Effects of endotoxin infusion on circulating levels of eicosanoids, progesterone, cortisol, glucose and lactic acid, and abortion in pregnant cows

The effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin infusions (1.0 or 2.5 micrograms kg-1 over 6 h) on pregnancy were investigated in cows in the first, second and third trimester of gestation. Endotoxin increased the plasma levels of prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxane B2 and cortisol, and decreased progesterone. The severity of the clinical signs and the magnitude of the increases in plasma PGs, thromboxane B2 and cortisol tended to depend on the dose of endotoxin, but were independent of the gestation period. There was hyperglycemia followed by hypoglycemia and lactic acidemia. Hyperglycemia and lactic acidemia were significant only at the high dose of endotoxin. Endotoxin infusion at both doses caused a preferential mobilization of oleic acid from adipose tissue, and also had some effects on the mobilization of palmitic and stearic acids during the post-infusion period. The cows in the first trimester of gestation were more sensitive to the abortifacient effect of endotoxin than cows in the second and third trimester of gestation. The results of this study indicate that the mechanism of endotoxin-induced abortion in cows initially involves a prolonged release of PGF2 alpha and its subsequent stimulant effect on uterine smooth muscle contraction and luteolytic effect leading to a gradual decline in the plasma levels of progesterone. It was concluded that pregnancy terminates in the absence of an adequate level of progesterone, especially during the first trimester of gestation, when progesterone of extraluteal origin is not yet available, coupled with the PGF2 alpha-induced propulsive contraction of the uterus. In addition, the metabolic and circulatory failures in severe cases of endotoxemia, especially at the high dose of endotoxin, resulting either directly or indirectly via the release of various autacoids, catecholamines and cortisol, may also contribute to the termination of pregnancy at any stage of gestation.     

Incorporation in vitro of 14C fatty acids into bovine sebaceous gland and dermal lipids

A study has been made of the incorporation in vitro of 14C palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids into the skin lipids of cattle. Linoleic acid was incorporated into the triglyceride (triacylglycerol) fraction of the sebaceous gland lipid at a greater rate than palmitic and oleic acids. Its incorporation was much greater when presented as a free acid than when presented either as cholesteryl linoleate or linoleoyl lecithin. However, the ability of cholesteryl ester and phospholipid to make a substantial indirect contribution of linoleic acid to sebum triglyceride synthesis by hydrolytic release of fatty acid was indicated. The association between the observed preferential incorporation of linoleic acid into the sebum triglycerides and the uniquely unsaturated triglycerides found on the skin surface of cattle is discussed.     

分散户养奶牛的鲜奶脂肪酸营养

用气相色谱法测定个体农户饲养的 1 66头奶牛的鲜奶中脂肪酸百分含量。其中豆蔻酸平均含量为 9.49± 2 .0 6,变异系数 ( CV)为 2 1 .71 %,95%置信区间 ( CL)为 9.1 7～9.81。棕榈酸 X±SD=2 4 .47± 3.2 2 ,,CV=1 3.1 6%,95%CL=2 3.97～ 2 4 .97。硬脂酸 X± SD=1 4.83± 2 .31 ,CV=1 5.58%,95%CL =1 4.47～ 1 5.1 9。油酸 X± SD=33.85± 3.99,CV=1 1 .79%,95%CL=33.2 4～ 34.46。亚油酸 X± SD=9.91± 2 .54,CV=2 5.63%,95%CL=9.52～ 1 0 .30。其它脂肪酸 X± SD=7.45± 1 .99,CV=2 6.71 %,95%CL=7.1 4～ 7.76。 95%容许区间 ( 95%TI) ,豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和其它脂肪酸依次为 5.41～1 3.57、1 8.0 9～ 30 .85、1 0 .2 6～ 1 9.40、2 5.95～ 41 .75、4.89～ 1 4.93和 3.51～ 1 1 .39。棕榈酸与硬脂酸相关系数 r=- 0 .4435* * ,硬脂酸与油酸 r=0 .2 31 9* ,棕榈酸与油酸 r=- 0 .491 7* *。     

