白鲫组织器官同工酶的生化与遗传分析

运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对白鲫心肌、肝脏、肾脏、肌肉、鳃、卵粒、脑进行了4种同工酶(MDH、LDH、EST、ADH)初步研究,并对各同工酶的位点及酶谱进行了分析。白鲫组织器官有明显的组织特异性,各组织器官同工酶条带较简单。LDH同工酶谱不是经典的5条带,出现了许多亚酶带。     

中华鳖同工酶研究

采用垂直淀粉胶电泳对中华鳖脑、眼、心、肌、肝、肾和卵巢七种组织中的六种同工酶系统（ＬＤＨ、ＡＤＨ、ＩＤＨ、ＭＥ、Ｇ６ＰＤＨ、ＥＳＴ）进行研究，构建了中华鳖同工酶酶谱，并利用草鱼ＬＤＨ－Ｂ４抗体对中华鳖ＬＤＨ酶谱进行了免疫化学分析，确定了中华鳖ＬＤＨ同工酶酶谱和亚基组成，揭示了鱼类ＬＤＨ与爬行类ＬＤＨ在进化上的保守性     

丁(鱼岁)不同组织的同工酶研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳,对丁的晶状体、心脏、脑、肾脏、肝脏、肌肉等6种组织进行了8种同工酶(LDH、MDH、α-AMY、G6PDH、ADH、AKP、EST、POD)的电泳研究,分析了各种酶的同工酶基因位点表达、亚基组成及酶谱表型,讨论了8种同工酶在组织中分布特异性的生理意义。结果表明:8种同工酶都存在不同程度的组织特异性;与其他硬骨鱼类相比,丁的8种同工酶具有明显的种属特异性。     

点带石斑鱼不同组织同工酶的研究

运用聚丙烯酰胺垂直梯度凝胶电泳法对点带石斑鱼7种组织（眼睛、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、尾鳍、脾脏）的4种同工酶（EST、SOD、LDH、MDH）进行了初步研究,并对4种同工酶的同工酶位点及其酶谱表型进行了分析。结果表明,点带石斑鱼的4种同工酶都具有不同程度的组织特异性：EST由4个基因位点编码,具有多态现象;肌肉SOD与其它组织SOD的差异最明显;眼睛LDH与其他组织LDH的差异最明显;MDH具有线粒体型（m-MDH）和上清液型（s-MDH）两种类型。     

兴凯湖翘嘴红Bai同工酶的研究

用水平淀粉电泳技术,对兴凯湖翘嘴红Bai的肌,肝,眼,心4种不同组织的8种同工酶（LDH,EST,MDH,IDH,SOD,ME,G－6－PDH,ADH）进行了研究,分析了各种同工酶的基因表达谱式,其中,在所检测到的20个基因卒位中只有EST同工酶中的一个座位（Est-2)表现为多态,兴凯,湖翘嘴红Bai的多态率（P）为0．05000,平均杂合度（H）为0139,与其它鲤科硬骨鱼类相比,兴凯湖翘嘴红Bai在蛋白质水平上的遗传变异表现比较贫乏。     

合浦珠母贝同工酶的电泳分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直板电泳技术和特异性染色方法，对合浦珠母贝外套膜、闭壳肌、肝脏和鳃组织中的15种同工酶系统进行分析，结果表明a-GPDH、ADH在4种组织中均未见表达；AK、AMY、PGM、ALP、GDH和LDH只在肝脏中表达，而ME、SOD、EST、MDH、G6PD、6PGD和AAT则有较广泛的组织分布，其中12个座位(Aat-1、Aat-2、Sod-1、Sod-2、Sod-3、Sod-4、m-Mdh-c、G6pd-2、6Pgd-2、Ak-1、Gdh-1、Me-2)具有多态性，多态位点比例为46.1％，平均杂合度0.1122±0.0576。     

洞庭湖鲇不同组织SOD同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,研究了洞庭湖鲇(Silnrus asotus)5种组织或器官(肌肉、肾脏、肝脏、胰脏和心脏) 中超氧化物歧化酶( SOD) 同工酶的表达情况.结果表明,在鲇组织中共检出SOD同工酶带5条 ( SOD-1、SOD-2、SOD-3、SOD-4和SOD-5),其中SOD-5仅在肝脏中表达,不同组织中SOD同工酶的表达存在差异,表现出明显的组织特异性.     

