Clinical features and outcomes of phacoemulsification in 39 horses: a retrospective study (1993-2003)

OBJECTIVE: To identify visual outcome and postoperative complications following phacoemulsification of equine cataracts. ANIMALS: Records of 39 horses (55 eyes) with cataracts were reviewed. METHODS: Eyes with cataracts removed by phacoemulsification were included in the study. Data collected included age, breed, sex, stage and etiology of cataract, unilateral vs. bilateral involvement, and ultrasound findings. Horses were grouped by etiology of the cataract. Visual outcome and complications were evaluated for each group and the overall population. RESULTS: Immediately postoperatively 46 out of 47 eyes (98%) were sighted. Four weeks postoperatively 23 of 29 operated eyes (79%) were sighted [13/18 (72%) eyes with congenital/juvenile onset, 6/6 (100%) eyes with traumatic and 4/5 (90%) eyes with uveitis-induced cataracts], with 18 eyes lost to follow-up. The most common postoperative complications included corneal edema (19 eyes/40%), fibrin in the anterior chamber (11 eyes/23%), postoperative ocular hypertension (9 eyes/19%), synechia/dyscoria (9 eyes/19%), and hyphema (7 eyes/15%). CONCLUSIONS: Prognosis for vision is favorable for horses following phacoemulsification and planned posterior continuous tear circular capsulorrhexis. Success rates depend on age of patient, cause of cataract and pre-existing intraocular disease. The highest success rate occurred in eyes with traumatic cataracts.     

Postoperative complications and visual outcomes of phacoemulsification in 103 dogs (179 eyes): 2006-2008

Objective To describe the postoperative complications and visual outcome after phacoemulsification in dogs and identify risk factors for complications. Animals studied One hundred and three dogs (179 eyes) that had phacoemulsification with or without intraocular lens (IOL) placement including foldable acrylic IOLs between March 2006 and March 2008 at Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Procedure Medical records were reviewed and occurrence and dates of postoperative complications were tabulated. Visual status at the final recheck during the study period was recorded. Additional information including signalment, diabetes mellitus status, operative complications and factors, presence of prior lens induced uveitis, preoperative retinopexy, and cataract stage was collected. Results The majority of eyes were functionally visual (148 eyes, 82.7%) at the end of the study period. Blindness was seen in 18 eyes (10.0%) with reduced vision in 13 eyes (7.3%) at the final recheck. Postoperative ocular hypertension (22.9%), corneal lipid opacity (19.0%), uveitis (16.2%), intraocular hemorrhage (12.3%), retinal detachment (8.4%), and glaucoma (6.7%) were the most common postoperative complications seen in eyes. The odds of blindness were significantly greater (OR = 290.44) in the eyes of Boston terriers compared with mixed breed dogs and with each year of increasing age (OR = 2.00). Conclusion The prognosis for vision after phacoemulsification with injectable IOL placement is good. Boston terriers were at much higher risk for certain complications.     

Phacoemulsification and acryl foldable intraocular lens implantation in dogs: 32 cases

This study evaluated the surgical outcome and complications of phacoemulsification and the implantation of an acryl foldable intraocular lens (IOL) with a squared edge in dogs with cataracts. Thirty-two eyes from 26 dogs were examined. The mean follow up period was 75.9 days ranging from 23 to 226 days. The complications after phacoemulsification were posterior capsular opacity (PCO) around the IOL (n = 11), ocular hypertension (n = 4), focal posterior synechia (n = 4), hyphema (n = 3) and corneal ulcer (n = 2). The complications associated with the IOL were decenteration of the optic (n = 2) and ventral haptic displacement (n = 1). Most cases of PCO were found only around the margin of the IOL, and all eyes had vision during the observation period. In conclusion, the implantation of an acryl-foldable lens with a squared edge at the time of phacoemulsification is an effective method for preserving the central visual field of dogs with cataract.     