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid alters fatty acid composition of pig skeletal muscle and fat

The dietary dose responsiveness of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) addition relative to the fatty acid profile of edible lean tissue was examined in grower pigs treated with or without porcine somatotropin (pST). Gilts and barrows were fed CLA at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0% of diet by weight from 20 to 55 kg BW. Additional pigs were administered (pST) at 0 or 100 microg x kg BW x d(-1) and fed either 0.5 or 2.0% CLA. Animals were fed diets containing 18% CP, 1.2% lysine, and 3.5 Mcal of DE/kg at 110% of ad libitum intake. The fatty acid profile in latissimus dorsi and dorsal s.c. adipose tissue samples was determined by gas chromatography. Dietary CLA replacement of corn oil increased the percentage of total fatty acids as stearic acid, whereas the percentages as oleic and linolenic acids were reduced in lattisimus muscle. Treatment with CLA + pST increased the percentages of linoleic and arachidonic acids while reducing the percentages of palmitic and oleic acids in lattisimus muscle. Dietary CLA increased the percentages of palmitic and stearic acids in s.c. adipose tissue while reducing the percentages of oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids. The percentage of palmitic acid was reduced in s.c. adipose tissue, whereas linoleic acid was increased with CLA + pST. No synergistic effect was detected between CLA and pST for reducing carcass lipid content in grower pigs. However, pST increased the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lattisimus muscle and s.c. adipose tissue while reducing the percentages of saturated fatty acids in swine fed CLA.     

Effect of fatty acids added to the milk replacer on white scour and excretion of fatty acids in Holstein calves

In order to examine the relationship between white scour and fatty acids, we added fatty acids to the milk replacer. Twenty healthy Holstein calves were divided into 4 groups, five calves per group; a control group with no fortified fatty acid, and 3 groups fed either with oleic, stearic, or palmitic acid, respectively. The calves were fed milk replacer (5% of the calf's body weight) twice a day but the fatty acids (2 wt % of milk replacer) were added only once. The fecal and blood samples were obtained at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h after feeding of the acids. All five calves in the palmitic acid group, and 3 out of 5 calves each in the stealic and the oleic acid groups had whitish feces after feeding fatty acid. The stearic acid group had a significantly elevated stearic acid concentration in the feces during 24–36 h compared to the pre-feeding level. The fecal concentration of palmitic acid increased significantly at 24–36 h in the palmitic acid group. We concluded that the long-chain saturated fatty acids are one of the causes of white scour in calves.     

Daily pattern of some fatty acids in the athletic horse

In the sport field, non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are important for the physical performance during the aerobic exercise of short intensity and long duration. In man, rat, goat and in the sedentary horse studies on the chronometabolism showed the presence of a circadian rhythm of the plasmatic concentration of NEFA while data for the athletic horse are lacking. To define a chronogram helpful for a specific planning and the differentiation of the training programmme in the athletic horse, the circadian pattern of some fatty acids (NEFA, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids) was studied in five Sella Italiana horses. These horses trained following a daily model of activity consisting of walk, trot, gallop and jump of obstacles of different heights. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein every 4 h, starting at 08:00 hours, for 2 days to assess the concentrations of total NEFA (by spectrophotometry), palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids (by gas chromatography). anova for repeated measures showed a statistical significant effect of the time of the day in NEFA, oleic and linolenic acids. The application of the periodic model showed the periodic pattern of NEFA, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. Acrophases were in the afternoon for all parameters. The results obtained showed a different trend of the circadian pattern of the studied parameters in the athletic horse than in the sedentary one because the physical activity and the post‐prandial metabolism acted as zeitgebers.     

Output of triglyceride from the sebaceous gland and to the skin surface of cattle

Radiolabelled fatty acids, when injected intradermally into cattle skin, were largely incorporated into the triglyceride and phospholipid fractions of the sebaceous gland lipids. Linoleic acid was incorporated into the triglycerides to a greater extent than oleic or palmitic acids, whereas the phospholipids had a greater affinity for palmitic acid. The peak uptake of linoleic acid into the glandular triglyceride fraction was at about 61 hours compared with 52 hours and three hours for oleic and palmitic acids. Radioactively 14C labelled triglycerides appeared on the skin surface within one day of intradermal injection of 14C linoleic acid. At an ambient temperature of 20 degrees C, a single output-peak occurred at nine days while at 35 degrees C two peaks at four and eight to nine days were observed. From the data an estimate of 6.5 days for the mean storage time of sebum triglycerides in the hair follicle canal at 20 degrees C has been made.     

