Improvement and Application of Immune Genetic Algorithm in Structural Damage Identification

In order to solve structural multi-damage identification problem, a two-stage method based on Bayesian theory and immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is presented. Firstly, structural modal strain energy and frequency are considered as two kinds of information sources, and Bayesian theory is utilized to integrate the two information sources and preliminarily detect structural damage locations. Then, immune genetic algorithm is used to identify structural damage extents. Considering the convergence rate of basic IGA is still not very good, some improved strategies, such as culture vaccine, two termination conditions, are presented. It is shown that the two-stage method can precisely identify structural damage locations and extent, and the calculated results of the proposed improved IGA are obviously better than those of both the basic IGA and simple genetic algorithm.     

Dynamic Identification System and Application

Novel and secure dynamic identification system comprises electrical tokens, a secure identification server, a management workstation and application Programming Interface. Dynamic password is generated with synchronous and asynchronous identification algorithms. Since there is no correlation between passwords, they cannot be predicted, traced, intercepted or decoded. Thus the reliability of identification is enhanced. This paper first introduces principles of synchronous and asynchronous identification based on time and events, and then gives a through analysis of security in dynamic identification techniques. A brief introduction is given about identification issues in current stock industry. With event-based synchronous identification as an example, we give a detailed introduction of dynamic identification techniques with the application in stock exchange and integration of identification system and client system.     

蓟马类害虫综合治理研究进展

蓟马是缨翅目(Thysanoptera)昆虫的统称,虫体微小,常隐匿于花与嫩叶中为害。蓟马繁殖力强,世代重叠严重,爆发频次高,全球贸易和气候变暖加速了蓟马害虫的扩散和为害,蓟马类害虫已逐渐成为世界上最重要的农业害虫类群之一。国内外有关蓟马害虫的发生为害及防治方面的研究已有许多报道,但缺乏系统性归纳总结。笔者分别从蓟马生物生态学特性、发生为害现状及综合防治技术3个方面进行了综述,并对蓟马害虫的综合治理进行了展望,提出了协调使用生物防治、物理防治与化学防治,以及合理利用农业防治的综合防治技术体系是实现蓟马害虫综合治理的重要途径。     

Application of Improved Multi-population Genetic Algorithm to Damage Identification of Soil-wall System

The method of damage identification in soil-wall system was studied; a new approach based on improved multi-population genetic algorithm (IMGA) was developed. First, the simplified dynamic-detection model of soil-wall system was established, meanwhile, the theoretical analysis of characteristic equations in soil-wall system was conducted when soil in damage status. The objective function based on characteristic equations was established. Then, the improvements of multi-population genetic algorithm, including the adoption of real-valued representation, adaptive cross operator and adaptive mutation operator, were conducted. Finally, the localization and quantification of the soil-wall system damage were performed by IMGA with and without the consideration of noise, respectively. The results indicate that damage location and damage extent can be detected efficiently, and anti-noise performance is better.     

黑龙江省主栽水稻品种耐延迟型冷害能力鉴定

采用人工气候箱模拟低温的方法,对黑龙江省30个主栽水稻品种进行了萌发期和分蘖期耐冷性鉴定,以期筛选出耐延迟型冷害强的品种。结果显示,不同品种在萌发期耐冷性上差异较大,筛选出耐延迟型冷害较强的品种为龙粳16号、龙粳18号、龙粳22号和松粳12号,这些品种在10℃下低温发芽率高且分蘖期低温处理后延迟生育日数少,是可以作为直播栽培的品种。     

Dynamic characteristic analysis of an all terrain vehicle body

The body is a key part of all terrain vehicles (ATV). Its dynamic characteristics greatly effect the vibration of the ATV assembly. Simulation and experimental methods are combined to analyze ATV body vibration characteristics. A computer aided design(CAD) model is built using UG4.0. A finite element method(FEM) model of an ATV body and a body with an engine are created using Hypermesh. The FEM model is imported to Msc.Nastran to calculate the free mode. The simulation model is verified by the experimental modal result. The results indicate that after the frame with engine, the first bending mode increases due to the engine increasing the body stiffness, while the first torsion mode decreases due to the engine mass. The effects on the dynamic response of the road and engine excitation are analyzed respectively. Vibration characteristic improvement methods and suggestions regarding the body are provided.     

Damage Identification for Guyed Mast Based on WVD Cross term Statistic Distinction

The relative alteration of Wigner Ville Distribution cross term statistic was proposed for damage detection of guyed masts. And numerical analysis and experimental study were carried out with the case of the aero navigating guyed mast in Fuling District. It was found that not only the shaft’s damage of different location and degree, but also the local damage of different type could be identified with the relative alteration of WCS accurately. The accuracy and sensitivity of the identification can be improved by increasing the guy’s initial pre tensions. The damage identification test can quantify the damage extent of simulation. And it was indicated that the WCS index can identify the local damage of guyed mast and the results of damage identification were in good agreement with those of numerical analysis.     