Surgical management and histologic and immunohistochemical features of a cataract and retrolental plaque secondary to persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis/persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL/PHPV) in a Bloodhound puppy

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical features, the surgical treatment, and outcome of a cataract secondary to persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis/persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHTVL/PHPV) in a dog. A 4-month-old male Bloodhound dog presented for evaluation of a cataract. A complete ophthalmic examination and ocular ultrasonography were performed. A resorbing cataract with intralenticular hemorrhage, lens induced uveitis, and PHTVL/PHPV were diagnosed. Extracapsular cataract extraction using phacoemulsification was performed. A primary posterior capsulectomy was performed to remove a retrolental plaque with the posterior capsule; the excised plaque was submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. A 41-Diopter intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted. Functional vision was maintained postoperatively during the 21-month follow-up period. Histologically, the posterior capsule was coiled and exhibited duplication. The retrolental plaque was comprised of dense fibrous connective tissue, blood vessels, free red blood cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, a pocket of neural tissue and numerous perivascular mast cells. With immunohistochemical staining, the neural elements were determined to be glial cells compatible with astrocytes. Cataract secondary to PHTVL/PHPV can be successfully treated using phacoemulsification and planned posterior capsulectomy. Posterior lens capsule duplication, mast cells and astrocytic glial cells may be normal components of the fibrovascular retrolental plaque associated with PHTVL/PHPV.     

Morphologic alterations in the anterior lens capsule of canine eyes with cataracts

OBJECTIVE: To examine the morphologic changes in the anterior lens capsule and lens epithelium of canine eyes with cataracts. SAMPLE POPULATION: Anterior lens capsules from the eyes of 25 dogs with cataracts and from an additional 10 canine globes with lenses subjectively assessed to be normal. PROCEDURE: Thickness of each anterior lens capsule was measured by use of a digital microscopic camera and imaging software. All 25 capsules from eyes with cataracts were submitted for light microscopy; 4 were also submitted for electron microscopy. RESULTS: Thickness of the anterior lens capsule increased with age for the normal lenses and the lenses with cataracts; the change with age was similar for both groups. Light microscopy revealed fibrous metaplasia of lens epithelial cells in 7 of 25 anterior lens capsules with focal thickenings of the posterior aspect of the capsule. Electron microscopy revealed deposition of collagen and basement membrane-like material by fibroblast-like cells. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that thickness of the anterior lens capsule in dogs increases with age and that this increase in thickness is not significantly different between normal lenses and lenses with cataracts. In addition, epithelial cells from lenses with cataracts may undergo metaplasia to form plaques composed of fibrous tissue and ectopic basement membrane produced by epithelial cells.     

Evaluation of client perceptions concerning outcome of cataract surgery in dogs

OBJECTIVE: To compare client perception of outcome of phacoemulsification in dogs with information obtained from medical records. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS: 108 dogs (203 eyes) undergoing phacoemulsification from May 1999 through April 2004. PROCEDURE: Data obtained from medical records included signalment, presence of diabetes mellitus, cataract stage, whether surgery was unilateral or bilateral, intraocular lens (IOL) placement, and postoperative complications. Owners completed a survey concerning outcome of phacoemulsification in their dog. Survey responses from owners classified as satisfied or dissatisfied with the outcome of phacoemulsification on the basis of their willingness, in retrospect, to have the surgery performed again were compared. RESULTS: Data from medical records and survey responses were available for 108 dogs (203 eyes). Median follow-up was 3 months via medical record review and 12 months via owner survey responses. Most (81%) owners were satisfied with outcome. The most common reason for dissatisfaction was loss of vision after surgery; however, most dissatisfied owners did not return their dog for examinations. Owner perception of success was not associated with patient age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, cataract stage, or IOL placement in at least 1 eye but was associated with perceived improvement of their pet's vision and activity level. Dissatisfied owners were significantly more likely to report that explanation of risks and complications before surgery was inadequate. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Owner perception of outcome after phacoemulsification in dogs was highly favorable. However, surgical risks and the importance of postoperative examinations, particularly in dogs undergoing visual deterioration, must be conveyed to clients.     

