共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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离子交换树脂膜吸附土壤养分的动力学研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用从英国进口的离子交换树脂膜和室内埋置法研究了取自河北玉田县的4个土壤吸附土壤磷、钾、钙、镁和锰的动力学。结果表明,在0.5-26h的吸附时间内,随着提取时间的延长,树脂膜吸附的土壤磷、钙量和锰量显著增加,而吸附的钾量减少。 相似文献
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离子交换树脂膜测定肥料养分在土壤中的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在25℃恒温培养条件下,采用离子交换树脂膜(IERM)连续提取法研究了不同肥料(尿素、氯化钾、磷酸二氢钙、缓释复合肥)养分(氮、磷、钾)在土壤中的变化。结果表明,几种肥料养分释放速率各异,缓释复合肥氮、磷养分释放在前期(28 d)释放较慢。用该方法提取肥料养分(N、P、K)在土壤中的释放累积量随时间的增加而增大,用Elovich、双常数、一级扩散、抛物线扩散4种动力学方程来描述二者的关系,拟合度都达到了极显著水平(r=0.863**~0.999**)。用该法测定肥料在土壤中释放养分的变化特性与用其测定的土壤本身养分的变化特性相似。从而提出了离子交换树脂膜法作为一种评价肥料养分在土壤中的变化特性的较理想方法的可能性。 相似文献
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应用离子交换树脂膜测定土壤钾素有效性的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用国产离子交换树脂膜室内埋置法提取测定了我国北方24种土壤的速效钾含量。结果表明,用阳离子交换树脂膜提取的土壤钾与用1mol/L中性NH4OAc及土壤养分综合系统评价方法提取的钾(ASI-K)分别呈显著和极显著的正相关;与盆栽试验不施钾处理玉米幼苗吸钾量呈极显著的正相关,明显高于常用的1mol/L中性NH4OA提取钾与锱某试验玉米幼苗吸钾量之间的相关性。说明可以用国产离子交换树脂膜较好地评价北方土 相似文献
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离子交换树脂膜原位提取土壤有效性养分的探讨 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
连续3年在实验室内和利用盆栽及田间进行了利用离子交换树脂膜对土壤的原位测定,探讨影响树脂膜对土壤中养分离子吸收的因素;制定出一套包括树脂膜埋置方法,时间,洗脱土粒和解吸被树脂膜吸附的养分等的标准方法,称为植物根模拟法(Plant root simulator)。 通过400多个土壤样品测定结果表明,用树脂膜提取的土壤有效氮、磷、钾和硫与用常规化学法提出的量有显著相关。盆栽条件下,树脂膜原位埋置法对预测供试作物油菜吸取土壤有效养分的能力与常规化学法相当,而硫的效果更好。树脂膜在田间直接埋置能合理地表征土壤中硝态氮的分布,并具有同时提取土壤各种有效养分的能力。由于离子树脂交换膜不受地域影响,具有广泛的通用性,因而在土壤养分有效性的研究中应用前景广阔。 相似文献
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应用离子交换树脂膜法评价缓释复合肥料供肥特性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在25℃连续恒温培养条件下,采用离子交换树脂膜(IERM)提取,测定了不同缓释复合肥料(SRCF)在土壤中的氮、磷、钾养分的供肥特性,并与盆栽水稻的养分吸收进行比较。结果表明:56.d内2种SRCF在土壤中NO3--N和NH4+-N养分的日均供应量占普通复合肥(NCF)的3.3%~58.1%,并以NH4+-NNO3--N;2种SRCF的H2PO4-和K+的日均供应量占磷、钾施用量分别为NCF的14.9%、23.2%和92.7%、64.5%。与NCF相比,SRCF氮素和磷素养分在土壤中释放具有明显的缓释作用。Elovich和抛物线扩散方程的b值可分别用来表征SRCF的NO3--N、H2PO4-和NH4+-N、K+养分在土壤中释放后被吸收的日均供肥量。用离子交换树脂膜法提取测定的SRCF养分在土壤中的供肥特性与该法测定的土壤本身养分的供肥特性相似。SRCF氮、磷、钾养分累积释放量与盆栽水稻氮、磷、钾养分吸收量呈显著或极显著的正相关(r=0.869~*0.994**)。用离子交换树脂膜提取测定和评价缓释复合肥料在土壤中养分的供肥特性是一种比较理想的方法。 相似文献
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概述了离子吸附树脂三种不同形式在土壤N素上的应用情况,指出了各种方法的优缺点,并对影响测定结果的因素进行了分析,同时提出了该技术在土壤N素研究中的应用前景。 相似文献
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离子交换树脂在土壤养分测试中的应用及有待解决的问题 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
本文总结了离子交换树脂在土壤养分测试等方面的研究进展,介绍了离子交换树脂的型式、提取土壤养分的方法,并提出了有待进一步研究解决的问题。 相似文献
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Yu‐ying Men Li‐yuan He Ai‐qun Zhang Benny K. G. Theng Hua‐bo Liu Zai‐hua Guo 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2010,173(2):198-206
We have synthesized a novel ambipolar membrane for the simple, rapid, and simultaneous extraction of key nutrients from soil. The membrane was made by adding an anion‐ and a cation‐exchange resin to a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel in the presence of glutaraldehyde as a cross‐linking agent. The synthetic membrane was efficient in adsorbing (extracting) NO , PO , K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions from soil simultaneously. The ion‐adsorption capacity of the membrane was related to the soil nutrient status, duration of membrane–soil contact, and soil water content. The importance of these factors followed