美国虹鳟鱼同工酶分析

运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法结合酶的特异性染色方法对美国虹鳟5种组织(眼睛、心脏、肾脏、肝脏和肌肉)的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酯酶(EST)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、α-淀粉酶(α-AMY)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)7种同工酶进行了初步研究,并对7种酶的同工酶位点及酶谱表型进行了分析。结果表明:美国虹鳟LDH、EST、G-6-PDH、POD、GDH和MDH存在不同程度的组织特异性,而α-AMY则无明显组织差异。EST由8个基因位点编码;LDH酶带多于典型的5条酶带;MDH具有线粒体型(m-MDH)和上清液型(s-MDH)两种类型;共记录了24个基因座位,其中5个为多态座位,多态座位比例为20.83%,有效等位基因数为1.4167,表明美国虹鳟的遗传多样性居较高水平。     

洞庭湖鲇不同组织SOD同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,研究了洞庭湖鲇(Silnrus asotus)5种组织或器官(肌肉、肾脏、肝脏、胰脏和心脏)中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶的表达情况。结果表明,在鲇组织中共检出SOD同工酶带5条(SOD-1、SOD-2、SOD-3、SOD-4和SOD-5),其中SOD-5仅在肝脏中表达,不同组织中SOD同工酶的表达存在差异,表现出明显的组织特异性。     

洞庭湖鲶鱼不同组织SOD同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,研究了洞庭湖鲇(Silnrus asotus)5种组织或器官(肌肉、肾脏、肝脏、胰脏和心脏)中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶的表达情况。结果表明,在鲇组织中共检出SOD同工酶带5条(SOD-1、SOD-2、SOD-3、SOD-4和SOD-5),其中SOD-5仅在肝脏中表达,不同组织中SOD同工酶的表达存在差异,表现出明显的组织特异性。     

影响卤虫培育的环境因子

总结了近年来对我国不同地理品系卤虫的研究成果,介绍了几个重要环境因子如温度、盐度及盐类组成、光照强度以及光照周期、pH、培养密度等对卤虫卵孵化及生长的影响.     

Factors Affecting the Trout Fishery at Grafham Water

In this paper some of the controllable factors affecting angling catch at Grafham Water trout fishery are examined and an attempt made to relate them. There appears to be a close relationship between annual catch and annual stocking in the case of rainbow trout. The relation of the brown trout catch to other factors is rather different; the main reason is probably a higher frequency of survival into later seasons and slower growth. The effect of growth rates and other less quantifiable factors is discussed.     

简单双眉藻培养的生态条件

采用单因子的方法,研究了生态因子温度、光照、盐度及pH对简单双眉藻生长的影响。结果表明,简单双眉藻生长的最适温度28~31℃,最适光照度4200~5200 lx,最适盐度15~20,最适pH 8~9。简单双眉藻是一种广温、广盐和对光照变化适应较强的底栖硅藻。     

影响我国海洋生态安全的因素及对策

海洋生态安全对于海洋经济持续、健康、稳定发展具有重要作用。人类不合理的开发、利用海洋资源,使海洋生态系统不断遭到破坏,制约海洋经济的可持续发展。在海洋经济飞速发展的今天,我国海洋生态安全总体形势严峻,本文在分析影响海洋生态安全因素的基础上,从加强海洋生态道德建设、加强海洋环境监测、建立防灾减灾体系、国际协作等七个方面提出加强海洋生态保护、保障海洋生态系统健康稳定发展的对策。     

大溪地金藻培养的生态条件研究

在实验室模拟条件下,研究了温度、光照、盐度和营养盐对大溪地金藻生长繁殖的影响,结果表明:大溪地金藻适宜温度为10～35℃,最适温度为20～30℃;适宜照度为1000～7000lx,最适照度为3000～6000lx;适宜盐度6 5～39 5,最适盐度为19 5～26 0。N、P单因子的优水平分别为N-1mg/L、P-0 1mg/L,Fe单因子作用不明显,N、P、Fe交互作用的优水平为N-1mg/L、P-1mg/L、Fe-0 1mg/L。     

盐藻运动特性及其影响因素

为了揭示盐藻的运动特性,在不同条件下观察了玻璃U形管两端盐藻的密度变化。结果表明,盐藻运动受光照、ATP、丙二酸钠和粘度的影响。盐藻具有向光源方向聚集的运动特性;供给ATP时盐藻运动加速,加入丙二酸钠时盐藻运动减慢,盐藻的运动是一个消耗能量的过程;增加介质粘稠度会使其运动速度减慢。     

