提高沙棘造林成活率的机理与途径

通过研究黄土高原地区沙棘造林后幼苗水分平衡与成活率的关系，证明维持幼苗水分平衡是提高沙棘造林成活率的关键环节，据此提出了几种应在生产中推广的抗旱造林技术措施。     

提高移植苗木成活率的技术探讨

分析了提高苗木移栽成活率的关键技术,包括移栽前准备、整地及土壤改良、移栽时间、苗木起挖、苗木起运、定植、苗木管理及病虫害预防等方面内容,为提高苗木移栽成活率提供技术参考.     

提高苗木栽植成活率的土方法

干旱地区及干旱季节造林成活率普遍较低。为了提高造林成活率，大面积栽植时一般采用容器苗。如水源不便及进行小面积栽植或补植时，采取以下几种栽植苗木的土办法，可明显提高栽植成活率。     

提高干旱风沙区造林成活率的技术措施总结

采用苗木栽植成活原理和系统分析方法，对影响苗木栽植成活的各因素进行了分析，在此基础上，提出了提高造林成活率的一些具体措施，对干旱风沙区的林业生产有参考意义     

走出一条造林新路——干旱山区提高造林成活率的措施

湟中县是青海省的农业大县、人口大县，也是生态环境形势非常严峻的县份，干旱、洪水、水土流失等自然灾害都同森林植被少有关。虽然森林覆盖率由1978年的9％增加到现在的30％，但干旱地区覆盖率仍在10％以下。分析其根源，主要是造林成活率低，这也是湟中县林业建设最为突出的一个问题。近几年来，湟中县连续春旱严重，造林成活率逐年下降，面对这种状况，如何调整思路，     

提高赤松大树移栽成活率的方法

图们市园林处在街道两旁于1999年清明产移栽赤松大树220株，由于移栽后实施了促进新吸收根产生、减少叶面蒸腾、减轻营养消耗等技术措施，其成活保存株数为214株，成活率达到97.3%。这些大树移栽后经过3a的生长，完全适应了新的环境条件。     

对节白蜡幼苗移栽育苗试验初报

大田播种不易管理，往往因种子还未发芽，苗田就长满杂草并与种子争水、争阳光，造成种子不易发芽，种子甚至发霉、变质、腐烂。而采取砂床播种，便于管理，发芽率高，出土整齐。     

HRC保苗剂在换床和造林上的应用

苗木换床和造林成活率及生长量受自然条件与人为因素的影响 ,各年波动很大 ,影响投资效益。加格达奇林业局古里苗圃每年换床 50ｈｍ2 ,更新造林面积 1 0 0 0 0ｈｍ2 ,为提高苗木等级和造林成活率 ,我们进行了ＨＲＣ保苗剂应用试验。苗根浸沾ＨＲＣ后 ,使根系表面蒙上一层含有养     

时间因子对赤桉试管苗移栽成活率的影响

赤桉试管苗自组培室移出移栽前必须经过一个炼苗阶段，炼苗时间以10-15d为好；移栽时间应选择在3、4、10、11月份为最佳。掌握此2点，精心管理，移栽成活率均可达到90%以上，同比提高30%-40%。     

园林绿化苗木反季节移栽调查分析

近3 a对浙江省园林绿化苗木反季节移栽概况进行调查,结果表明乔木成活率差异大,栽后长势不一;灌木、地被和花卉的成活率栽后长势都较好;反季节移栽技术不成熟;缺乏相应的管理体制。针对存在的问题,提出从合理选择苗木、选择移栽时机、把握修枝去叶量、增加喷灌次数、实施遮荫、强化后期养护和推广容器苗等方面完善移栽技术;并从注重专业技术人才建设、加强科技成果的推广应用和制定反季节移栽行业规范等移栽技术管理体制等方面进行探讨,以期提高苗木反季节移栽技术水平。     

移苗时间及缓释肥浓度对木荷容器苗生长影响

以1年生木荷容器苗为研究材料,在相同管理措施、环境因子下,测量经过3组不同移苗时间及2组不同缓释肥浓度处理的木荷容器苗基径及高生长情况。研究结果表明,在3 kg/m3和4 kg/m3两个不同缓释肥浓度下,6组共计360株试验苗木高生长差异显著。在3 kg/m3和4 kg/m3两个不同缓释肥浓度下,基径生长与移苗时间相关,移苗时间提前,苗木基径生长差异性不显著;移苗时间延迟,苗木基径生长差异显著。提前苗木播种时间,在苗木3～5片真叶时移栽,加大缓释肥浓度,可提高苗木移栽成活率和苗木生长速度。     