the order: soil nutrient status > contact time > soil water content. Adsorption by the membrane of NO and Mg2+ ions from soil leveled off after 48 h of membrane–soil contact but uptake of Ca2+, PO , and K+ ions required a longer contact time for equilibrium to be established. When the soil water content exceeds 55% w/w, this factor ceased to influence ion adsorption by the ambipolar‐resin membrane. The synthetic membrane is potentially useful for the in situ assessment of the nutrient requirement of certain crops at a given point in time. 相似文献
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概述了在农业领域中应用离子交换树脂获取土壤养分含量的研究进展,探讨了树脂的预处理方法、使用形式以及提取土壤养分的基本操作和影响因素,同时提出该技术在提取土壤养分中的应用前景及需要解决的问题。 相似文献
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用阳离子交换树脂膜法和传统化学提取法评估土壤有效钾 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Four testing methods using cation exchange membrane (CEM),ammonium acetate,ASI(0.25mol L^-1 NaHCO3 0.01mol L^-1 EDTA 0.01 molL^-1 NH4F) and 1.0molL^-1 boiling nitric acid,respectively,were used to evaluate soil available K.The soil K tested by CEM was significantly correlated with that by the other (conventional)methods(r^2=0.43^**-0.95^***).The soil K tested by CEM saturated with NH4HCO3(15min extraction)was most closely correlated with that by the other methods(r^2=0.60^**-0.95^***),Potassium availability,as predicted by soil test,was comparable to actual K uptake by canola and wheat grown on the soils in growth chamber.Regression analyses showed that plant K uptake was more closely correlated wiht K extracted by CEM(r^2=0.56^**-0.81^***)than that by the conventional methods(r^2=0.46^***-0.81^***),most colsely correlated with that by NH4HCO3-saturated CEM for 15 min (r^2=0.81^***).and worst correlated with that by HNO3(r^2=0.45^**-0.72^***) 相似文献
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施钾对两种土壤钾素动态变化影响的研究 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10
采用盆栽试验 ,研究黄土和红土母质发育的褐土中和其上种植的谷子中钾的含量变化 .结果表明 :苗期谷子吸钾很少 ,土壤钾变化也较小 ,对照处理的速效钾和缓效钾均有所增加 ,施钾处理的速效钾有所减少 ,但缓效钾大幅度增加 .拔节期至抽穗期谷子吸钾能力大为增强 ,土壤中缓效钾和速效钾急剧下降 ,达到“最低值” .成熟期谷子根系吸钾能力减弱 ,土壤缓效钾和速效钾开始回升 . 相似文献
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Trace element release from forest floor can be monitored by ion exchange resin tubes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Risk assessment of heavy metal input into forest ecosystems requires information about metal fluxes from the forest floor (organic layer) into the mineral soil. Common methods for the monitoring of element fluxes are generally time‐consuming and expensive. Additionally, the reliability of the results is in part contested especially for trace elements, showing very low concentrations which are sometimes even below analytical detection limit. We used ion exchange resin tubes installed below the forest floor to determine heavy metal and As fluxes at 25 forest monitoring sites in Germany. Chloride tracer experiments and the comparison of our data with throughfall and lysimeter data, determined within the Level II monitoring network, proved the accuracy of our method. Mean trace element fluxes based on the resin method were 50 g As ha–1 yr–1, 2 g Cd ha–1 yr–1, 168 g Cu ha–1 yr–1, 176 g Ni ha–1 yr–1, and 186 g Pb ha–1 yr–1.The results show that the organic layer may change into a source of heavy metals after emission has decreased. 相似文献