猪肺炎支原体巢式PCR诊断方法的建立及应用

为建立一种快速诊断猪肺炎支原体病原的方法,根据GenBank上登录的Mhp基因组序列,在保守区基因内部设计合成2对引物,经过PCR反应条件的优化,建立了检测猪肺炎支原体的巢式PCR方法。结果表明,该方法对鸡毒支原体、猪鼻支原体、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、猪圆环病毒2型、猪伪狂犬病毒的扩增结果均为阴性;第1次扩增的敏感性是10pg,第2次扩增的敏感性是0.1pg,第2次比第1次扩增的敏感性高100倍。巢式PCR检测方法具有特异性强、敏感性高、重复性好等优点,可以在短时间内准确快速的检测出低含量的Mhp病原,为猪肺炎支原体的快速诊断与净化奠定基础。     

猪肺炎支原体PCR快速检测方法的建立和应用

根据猪肺炎支原体P36基因序列,设计1对引物,建立了猪肺炎支原体PCR诊断方法,该方法对猪肺炎支原体的扩增结果为阳性,对照菌株扩增结果均为阴性,对猪肺炎支原体检测的灵敏性为1 pg总DNA量。并用建立的PCR诊断方法检测52份猪肺炎支原体疑似病料,检出阳性病例18份,以上结果表明该PCR方法特异性强敏感性高、简便、快速,可用于猪肺炎支原体疾病的诊断。     

猪肺炎支原体和猪鼻支原体双重PCR检测方法的建立与应用

根据猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)和猪鼻支原体(Mhr)的16S rRNA基因设计3条引物, 建立Mhp和Mhr的双重PCR检测方法,并对该方法进行了特异性和敏感性试验,并使用建立的方法检测了临床样品和疫苗样品。结果显示该方法具有良好的特异性,最低可检测到0.66ng 的Mhp基因组DNA和0.58 ng Mhr基因组DNA,临床样品和疫苗样品检测结果与普通PCR检测结果一致。该双重PCR方法,可用于Mhp与Mhr的鉴别、诊断以及疫苗纯粹性检查,快速而准确。     

猪支原体肺炎诊断方法研究进展

猪支原体肺炎（Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine,MPS）是由猪肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,Mhp）引起的猪的一种高发病率、低死亡率的慢性呼吸道传染病,在我国常被称为猪气喘病。建立可靠实用的MPS诊断技术,以便控制和预防该病已成为目前猪病防治的重要研究内容。本文就猪支原体肺炎的诊断方法做了综合性论述。     

猪肺炎支原体的诊断

猪肺炎支原体可引发猪地方性肺炎,仍然是导致养猪业疫病的重要病原体之一.这种复杂的小型微生物可定殖在猪呼吸道的纤毛细胞中,使其几乎不暴露于免疫系统下.证实猪肺炎支原体的存在、并确定其在呼吸道疾病和肺炎中的作用,对兽医行业仍然具有挑战性.虽然猪肺炎支原体的培养仍然是时其作出鉴定的黄金标准,但血清学方法、聚合酶链反应和检测组织中猪肺炎支原体的各种不同方法仍是实验室常用的检测技术.由于猪肺炎支原体在由并发的细菌和病毒感染引发的严重肺炎中所起的作用日益增加,了解猪肺炎支原体的发病机制和现有的诊断方法对开发有效的干预措施以及在猪群水平上控制猪群呼吸道疾病非常关键.     

猪支原体肺炎诊断方法研究进展

导读：猪支原体肺炎（Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine,MPS）由猪肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,Mhp）引起的猪的一种高发病率,低死亡率的慢性呼吸道传染病,在我国常被称为猪气喘病。建立可靠实用的MPS诊断技术,以便控制和预防该病已成为目前猪病防治的重要研究内容,本文就猪支原体肺炎的诊断方法做了综合性论述。     

猪肺炎支原体和猪鼻支原体TaqMan双重荧光PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立一种可快捷鉴别检测猪肺炎支原体(Mhp)和猪鼻支原体(Mhr)的方法,针对Mhp的183基因和Mhr的p37基因保守片段,分别设计合成引物及TaqMan探针,优化反应条件,建立一种可同时检测Mhp和Mhr的TaqMan双重荧光PCR方法,并评价其特异性、敏感性和重复性。结果表明,该方法特异性强,检测其他常见猪呼吸系统病原不发生交叉反应;对标准品pMD18-T-Mhp-183、pMD18-T-Mhr-P37的最低检测限分别达45.2 copies/μL和29.7 copies/μL,比普通PCR检测灵敏度提高10³～10⁴倍;该方法检测结果的批内与批间变异系数均小于2%。用该方法检测145份广西自治区内临床样品,从中检出82份Mhp和9份Mhr阳性样品。该方法可用于临床样品快速检测及实验室Mhp和Mhr的鉴定,可为Mhp和Mhr在猪群中的早期监测提供技术支持。     