Effect of ophthalmic Nd:YAG laser energy on intraocular lenses after posterior capsulotomy in normal dog eyes

OBJECTIVE: To determine Nd:YAG laser energy requirements for posterior capsulotomy and intraocular lens (IOL) damage threshold for foldable acrylic IOLs as compared to traditional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES: Four groups of five-six fresh canine cadaver eyes were used in this study. The groups included (1) unaltered eyes (2) aphakic eyes (3) eyes implanted with PMMA IOLs, and (4) eyes implanted with acrylic IOLs. Laser energy was delivered to the posterior capsule in grid fashion for 10 sites each of five levels of laser energy ranging from 0.5 mJ to 9 mJ. Number of successful capsulotomy sites was recorded based on slit-lamp observation. Sites of IOL damage were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis of number of capsulotomies and IOL defects per laser energy level was conducted among and between groups using anova with Tukey's HSD test. RESULTS: When comparing groups (a) including all energy levels (n = 25) and (b) by specific energy levels (n = 5), there was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in number of successful capsulotomy sites between IOL types. The 50% incidence threshold for successful capsulotomy was 2.74 mJ for acrylic IOLs and 2.64 mJ for PMMA IOLs. Energy-dependent damage to both types of IOL was detected for medium, high-medium, and high laser energy. Calculated 50% damage threshold was 4.9 mJ for acrylic IOL and 5.7 mJ for PMMA IOL. Damage to the IOL varied subjectively between IOL type, but there was no significant difference in number of defects caused, with the exception of high-medium energy. CONCLUSIONS: Both posterior lens capsules and IOLs were disrupted in an energy-dependent manner with minimal difference in number of capsulotomy sites or damage to the IOL between acrylic and PMMA IOLs. A therapeutic margin between capsulotomy threshold (2.6-2.7 mJ) and IOL damage threshold (4.9-5.7 mJ) was determined to reliably achieve capsulotomies with minimal IOL damage for both acrylic and PMMA IOLs in normal canine cadaver eyes.     

Comparison of flunixin meglumine and flurbiprofen for control of ocular irritative response in dogs

Dogs were treated with the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors flunixin meglumine IV or flurbiprofen topically. Acute inflammation was induced in the eyes by disruption of the anterior lens capsule, using a neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser. Pupil diameter and intraocular pressure were measured before and after inducing ocular inflammation. Both drugs maintained mydriasis and increased intraocular pressure in the inflamed eyes, compared with untreated controls.     

Acute effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser-induced uveitis in dogs.

Dogs were treated with flunixin meglumine, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor; L-651,896, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor; and matrine, a herbal anti-inflammatory drug. Acute inflammation was induced in the eyes by disruption of the anterior lens capsule, using a neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser. Intraocular pressure, pupil diameter, and eicosanoid production in the aqueous humor were measured. Statistically significant effects were seen in the eyes of flunixin meglumine-treated dogs where mydriasis was maintained and aqueous prostaglandin E2 concentration was reduced.     

大熊猫白内障手术临床研究

目的探讨大熊猫白内障摘除合并人工晶体植入手术技术。结果发现大熊猫白内障的晶体核硬度大,超声乳化吸除有困难;由于人与大熊猫眼球解剖结构有差异,人用人工晶体不适合大熊猫。结论需要对较大量的大熊猫进行无创性眼球检测,了解其眼睛的屈光状态和晶状体的屈光度,才能为研制大熊猫专用的人工晶体提供科学的依据。     

Cataract phacofragmentation in horses

Cataract surgeries were carried out in fifty-one eyes of 36 horses over a 15-year period. Cataracts were removed using phacofragmentation and aspiration. Useful vision was restored after surgery in 30 horses. One year after surgery 16 of the 19 horses for which follow up information was available were still visual with several still being used as working horses. At 5-6 years after surgery three horses were still visual. The most frequent intraoperative complication was tearing of the posterior lens capsule. The most frequent postoperative problem was superficial corneal ulceration. Four eyes in three horses developed postoperative infectious endophthalmitis resulting in blindness.     