Development of divergent lines of lean and fat broilers using plasma very low density lipoprotein concentration as selection criterion; results over the fourth generation and lack of effect of dietary fat on performance and carcase fat content

Comparisons were made of the performance and carcase composition of lean and fat broilers from the 4th generation of a breeding experiment which were fed diets containing 25 or 80 g fat/kg. Selection over the 4th generation resulted in continued divergence in the selection trait and the correlated responses of total body lipid and protein contents and the efficiencies of conversion of food and dietary protein. In both lines body weight, efficiency of food utilisation and total body lipid and protein contents were unaffected by dietary fat content. Tissue fatty acid composition was influenced by dietary and genetic factors: dietary fat increased the proportions of linoleic and oleic acids at the expense of palmitic, palmitoleic and stearic acids whilst greater body fatness increased the proportion of palmitoleic at the expense of linoleic acid.     

不同种类脂肪酸对延边黄牛骨骼肌卫星细胞成脂转分化的影响

试验旨在探究用同一浓度不同种类的脂肪酸单体（油酸、硬脂酸、棕榈油酸及棕榈酸）处理延边黄牛骨骼肌卫星细胞（BSC）,研究其对脂肪生成相关基因表达及脂滴形成的影响。从18月龄延边黄牛半膜肌中分离提取骨骼肌卫星细胞进行体外培养,在分化培养基中分别添加100 μmol/L油酸（OA）、硬脂酸（SA）、棕榈油酸（POA）和棕榈酸（PA）培养96 h,油红O染色观察脂滴生成情况,并利用实时荧光定量PCR法检测与脂肪生成相关基因过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）、固醇调节原件结合蛋白1（SREBP1）、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶（SCD）、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α（C/EBPα）的表达。油红O染色结果显示,与对照组相比,所有的脂肪酸处理组细胞均有脂滴形成,油酸和棕榈油酸处理组相对于棕榈酸和硬脂酸处理组在肌管内形成的脂滴数量更多,且脂滴的形态较大。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,在延边黄牛骨骼肌卫星细胞中添加油酸和棕榈油酸等不饱和脂肪酸增加了与脂肪合成相关基因PPARγ、SREBP1、C/EBPα的表达,抑制了SCD基因的表达;添加饱和脂肪酸（硬脂酸和棕榈酸）则在促进PPARγ、SREBP1、C/EBPα基因表达的同时也显著增加了SCD基因的表达（P < 0.05）。结果表明,添加脂肪酸可以诱导延边黄牛骨骼肌卫星细胞向脂肪细胞转分化。     

Plasma and Follicular Fluid Fatty Acid Profiles in Dairy Cows

Composition of follicular fluid to which the preovulatory follicle is exposed may be one of the major factors determining subsequent fertility, as fatty acids are a precursor of hormones involved in dominance, ovulation and atresia mechanisms. The objective of this paper is to observe fatty acid profiles in various lipid classes according to estrogenic activity of follicles. For each of the 18 cows, we analysed plasma and follicular fluid fatty acid profiles of phospholipids, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), cholesteryl esters and triglycerides fractions. Follicles were classified as active (ratio oestrogen to progesterone E2/P4 > 1) and inactive (E2/P4 < 1). For seven cows, we get both types of follicles, six had only one active follicle and five cows had only one inactive follicle. The NEFA profile for palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, C20:3n6, arachidonic acid and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; p < 0.001) is different between inactive and active follicles and plasma. Compared with active follicular fluid and plasma, follicular fluid of inactive follicles showed lower stearic acid, higher oleic acid, arachidonic acid and DPA (p < 0.05) in phospholipids. No significant differences were observed in the cholesteryl ester fraction, which is composted mainly of linoleic acid. Triglyceride concentrations were too low to get reliable results. This study suggests that follicles have a specific fatty acid metabolism depending on oestrogen activity.     