用PCR检测长沙市猪肺炎支原体和猪鼻支原体的感染情况

为对长沙市猪支原体肺炎病原流行病学进行初步调查,用PCR方法对从湖南省长沙市5个县（市、区）205头猪中收集的326份病料（205份猪肺和121份猪鼻拭子）分别进行了猪肺炎支原体和猪鼻支原体检测,并对部分基因进行了序列分析。结果发现,猪肺炎支原体检出率为24.4%（50/205）,猪鼻支原体检出率为22.3%（27/121）;长沙市每个县（市、区）的生猪中均存在这两种支原体,其中长沙县生猪阳性率最高（42.4%和31.5%）;序列分析表明,检测出的基因序列与国内外相关序列有97%～100%的同源性。本试验证实了猪肺炎支原体和猪鼻支原体在长沙市猪场的存在。     

A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae

AIM: To develop a real-time PCR for the detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae, using PCR primers targeting the ma-mp81 gene.

METHODS: A group of 15 M. agalactiae isolates, 21 other Mycoplasma spp. isolates and 21 other bacterial isolates was used in evaluation of the assay.

RESULTS: All M. agalactiae isolates were detected by the assay and none of the non-target isolates was amplified. The analytical detection limit of the assay was 10 fg of purified genomic DNA and 10⁴ cfu/ml milk inoculated with M. agalactiae. When applied to goat-milk samples collected from three herds free of M. agalactiae infection, the assay had a specificity of 100%.

CONCLUSIONS: The assay would be useful in a diagnostic laboratory, providing specific, sensitive and rapid detection of M. agalactiae.     

猪肺炎支原体膜蛋白的电泳分析及免疫印迹检测

以猪肺炎支原体Z株为试验材料,采用SDS-PAGE和Western印迹对该菌膜蛋白进行了分析。研究表明:猪肺炎支原体经A_(26)液体培养基培养,15000 r/min离心收集菌体细胞,低渗超声法破膜获得膜制剂后,应用12.5％的凝胶对膜蛋白进行SDS-PAGE分离,在电泳图谱上呈现出36条蛋白带,相对分子质量范围为1.18×10~4～9.12×10~4。同时以膜制剂作为抗原,分4次免疫试验兔,心脏采血,提取抗血清,并分离纯化得到IgG,然后进行Western印迹法检测。其结果发现在SDS-PAGE分离得到的36种膜蛋白(或多肽)中,有6种蛋白具有免疫原性。     

牛新孢子虫病PCR检测方法的建立和应用

犬新孢子虫感染是导致妊娠母牛流产的主要原因之一，准确快速地诊断是有目的治疗该病的前提。本研究根据已知的犬新孢子虫种属特异性基因片段Nc-5基因序列，设计了一对特异性引物，建立了检测犬新孢子虫的PCR技术。利用本方法可以从感染牛胎儿的脑脊液及实质脏器中扩增出1条大小为350bp的特异性核酸片段。在吉林省延边龙井地区的应用检测结果表明，流产牛胎儿中新孢子虫感染率为17％（15／90）。本方法在实际应用中快速、灵敏、特异性高，可以用于牛和其它动物新孢子虫病的快速诊断和流行病学调查。     

应用双重PCR方法检测羊支原体肺炎病原

通过对丝状支原体山羊亚种(M.mycoides subsp.capri,Mmc)特异性引物MmcF/MmcR和绵羊肺炎支原体(M.ovipneumontiae,Mo)特异性引物LmF/LmR退火温度、引物浓度比例等条件的选择,建立了一个可以同时检测Mmc和Mo的双重PCR方法。该方法可同时扩增出Mmc 195 bp和Mo 361 bp目的片段,但对其他病原菌不能扩增出任何条带,具有良好的特异性。敏感性试验表明,该方法能够分别检测出0.1ng的Mmc DNA和0.01 ng的Mo DNA,或同时检测出1ng Mmc和1ng Mo混合的DNA。用该双重PCR方法可对实验室保存的4株绵羊肺炎支原体和2株丝状支原体山羊亚种进行准确鉴定,并可从临床病料中检测出相应支原体,表明建立的双重PCR方法可用于Mmc和Mo的快速鉴定、实验室诊断和病原学调查。     

A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae

AIM: To develop a real-time PCR for the detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae, using PCR primers targeting the ma-mp81 gene. METHODS: A group of 15 M. agalactiae isolates, 21 other Mycoplasma spp. isolates and 21 other bacterial isolates was used in evaluation of the assay. RESULTS: All M. agalactiae isolates were detected by the assay and none of the non-target isolates was amplified. The analytical detection limit of the assay was 10 fg of purified genomic DNA and 104 cfu/ml milk inoculated with M. agalactiae. When applied to goat-milk samples collected from three herds free of M. agalactiae infection, the assay had a specificity of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The assay would be useful in a diagnostic laboratory, providing specific, sensitive and rapid detection of M. agalactiae.     