Implantation of a foldable intraocular lens in dogs

A 1-piece, tripod-shaped, acrylic intraocular lens was implanted in the posterior chamber after phacoemulsification to remove cataracts in 20 eyes of 16 dogs. Biomicroscopy and intraocular pressure measurements were performed at 1, 8, 30, and 90 days after surgery; retinoscopy was performed at day 30. Complications were not encountered during implantation of the lens. All dogs had mild ocular inflammation characterized predominantly by aqueous flare and mild corneal edema at day 1, which resolved completely by day 8; 3 eyes had mild hyphema at day 1, which resolved by day 8. Three eyes developed fibrin in the anterior chamber, which resolved by day 30. Two eyes developed distorted pupils caused by adherence of vitreous humor or fibrin to the incision site. Postoperative intraocular pressure ranged from 7 to 21 mm Hg. Implantation resulted in 9 emmotropic eyes, 5 myopic eyes, and 6 hyperopic eyes. Maintenance of central lens position was excellent in 19 eyes; in 1 eyes, a disclocated superior haptic at day 2 was easily repositioned.     

Microbial contamination of the anterior chamber during cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in dogs

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of intraoperative contamination of the anterior chamber with viable microorganisms during cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, and to evaluate the relationship of contaminant microorganisms to patients' extraocular and nasal cavity floras. Also, the impact of various aspects of the patient history and phacoemulsification procedure on the incidence of positive postoperative anterior chamber cultures was investigated. Twenty-two eyes from 13 dogs presented for elective cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were studied. Preoperatively, microbiologic samples of the conjunctiva, eyelid margins, nares, and rostral nasal cavity were collected. Postoperatively, anterior chamber fluid was aspirated. Samples were submitted for aerobic/anaerobic bacteriologic culture and antimicrobial susceptibility, Mycoplasma culture, and fungal culture. Anterior chamber aspirates collected at the conclusion of surgery were culture positive for at least one organism in 22.7% of eyes. Three aerobic bacteria and three fungi were isolated from the anterior chamber aspirates. Two fungi and one bacterium isolated from the anterior chamber were typed identically, and the bacterium had a similar antibiogram to organisms recovered from the patient's conjunctiva and eyelid margin. No statistically significant difference in contamination frequency was found for the investigated patient and surgical variables. We conclude that intraoperative contamination of the anterior chamber with viable bacterial and fungal organisms is a common occurrence in canine patients undergoing cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, and the external ocular flora is a likely source of some of these contaminating microorganisms. This contamination is independent of the patient and surgical variables investigated.     

Development of glaucoma after phacoemulsification for removal of cataracts in dogs: 22 cases (1987-1997)

OBJECTIVE: To determine factors contributing to glaucoma after lens extraction via phacoemulsification in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 22 dogs (29 eyes) with glaucoma and 21 dogs (30 eyes) without glaucoma after phacoemulsification. PROCEDURE: Medical record review. RESULTS: Eyes at increased risk for glaucoma included those of Boston Terriers, those with uveal or retinal abnormalities before surgery, and those with intraoperative intraocular hemorrhage. Significant differences between groups were not detected for incidence of preoperative lens-induced uveitis, presence of an intraocular lens, or frequency of an acute postoperative increase in intraocular pressure. Glaucoma developed (mean +/- SD) 12.8+/-14.1 months (median, 10 months; range, 0.25 to 55 months) after surgery. Eighteen of 29 (62%) eyes with potential for vision after onset of glaucoma retained vision for a mean of 16.5+/-12.8 months (median, 10.8 months; range, 1.5 to 37 months) after glaucoma was diagnosed. Most of these eyes still had vision at the conclusion of the study period. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Risk factors identified by this study will aid in preoperative counseling of clients and refining selection criteria for candidates for phacoemulsification. Careful follow-up for the remainder of the dog's life after surgery may improve long-term success rates by permitting early intervention before intraocular pressure increases substantially and vision is irreversibly lost. Surgery for cataracts may still be worthwhile in dogs with increased risk of glaucoma, especially if elderly, because of the lengthy period to onset of glaucoma after surgery and the beneficial effects of treatment after glaucoma develops.     