The effect of feeding hemp seed meal to laying hens

Seed of the hemp cultivar Unika-b was cold-pressed to obtain hemp seed meal (HSM) containing 307 g/kg crude protein and 164 g/kg ether extract (60 g/kg linoleic acid, 120 g/kg alpha-linolenic acid, 160 g/kg oleic acid, lesser amounts of palmitic, stearic, and gamma-linolenic acids). For 4 weeks, 102 43-week-old DeKalb Sigma hens were fed on isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing 0, 50, 100 or 200 g/kg HSM. Eggs were collected for fatty acid analysis during the fourth week of feeding these diets. No significant differences were found between feed treatments for egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, body weight change or egg quality. Increasing dietary inclusion of HSM produced eggs with lower concentrations of palmitic acid and higher concentrations of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids.     

Decrease in stearic acid proportions in adipose tissues and liver lipids in fatty liver of dairy cows

Samples of liver and perirenal, mesenteric and subcutaneous fat were collected from 16 sick necropsied dairy cows to evaluate the fatty acid profiles in the hepatic and adipose tissues associated with advanced fatty liver or hepatic lipidosis. Hepatic triglyceride and eight fatty acids were measured in the hepatic and adipose tissues. Six cows had more than 3% triglyceride on fresh weight in their livers and were classified as having fatty liver. Stearic and linoleic acid proportions in the liver decreased markedly with increased hepatic triglyceride levels, while the proportion of palmitic and oleic acids increased. The most striking fluctuations in hepatic lipidosis were manifested as decreased stearic acid in the adipose tissues including subcutaneous fat with the trend of decreasing stearic acid. Palmitic acid was elevated in hepatic and perirenal fat in fatty liver cows. In instances of advanced hepatic lipidosis, palmitoleic acid increased in only subcutaneous fat and not in perirenal or mesenteric fat. In addition to the proportions of hepatic fatty acids in fatty liver, this study also clarified the fluctuations observed in the profiles of fatty acids of the adipose tissues in cows with advanced hepatic lipidosis, particularly the decline in the proportions of stearic acid.     

奶牛常用饲料营养特性及脂肪酸组成特点的研究

用常规分析方法和气相色谱法分别测定奶牛常用20种精粗饲料的常规营养成分及其脂肪酸组成和含量。结果显示,饲料中高级脂肪酸主要有棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸,且不同来源的饲料其营养特性和脂肪酸组成和含量不一样。     

Studies on acid oils and fatty acids for chickens. II. Effect of free fatty acid content and degree of saturation of free fatty acids and neutral fat on fatty acid digestibility

1. Two experiments were designed to study the influence of free fatty acid content and degree of saturation of free fatty acids and neutral fat on digestibility of added fats and fatty acids. Sunflower oil and tallow were used as neutral fats, and palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids as free fatty acids. Fat inclusion was 80 g/kg and mixtures of each fat and each free fatty acid were prepared in the proportions 100:0, 70:30 and 40:60.

2. Experimental diets were evaluated for fat and fatty acid digestibilities with broiler chickens at 21 d of age. The metabolisable energy of fat was calculated from the product of digestibility and gross energy. Increasing concentrations of saturated free fatty acids decreased the ME of added fat, whereas unsaturated free fatty acids did not significantly affect the ME value of added fat.

3. Digestibilities of individual fatty acids were analysed by linear regression with rate of inclusion of free fatty acid in the fat blend: palmitic and stearic acids gave a negative slope, whereas oleic and linoleic acids gave a slope not statistically different from zero. Because slopes for saturated fatty acids did not differ between the sunflower oil and tallow treatments, synergism between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids was not detected.     