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for detecting Mycoplasma hyosynoviae and Mycoplasma hyorhinis in pen-based oral,tonsillar, and nasal fluids

Mycoplasma (M.) hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae are pathogens known to cause disease in pigs post-weaning. Due to their fastidious nature, there is increased need for culture-independent diagnostic platforms to detect these microorganisms. Therefore, this study was performed to develop and optimize quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays to rapidly detect M. hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae in pen-based oral fluids as well as nasal and tonsillar fluids as proxies for samples used in swine herd surveillance. Two methods of genomic DNA extraction, automated versus manual, were used to compare diagnostic test performance. A wean-to-finish longitudinal study was also carried out to demonstrate the reproducibility of using pen-based oral fluids. Overall, pen-based oral and tonsillar fluids were more likely to be positive for both types of bacteria whereas only M. hyorhinis was detected in nasal fluids. DNA extraction protocols were shown to significantly influence test result. Although the initial detection time somewhat differed, both organisms were repeatedly detected in the longitudinal study. Overall, this study evaluated two qPCR methods for rapid and specific detection of either mycoplasma. Results from the present investigation can serve as a foundation for future studies to determine the prevalence of the two microorganisms, environmental load, and effectiveness of veterinary interventions for infection control.     

山羊和绵羊嗜血支原体PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为建立羊嗜血支原体(M.ovis)病快速检测方法,本实验根据GenBank中登录的羊M.ovis 16S rRNA基因序列设计一对引物,以山羊和绵羊M.ovis基因组DNA为模板,建立M.ovis PCR检测方法,并进行特异性、敏感性及临床应用试验。结果显示,建立的M.ovis PCR检测方法扩增片段大小为508 bp,与GenBank中M.ovis参考株同源性达99%以上,该方法与猪嗜血支原体、牛嗜血支原体等病原体无交叉反应,最低检测40个拷贝的DNA;通过对延边地区60份山羊和绵羊血液样本的检测结果表明,建立的PCR检测方法具有特异、敏感、准确等优点,完全适用于M.ovis的检测。     

多重聚合酶链反应快速检测鉴别鸡毒支原体强毒株和弱毒疫苗株的研究

根据鸡毒支原体强毒株和弱毒疫苗株基因组的结构特点，设计合成了二对引物XZ1，XZ2和XZ45、XZ46，建立了一种同时检测鉴别MG野毒株和弱毒疫苗株的多重PCR技术。试验结果表明，用这两对引物对MG强毒株和弱毒疫苗侏进行多重PCR，强毒株只扩增出732bp一条带，而弱毒疫苗株则可同时扩增出732bp、524bp二条带，而对其他种类鸡支原体和其它禽病病原的扩增不出现任何条带，结果均为阴性；敏感性测定结果表明，该多重PCR最低能检出1Pg的MG强毒株和弱毒疫苗株的DNA模板。     

绵羊肺炎支原体和溶血性曼氏杆菌双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立同时检测绵羊肺炎支原体(MO)和溶血性曼氏杆菌(Mh)的方法,本研究根据MO的hsp70基因和Mh的gcp基因分别设计引物,建立了同时检测这两种病原的双重PCR检测方法.实验结果显示该方法能够特异性的扩增MO (135 bp)和Mh (227 bp) DNA片段,其最低检出量分别为2.06×103拷贝/μL和6.37 c fu/mL,与单一PCR相同.该方法对常见的致病菌无交叉反应.对临床样本的检测结果显示MO和Mh的检出率分别为56.25％和52.50％,与单独PCR符合率为100％.研究结果表明,本研究所建立的双重PCR检测方法具有特异性强、敏感性高等特点,为临床上MO和Mh混合感染的快速检测、鉴定以及流行病学调查提供了方便、快捷、准确的方法.     

Development and field validation of a Mycoplasma iowae real-time polymerase chain reaction assay

A Mycoplasma iowae real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using primers and probes targeting the 16S rRNA gene was developed and field-validated in this study. The assay specifically identified M. iowae with a detection limit of 80 colony-forming units (cfu) per turkey cloacal swab sample (3.2 cfu per PCR reaction). It was validated by testing 154 field turkey cloacal swab samples in parallel with culture isolation. The diagnostic sensitivity of the PCR was 97.6%, and the specificity was 95.5%. The real-time PCR developed in this study is a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective alternative to culture isolation for detecting M. iowae from cloacal swab samples.