植物营养液对园林苗木移栽后快速恢复的影响及应用综述

在园林绿化工程中,苗木移栽的存活率低、生长势弱,甚至苗木死亡等现象频繁出现,一直影响或阻碍了城市园林绿化的建设和发展。为了有效解决园林苗木移栽存活低、生长弱的难题,本文通过植物营养液组成及应用进行简要概述,分析苗木移栽成活的主要影响因素,同时结合植物生长调节剂的作用,探讨具有生理调节功能的植物营养液对苗木移栽后快速恢复的作用及影响,以期为今后城市园林绿化工程中提高苗木移栽存活提供参考依据。     

Dynamics of seedling establishment and survival in uneven-aged boreal forests

The aim of this study was to describe the dynamics of seedling establishment and development in spruce-dominated uneven-aged boreal forests. The study was based on empirical data from 15 stands with permanent plots, which had been intensively monitored for 10 years in southern Finland. All trees (height > 1.3 m) were measured every fifth year. Regeneration was measured on 64 permanent sample plots (4 m²) in each stand. The establishment of first-year seedlings was analysed on a yearly basis. The survival and development of older Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) seedlings were analysed based on observations made every five years. The establishment of spruce seedlings was closely correlated with the abundance of seed crops. Seedling cohorts originating from abundant seed crops were clearly detectable in the development of seedling height distributions over time. It took about 15 years for spruce seedlings to reach a height level of 15-30 cm. Local basal area had hardly any effect on the emergence or survival of small spruce seedlings, while the number of higher spruce seedlings decreased with increasing local basal area.     

Effect of cold storage treatments and transplanting stress on gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and survival under water limiting conditions of Pinus radiata stock-types

The capacity of radiata pine seedlings to overcome planting shock in wet and dry conditions and their dependence on previous history was analysed by studying post-planting resumption of gas exchange and photochemical reactions, and survival 2 months later. Even under well-irrigated soil conditions, seedlings showed the effects of stress: gas exchange was reduced, but a clear difference between soil-plugged (PR) seedlings and bare-root (BR) seedlings was observed. Drought enhanced the severity of photosynthesis deprivation. Photochemical reactions, analysed by chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, were not affected by planting shock in conditions of available soil water, but altered dramatically when drought stress was raised, suggesting structural damage of photosynthetic machinery. Despite the dramatic sensitivity of radiata pine to water availability, rewatering produced remarkable recovery, indicating good photosynthetic components repair capacity, which depended, however, on stock quality at the moment of planting. The ability of radiata pine to cope with drought in terms of post-planting performance depended on both storage conditions and water availability at the planting site. These findings provide information for tree physiologists and foresters as to how the management of radiata pine seedlings before planting can affect post-planting performance potential under wet or dry environmental conditions.     

Effect of selected forestry herbicides on ectomycorrhizal development and seedling growth of lodgepole pine and white spruce under controlled and field environment

In tests under aseptic conditions, the herbicides hexazinone (Pronone^TM5G® and Velpar L.R.®), glyphosate, and triclopyr reduced seedling growth and mycorrhizal development of Pinus contorta var. Litifolia and Picea glanca. Triclopyr was most toxic of the tour herbicide formulations. Under greenhouse condition, only 2 formulations of hexazinone (Pronone ^TM5G® and Velpar L.®) were tested. At high concentrations (2 and 4 kg/ha) it reduced growth and mycorrhizal infections significantly but showed recovery with time. No adverse effects were observed at low concentration (1 kg/ha). In general, seedlings inoculated with mycorrhizal fungus (Suillus tomentosus), were more sensitive to herbicide than the ones without mycorrhizal inoculation. Under field conditions overall effects of herbicide application were less intense. Only 4 kg/ha rates of hexazinone resulted in reductions in seedling growth and mycorrhizal infections. The nonmycorrhizal seedings planted in the field developed mycorrhizae in over 40% of short roots within 2 months after planting in all herbicide treatments.