Influence of Carotino oil on in vitro rumen fermentation,metabolism and apparent biohydrogenation of fatty acids

The study appraised the effects of Carotino oil on in vitro rumen fermentation, gas production, metabolism and apparent biohydrogenation of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. Carotino oil was added to a basal diet (50% concentrate and 50% oil palm frond) at the rate of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% dry matter of the diet. Rumen inoculum was obtained from three fistulated Boer bucks and incubated with 200 mg of each treatment for 24 h at 39°C. Gas production, fermentation kinetics, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), metabolizable energy and free fatty acids were determined. Carotino oil did not affect (P > 0.05) gas production, metabolizable energy, pH, IVOMD, IVDMD, methane, total and individual VFAs. However, Carotino oil decreased (P < 0.05) the biohydrogenation of linoleic and linolenic acids but enhanced (P < 0.05) the biohydrogenation of oleic acid. After 24 h incubation, the concentrations of stearic, palmitic, pentadecanoic, myristic, myristoleic and lauric acids decreased (P < 0.05) while the concentration of linolenic, linoleic, oleic and transvaccenic acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLAc9t11) increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of Carotino oil. Carotino oil seems to enhance the accumulation of beneficial unsaturated fatty acids without disrupting rumen fermentation.     

Comparison between wheat, triticale, rye, soyabean oil and strain of laying bird on the production, and cholesterol and fatty acid contents of eggs.

1. The effects of feeding three types of cereal grain (wheat, triticale or rye) and soyabean oil (0 or 20 g/kg) over a 12-week period on the production, yolk cholesterol and yolk fatty acid concentrations of three strains of laying pullets were studied. 2. Pullets fed on wheat- or triticale-based diets had higher body weight gains, egg productions, egg weights, egg mass and lower yolk cholesterol concentrations than pullets fed on rye-based diets. However, there were no significant differences between the cereals in yolk cholesterol content. 3. There were no significant differences between the three cereals in total food consumption of pullets nor of yolk weight nor yolk concentration of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids. 4. Pullets fed on triticale-based diets had higher yolk linoleic acid concentrations and lower yolk oleic acid: linoleic acid ratios than pullets fed on rye- or wheat-based diets. 5. Soyabean oil supplementation increased egg production, egg mass, yolk linoleic concentration and yolk unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio, but reduced yolk oleic acid: linoleic acid ratio. 6. There were differences between strains of pullets in weight gain, food consumption, rate of lay, egg weight and yolk cholesterol, but not in yolk fatty acid concentrations. 7. It was concluded that wheat- or triticale-based diets gave good production of eggs of lower cholesterol content, that soyabean oil supplementation gave eggs with a high unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio and that two strains of layers produced eggs with lower yolk cholesterol concentrations than a third strain.     

Effect of high-oil corn or added corn oil on ruminal biohydrogenation of fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid formation in beef steers fed finishing diets

Three Angus steers (410 kg) cannulated in the proximal duodenum were used in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid level and oil source on ruminal biohydrogenation and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) outflow. Dietary treatments included: 1) typical corn (TC; 79.2% typical corn), 2) high-oil corn (HOC; 79.2% high-oil corn), and 3) the TC diet with corn oil added to supply an amount of lipid equal to the HOC diet (OIL; 76.9% TC + 2.4% corn oil). Duodenal samples were collected for 4 d following 10-d diet adaptation periods. Data were analyzed with animal, square, period, and treatment in the model and planned, nonorthogonal contrasts were used to test the effects of dietary lipid content (TC vs HOC and OIL) and oil source (HOC vs OIL) on ruminal biohydrogenation. Intake and duodenal flow of total long-chain fatty acids were increased (P < 0.05) by over 63% for diets containing more lipid regardless of oil source. Apparent ruminal dry matter and long chain fatty acid digestibilities were not altered (P > 0.05) by dietary lipid level or oil source. Ruminal biohydrogenation of total and individual 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids was greater (P < 0.05) for diets with higher lipid content. Biohydrogenation of oleic acid was greater (P < 0.05) for HOC than OIL, but biohydrogenation of linoleic acid was lower (P < 0.05) for HOC than OIL. Duodenal flows of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and arachidic acids were more than 30% greater (P < 0.05) for diets containing more lipid. Flow of all trans-octadecenoic acids was greater (P < 0.05) for diets containing more lipid. Corn oil addition increased (P < 0.05) the flow of trans-10 octadecenoic acid and the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of CLA by threefold compared to feeding high-oil corn. Feeding high-oil corn or adding corn oil to typical corn rations increased intake, biohydrogenation, and duodenal flow of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids. Compared with high-oil corn diets, addition of corn oil increased duodenal flow of trans-10, trans-12 and cis-12 isomers of octadecenoic acid and the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of CLA. The amount of cis-9, trans-11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid flowing to the duodenum was less than 260 mg/d, a value over 20 times lower than flow of trans-11 vaccenic acid indicating the importance of tissue desaturation for enhanced conjugated linoleic acid content of beef.     