Rabbits' eye globe sonographic biometry

Objective To measure intraocular structures in New Zealand White breed rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus Linnaeus, 1758) using A‐mode and B‐mode ultrasound with a 20 MHz transducer. Procedures In this study, the eyes of 15 rabbits were evaluated for determination of intraocular measurements using an ophthalmic ultrasound unit able to operate in both A and B‐modes. The distances from the cornea to the anterior capsule of the lens (D1), from the anterior capsule of the lens to the posterior capsule of the lens (D2), from the posterior capsule of the lens to the retina (D3) and the complete length of the eye, which corresponds to the distance from the cornea to the retina (D4) were taken. Results The mean values obtained were 2.70 mm (±0.22 mm) for D1, 7.32 mm (±0.40 mm) for D2, 7.10 mm (±0.45 mm) for D3 and 17.12 mm (±0.41 mm) for D4. Statistical analyses using the Student’s t‐test showed that there were no differences between the eyes. Conclusions The study was feasible without the need of pharmacological restraint and yielded normal mean values for ocular sonographic biometry in rabbits.     

Canine cataracts, diabetes mellitus and spontaneous lens capsule rupture: a retrospective study of 18 dogs

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical presentation and surgical outcome of diabetic canine patients with cataracts and preoperative spontaneous lens capsule rupture. ANIMALS STUDIED: A total of 20 dogs and 40 eyes were included in the retrospective evaluation. The patients' ages ranged from 5 to 14 years (mean 8.5 years). RESULTS: All dogs had clinical diabetes mellitus, with the duration since diagnosis ranging from 30 to 240 days (mean 123 days). Cataracts were bilateral and noted to have been present for 14-112 days (mean 39 days). Of the 40 eyes affected with cataracts, 30 had a spontaneous rupture of the lens capsule prior to surgery. The capsular rupture was diagnosed on clinical examination in 28/30 eyes and was noted intraoperatively in 2/30. The location of the capsular rupture was equatorial in 29/30 and posterior in 1/30 eyes. Surgery was performed in 38/40 eyes, with one case lost to follow-up without surgical intervention. Prior to surgery, routine diagnostic ophthalmic examination, ocular ultrasound, electroretinography, and systemic evaluation were performed in all dogs. Surgical procedures included phacoemulsification in 28/40 eyes, with IOL placement performed in 20/28 eyes. Intrascleral prosthesis placement or enucleation was performed in 8/40 and 2/40 eyes, respectively, due to a significantly reduced ERG or secondary glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: The duration of clinical follow-up (19/20 dogs) ranged from 1 to 36 months (mean 12.9 months). All eyes that had cataract surgery with or without IOL placement were sighted at the time of the last follow-up examination. Spontaneous lens capsule rupture associated with diabetes mellitus, cataract and rapid lens intumescence occurs in the dog. Early surgical intervention, prior to secondary complications of glaucoma and loss of retinal function, is associated with a favorable outcome.     

Intracapsular lensectomy and sulcus intraocular lens fixation in dogs with primary lens luxation or subluxation

Objective  To evaluate the postoperative results of lensectomy and sulcus intraocular lens fixation (SIOLF) via an ab interno approach in dogs with progressive lens subluxation or early luxation.
Study design  Retrospective study.
Animals studied  Twenty eyes from 19 dogs presented to the Animal Eye Clinic for lens luxation or subluxation between 1999 and 2006.
Methods  Medical records were reviewed to evaluate preoperative lens position, vision status, intraocular pressure (IOP), and whether surgery was performed on an emergent or elective nature. Lensectomy and SIOLF were performed and postoperative status including vision, glaucoma, and retinal detachment was assessed.
Results  Average age was 8.6 years (range 4–14 years) and 55% (11/20) were terriers. Patients were followed a mean of 29.2 months (range 1–92 months) after surgery. Retinal detachment or secondary glaucoma was observed in 1 of 20 (5%) and 5 of 20 (20%) eyes, respectively, with 1 of 20 (5%) exhibiting both. Mean preoperative IOP was 16 mmHg and preoperative lens position was equally divided between luxated and subluxated lenses. Surgery was performed more frequently as an elective procedure (18/20; 90%) due to normalized IOP vs. an emergency procedure (2/20; 10%). Vision was retained in 70% (14/20) of eyes with a mean time to vision loss of 41 months in the remaining eyes due to glaucoma, retinal detachment, or retinal degeneration.
Conclusions  Complications of glaucoma and retinal detachment after SIOLF in this study were less when compared with previously reported incidence rates in the literature for lensectomy alone which may reflect improved patient selection.     

