖Penncross的酯酶、过氧化物酶同工酶。结果表明：新品系的酯酶同工酶、过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱具有原品种Penncross全部或大多数酶带,出现数量不等的Penncross所没有的新酶带,也出现酶带的减少,另外,新品系的POD同工酶活性明显比Penncross强。     

贵州野生匍匐剪股颖POD等位酶位点遗传变异分析

试验旨在揭示材料间的亲缘关系,从而为促进中国野生草坪草种质资源的收集、保存、以及核心种质资源的构建等具有重要意义,同时也为品种选育过程中亲本选配、后代遗传变异程度及杂种优势水平的预测提供预见性的指导。试验以国外匍匐剪股颖品种KROMI为对照,对贵州三大地区的18份野生匍匐剪股颖材料POD等位酶住点遗传变异进行分析,共检测到两个POD等住酶位点Pod-1、Pod-2。其中Pod-1有八条酶带,迁移率（RF）分别为0．031、0．046、0．065、0．088、0．111、0．131、0．163、0．183;Pod-2有四条酶带,迁移率（RF）分别为0．644、0．667、0．699、0．752;根据POD等位酶基因型分析结果,Pod-1位点等位酶四级结构为二聚体,Pod-2酶位点为单聚体。Pod-1位点合Pod-1a、Pod-1b、Pod-1c、Pod-1d四个等位基因,其中Pod-1a、Pod-1b、Pod-1c在材料中出现频率最高,为主导基因;Pod-2位点合Pod-2a、Pod-2b、Pod-2c、Pod-2d四个等位基因,其中Pod-2c出现频率最高,为Pod-2住点主导基因。根据试验结果,可将供试材料分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四大类。     

高温对匍匐翦股颖果岭草坪草生理特性及再生性的影响

测定粤选1号匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera L. cv. Yuexuan No.1)和匍匐翦股颖品种Penncross 2年生果岭草坪草在38℃高温胁迫下叶片的一些生理指标和匍匐茎再生性。结果表明,高温胁迫下叶绿素和抗坏血酸含量下降,粤选1号叶绿素含量降幅低,抗坏血酸含量明显高于Penncross;丙二醛和脯氨酸含量增加,粤选1号丙二醛含量明显低于Penncross,而脯氨酸含量显著高于Penncross。高温胁迫下粤选1号匍匐翦股颖保护酶(POD、SOD和CAT)活性明显高于Penncross。高温胁迫1-6d粤选1号匍匐翦股颖匍匐茎再生能力明显高于Penncross。     

Inheritance studies with nine characters in Capsicum annuum L.

Summary Information obtained from breeding work with relatively small F₂ populations suggests independent segregation in 12 pairs of characters. Anthocyanin pigmentation in the cotyledon is either recessive or dominant, showing either single gene or polygenic inheritance, depending on parental genotypes. When single gene inheritance was observed, pigmentation was independent of resistance to potato virus-y, of the male sterile-1 (ms1) gene and of male sterile-2 (ms2) gene. However, additional observation suggests that one of the genes involved in pigmentation is linked with the male sterile-1 gene.     

Construction of a linkage map for quantitative trait loci associated with economically important traits in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.)

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is the most widely cultivated and high-value turfgrass species. Genetic linkage maps of creeping bentgrass were constructed for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of gray snow mold (Typhula incarnata) resistance, recovery and leaf width. A segregating population of 188 pseudo-F₂ progeny was developed by two-way pseudo-testcross mapping strategy. Amplified fragment length polymorphism, new developed Agrostis specific expressed sequence tag-single sequence repeat (SSR), random amplified polymorphic DNA and genomic SSR markers corresponding to DNA polymorphisms heterozygous in one parent and null in the other, were scored and placed on two separate genetic linkage maps, representing each parent. In the male parent map, 100 markers were mapped to 14 linkage groups covering a total length of 793?cM with an average interval of 8.2?cM. In the female parent map, 146 markers were clustered in another 14 linkage groups spanning 805?cM with an average distance of 5.9?cM between adjacent markers. We identified three putative QTL for leaf width and one QTL for snow mold disease resistance. The construction of a linkage map and QTL analysis are expected to facilitate the development of disease resistant creeping bentgrass cultivars by using molecular marker-assisted selection.     

甘蓝型油菜同核异质不育系及杂一代的比较研究

通过对三种不同细胞质不育系套袋自交、剥蕾授粉和形态学观察表明：212A属于稳定型细胞质雄性不育系,其主要原因与低温死蕾有关。用这三种不育系与1102C作杂交,其杂一代经济性状均优于213A/1102C和214A/1102C,产量分别比213A/1102C和214A/1102C增产11.1%和7.1%。212A的配合力高,利用其配制的212A/1102C(陕油8号)和212A/116C(陕油6号)分别通过国家和陕西省审定,这两个品种现已在生产上大面积应用。     

谷斑皮蠹和黑斑皮蠹幼虫形态比较

本文总结了谷斑皮蠹(Trogoderma granarium Evens)和黑斑皮蠹[T:glabrum(Herbst)]幼虫的形态学研究成果,对于两种重要斑皮蠹幼虫的一些鉴别特征提出了新的见解,并指出体色和上内唇刚毛形态在鉴定两种幼虫中有重要的意义.     

Germination characters in wild and cultivated Anemone coronaria L.

Summary Achenes of wild forms of Anemone coronaria growing in Israel differ in their germination requirements from achenes of the cultivated de Caen type. The optimum temperature for dark germination was between 10–15°C in the former and between 15–20°C in the latter. Maximum daily rates of germination were higher, reaching 16% per day, and the minimum lag period between sowing and seedling emergence was shorter in achenes of the cultivated than in those of the wild anemone when the two types were incubated under identical conditions. Wild achenes showed a marked post-harvest maturation requirement, and attained full germination, a minimum pre-emergence lag period after sowing, and a maximum daily germination rate only when dry-stored for several months subsequent to harvesting. In the cultivated plant this requirement was far less pronounced or absent. Most embryos in freshly harvested achenes of both the wild and the cultivated anemone were torpedo-shaped but in the cultivated form embryos were larger. In both types embryos remained unchanged in shape and size during dry storage.