Factors Affecting Sediment Oxygen Demand in Commercial Channel Catfish Ponds

Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) measured in 45 commercial channel catfish ponds in northwest Mississippi using in situ respirometry ( N = 167) ranged from 63 to 1,038 mg/m² per h. Mean SOD in this study (359 mg/m² per h) was greater than that reported previously for catfish ponds but was similar to SOD in semi-intensive marine shrimp ponds. Nine variables were selected and measured to assess their relative importance in accounting for variation in SOD. Six variables were included in multiple regression models that explained slightly more than half of the variation in SOD. These variables were: dissolved oxygen concentration at the beginning of respirometry incubation:, particulate organic matter concentration in water above the sediment surface: organic carbon concentration at the immediate sediment-water interface (flocculent or F-layer) combined with the upper 2 cm of sediment (S-layer); organic carbon concentration in the mature (M) underlying sediment layer: water temperature: and total depth of accumulated sediment. Sediment oxygen demand was most sensitive to changes in dissolved oxygen concentration in the overlying water, particulate organic matter concentration in the water, and the concentration of organic carbon in the combined flocculent and upper sediment (F+S) layer. Models for SOD in this research predict that the mass of sediment below the upper 2-cm surface layer on average contributes only ∼20% of total SOD. Stratification and normal daily fluctuation of dissolved oxygen concentration in eutrophic culture ponds likely limit expression of sediment oxygen demand. Maintaining aerobic conditions at the sediment-water interface will minimize accumulation of organic matter in pond sediment.     

影响颗粒饲料生产质量的原因分析

1物料因素1.1密度与粒度密度越大,制粒产量越高。粒度细,表面积大,蒸汽吸收快,有利于水分调节,提高产量与质量。理想的粒度分布是:3.35mm以上,不得超过1%;2mm以上,不得超过5%;1mm以上,约占20%;0.5mm以上,约占30%;0.25mm以上,约占24%;0.25mm以下,不得低于20%。1.2物料水分物料水     

白马湖浮游动物生态位及其生态分化影响因子

探究环境因子对浮游动物的影响,可为白马湖水生态修复与水环境治理提供基础数据。2018年在白马湖6个典型区域设定11个采样点,按月度采集湖泊水样,鉴定浮游动物种类,测定水体理化指标,解析浮游动物主要优势种的生态位,分析其生态相似性;采用K-优势度曲线法对浮游动物种（类）群进行排序,计算其生态位宽度值（Bi）,并通过冗余分析（RDA）阐述其生态位分化状况。结果显示,白马湖浮游动物共出现20个优势种（类）群,春季（3-5月）和冬季（12-2月）浮游动物的多样性要高于夏季（6-8月）和秋季（9-11月）;K-优势度曲线表明,夏季整体趋势与全年趋势最为接近。依据浮游动物优势种（类）的生态位宽度值,可分为广生态位、中生态位和窄生态位三大种（类）群。广生态位种（类）群如针簇多肢轮虫、桡足幼体、无节幼体等在各个季节均出现,且在大部分站点都有较高的个体百分比,生态位宽度值全年均较高,表明这些种类的浮游动物生态适应能力较强;窄生态位种（类）群如懒轮虫、等刺异尾轮虫、褐砂壳虫等对环境的适应性较差,其丰度相对较小,且一年中分布不均匀,或只在个别季节少量出现。RDA分析表明,总氮、氨氮、p H和溶解氧对浮游动物...     

Nutritional Factors Affecting Stress Resistance in the Larval Mahimahi Coryphaena hippurus

Recent improvements in enriching Artemia make mahimahi culture possible without using copepods. Mahimahi survive better when cultured copepods Euterpina acutifrons are used, especially when the larvae are under stresses such as high stocking density, cold weather, or the rigors of metamorphosis. This study looked at some differences between copepods and enriched Artemia .This study tested stress resistance by holding postlarval (PL) mahimahi out of water in a hand net for varying periods of time. Recovery from this stress shock was higher in PLs whose diet was higher in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA appeared to play an important role in stress resistance. High eicosapentaenoate (EPA) or high HUFA did not confer stress resistance when DHA levels were low. Copepods contained higher levels of many essential amino acids in addition to higher levels of DHA compared with enriched brine shrimp.
Larvae sickened by disease appeared to lose fat, including DHA, but they conserved DHA relative to other fatty acids. Even when sick, mahimahi larvae fed a copepod diet resisted stress better than larvae fed an enriched brine shrimp diet.
Optimal Artemia enrichment levels of DHA for mahimahi have not been reached and this may explain why it has been difficult for others to raise this fish consistently.
E. acutifrons is relatively easy to culture, but may not be practical for commercial hatcheries, due to low yield (less than 10 g per 100 L per week).