Long-term complications after phacoemulsification for cataract removal in dogs: 172 cases (1995-2002)

OBJECTIVE: To determine common postoperative complications and risk factors for development of postoperative glaucoma or failure to preserve vision after phacoemulsification for cataract removal in dogs. Design-Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 172 dogs (290 eyes) that underwent phacoemulsification surgery for cataract removal. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed for postoperative complications; prevalence rates for each complication were calculated for follow-up periods of 3 months, > 3 to 6 months, > 6 months to 1 year, > 1 to 2 years, > 2 to 3 years, > 3 to 4 years, and > 4 years. Odds ratios for breed, age, sex, cataract hypermaturity, lens-induced uveitis, and diabetes mellitus were determined with respect to glaucoma and failure (ie, blindness, enucleation, or evisceration). RESULTS: The most common complication was mild posterior capsule opacification. Retinal detachment was uncommon (1% to 2%) for all time periods. Prevalence of glaucoma increased with time, although it remained < 10% until after the 1-year follow-up period. Boston Terriers, Cocker Spaniels, Cocker Spaniel-Poodle crosses, and Shih Tzus had increased risk of developing glaucoma. Eyes with hypermature cataracts were more likely to develop glaucoma. Prevalence of failure increased with time, although it remained < 10% until after the 3-year follow-up period. Cocker Spaniel-Poodle cross and Shih Tzus were more likely to have failure. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Evaluation of breed and cataract hypermaturity may aid in the selection of patients. The increasing prevalence of postoperative complications with time indicated that longterm monitoring is warranted.     

Bilateral phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a great horned owl

CASE DESCRIPTION: A great horned owl of estimated age < 1 year that was captured by wildlife rehabilitators was evaluated because of suspected cataracts. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Nuclear and incomplete cortical cataracts were evident in both eyes. Ocular ultrasonography revealed no evidence of retinal detachment, and electroretinography revealed normal retinal function. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: For visual rehabilitation, cataract surgery was planned and intraocular lens design was determined on the basis of values obtained from the schematic eye, which is a mathematical model representing a normal eye for a species. Cataract surgery and intraocular lens placement were performed in both eyes. After surgery, refraction was within -0.75 diopters in the right eye and -0.25 diopters in the left eye. Visual rehabilitation was evident on the basis of improved tracking and feeding behavior, and the owl was eventually released into the wild. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In raptors with substantial visual compromise, euthanasia or placement in a teaching facility is a typical outcome because release of such a bird is unacceptable. Successful intraocular lens implantation for visual rehabilitation and successful release into the wild are achievable.     

Ophthalmic examination findings in a group of retired racing Greyhounds

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the frequency and types of ophthalmic findings in a group of retired racing Greyhounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Complete ophthalmic examinations of both eyes of 100 retired racing Greyhounds were performed. Anterior segment examinations were performed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Tear production was measured by Schirmer tear test. Intraocular pressures were obtained by applanation tonometry. The posterior segments were examined by binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy following pharmacologic dilation. A photographic record of abnormalities was obtained whenever possible. RESULTS: Mean tear production by Schirmer tear test was 21 mm/min (range 11-30 mm/min). Mean intraocular pressure by applanation tonometry was 16 mmHg (range 9-28 mmHg). The most prevalent anterior segment findings were cataracts (17% dogs, 11% eyes), corneal degeneration/scarring (6% dogs, 4% eyes), and suspected typical and atypical 'pannus' (total 4% dogs, 4% eyes). The most prevalent posterior segment abnormalities were vitreal degeneration (31% dogs, 38% eyes) and chorioretinal degeneration/scarring (7% dogs, 4% eyes). Other findings included anterior chamber vitreal strands, stretched lens zonules, periocular alopecia, a case of mild unilateral chemosis, and a distichium. CONCLUSIONS: Ophthalmic abnormalities are not uncommon in retired racing Greyhounds.