Whole body cholesterol, fat, and fatty acid concentrations of mice (Mus domesticus) used as a food source.

The concentrations of dry matter, cholesterol, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and 29 fatty acids were measured in four size categories of whole mice (Mus domesticus) that are commonly fed to zoo animals. Dry matter increased with age/size of mice, whereas cholesterol decreased with age/size. Significant differences in fatty acid content were found among mice categories with capric, lauric, and myristic acids. Mice categories had similar levels of palmitic, palmitoleic, heptadecenoic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, gamma linolenic, alpha linolenic, eicosenoic, eicosadienoic, arachidonic, docosahexaenoic, and lignoceric acids. Analyzed lipid content of mice exceeded domestic carnivorous animal requirements for linoleic and arachidonic acids. The fatty acid levels in mice were high, falling between published values in beef and fish. Generally, mice contained higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including the omega-3 fatty acids, and lower levels of saturated fatty acids than beef. Although fatty acid levels met or exceeded some dietary requirements for carnivores and omnivores, a possibility of excessive levels exists that could lead to eye and tissue abnormalities. Furthermore, as the intake of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids increases, the dietary requirement for vitamin E increases. Thus, it is important that lipid profiles of feeder mice be known and considered when examining captive animal diets.     

The effect of fatty acids in the feed on xanthine dehydrogenase activity in the Japanese quail]

The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of different fatty acids on the amino acid catabolism judged on the level of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). The model system of protein depletion with subsequent repletion was used in the trial consisted of Japanese quails 71 days old. In the period of protein repletion, the fatty acid (stearic, palmitic, oleic, linolenic, linoleic and lauric, respectively) was used instead of common fatty compound in the diet. Specific activities of XDH in liver, kidneys and pancreas of quails were tested dynamically from the first to the eighth day of feeding. It was demonstrated that neither lauric, palmitic nor oleic acid, respectively, had an effect on the development of the specific activity of XDH (Fig. 3). Stearic acid as a sole fatty compound in the diet however evoked reactibility of XDH in liver or in pancreas in different way as in kidneys (Fig. 4). The dynamics of the XDH development in kidneys was practically identical than that in the control. However, XDH in liver and pancreas raised statistically already from the first day of feeding. The effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on the development of specific activity of XDH were organ selective, too (Fig. 5). XDH in kidneys was shown in the same manner as in the control group. In liver and pancreas, however, the specific activity of XDH was diminished markedly just from the first day of feeding.     

两种云南地方鸡肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸含量比较研究

为比较尼西鸡和无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量,选取尼西鸡和无量山乌骨鸡各44羽,测定胸肌和腿肌中17种氨基酸和18种脂肪酸的含量,比较分析其差异性。结果显示,尼西鸡和无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中谷氨酸含量均最高,其次是天冬氨酸和赖氨酸,含量最低的是半胱氨酸;无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中的必需氨基酸（EAA）含量和必需氨基酸/总氨基酸（EAA/TAA）均极显著高于尼西鸡（P < 0.01）,而鲜味氨基酸含量（尤其是谷氨酸的含量）极显著低于尼西鸡（P < 0.01）;这两种鸡肌肉中的脂肪酸均以油酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸和花生四烯酸为主,其余的脂肪酸含量较低;无量山乌骨鸡肌肉中的总脂肪酸含量、多不饱和脂肪酸含量、不饱和脂肪酸含量和必需脂肪酸含量均极显著高于尼西鸡（P < 0.01）。