模式识别的斜拉桥损伤诊断动力指纹与识别算法

为有效并准确诊断出斜拉桥损伤,对基于模式识别的斜拉桥损伤诊断方法进行了研究。选取易于测试出的低阶模态频率和部分关键点竖向振型数据为动力指纹,无需模态扩展或模型缩聚。研究并采用全因子设计进行动力指纹库的创建,可精确评估设定的损伤因子及其交互作用对损伤识别结果的影响。设计并增加了带随机误差的动力指纹库样本集。编制了基于Matlab的模式识别的多种算法,重点研究了精确度高的多层感知器识别算法及其提高该算法预测准确率的装袋集成算法。最后给出一座单塔双跨双索面斜拉桥的多种识别算法的损伤诊断过程和结果,得到一种可包容测试随机误差的高精确度斜拉桥损伤诊断评估模型。     

Identification of the Serious Damage in Superficial Part on Piles

Two kinds of singular signal's characteristics of upper part serious damage piles encountered in the examination of structural integrity of piles are presented. Based on vibration and wave theories, the principle of identifying the existence of the upper part serious damage piles and the method of identifying the damaged positions and severity of piles are worked out. The structure integrity of a pile including damage type and position should be identified by vibration theory of single severity of freedom from its oscillating signs of low frequency,and the damage type and position should be respectively detected by vibration theory and wave theory from the oscillating signs of high frequency. The method is of great practicability in engineering field.     

Damage Detection for Beam and Bridge under Dead Load

We address damage detection based on dead loads in monitoring the health of beams and bridges. We discuss the damage characteristics of statically indeterminate beams under dead loads and analyze monitoring parameters and sensor placement in monitoring. We used an amended genetic algorithm to solve the optimization problem under constrained parameters. Damage in a beam was detected successfully based on dead loads with limited sensor allocations. We present a way to detect damage based on dead loads in bridge health monitoring.     

多糖的结构修饰及其生物活性研究进展

多糖作为一种重要的生物活性成分,由于具有抗肿瘤、抗凝血和免疫调节活性等多种功能,被引起了广泛关注。大量研究表明,多糖结构修饰后可以显著提高原有的活性或增加新的活性。详细阐述了多糖结构修饰的方法及结构改造对多糖生物活性的影响,并对多糖结构修饰的应用前景进行了展望。     

玉米抗旱机理及抗旱性鉴定指标研究进展

玉米抗旱性是一个复杂的综合特性,研究内容主要是抗旱机理研究和抗旱性鉴定与评价,其中适应干旱的形态结构特征是玉米长期进化的结果,生理代谢调节也是玉米适应抗旱的有效手段之一。通过总结前人有关对玉米抗旱性的大量研究,从形态结构、生理生化及遗传等角度阐述了玉米抗旱机理与抗旱性鉴定的各项指标。指出玉米抗旱性由多基因控制,呈现典型的数量遗传。抗旱性鉴定需要在特定环境和试验条件下运用生理生化指标变化结合遗传分析进行综合评价。同时发现玉米抗旱性研究的方向从一般的生理生化分析转移到分子遗传学的QTLs定位与分析。总结分析玉米抗旱性研究现状与方向,为玉米抗旱性鉴定、玉米抗旱育种和农业生产提供可靠的理论依据。     

内生真菌HND5分子鉴定及其生物学特性研究

HND5具有内生性并且对多种病原真菌有拮抗作用,是一株很有应用潜力的生防菌株。本研究对该菌株核糖体内转录间隔区和β微管蛋白基因内转录间隔区进行了分析,其序列和紧密枝顶孢同源性最高。生物学特性研究表明其生长最适培养基为PDA,最适温度为28℃,最适pH为7,最适碳氮源分别为蔗糖和硝酸钠,菌株对重铬酸钾具有耐受性。     

小麦根腐病菌鉴定及其生物学特性测定

分离鉴定小麦根腐病菌，并对其进行生物学特性测定，结果表明，小麦根腐病菌属于半知菌亚门平脐蠕孢属麦根腐平脐蠕孢（Bipolaris sorokiniana(Sacc.)Shoemakey)。该菌生长的最适温度为30℃，最适PH值为7，最适培养基为PDA，60℃5min为致死温度。分生孢子在水滴中才能萌发，萌发的最适PH值为7，最适温度为25℃，在供试的营养液中，以土壤浸液中萌发率最高。     

苦瓜炭疽病病原鉴定及生物学特性初步研究

为了鉴定海南岛苦瓜种植区的苦瓜炭疽病病原,通过形态学观察和ITS序列分析,对采自海南岛的炭疽病菌进行了鉴定,并初步对其生物学特性进行了研究。将来自海南苦瓜炭疽病菌鉴定为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides),序列同源性分析表明该病原菌与来自台湾、陕西和墨西哥的炭疽病菌同源性最高。生物学特性测定表明该病菌菌丝生长的适宜pH为9~12,最适pH为10;光暗交替有利于菌丝的生长;孢子萌发的适宜pH值为5~8,最适pH为6;黑暗有利于孢子的萌发。胶孢炭疽菌(C. gloeosporioides)也是苦瓜炭疽病菌病原菌,光照和pH是影响其菌丝生长和孢子萌发的重要因子。     

荷叶离褶伞菌株的ITS鉴定及生物学特性研究

为更好地开发利用荷叶离褶伞,本研究以1株离褶伞属野生菌为研究对象,通过分子生物学鉴定及测定菌丝生长速度、菌丝干重和生长势等指标,研究其生物学特性。结果表明该菌经鉴定为荷叶离褶伞,其菌丝生长的最适碳源为麦芽糖,最适氮源为大豆蛋白胨,最适碳氮比为30/1,最适生长因子为维生素B6,最适生长温度为20℃,最适pH值为6.0。本研究结果可为荷叶离褶伞生产栽培提供一定的理论依据。     

云南甘蔗宿根矮化病发生危害调查与病原检测

为了明确云南蔗区甘蔗宿根矮化病(Ratoon stunting disease, RSD)的发生危害情况,为推广应用甘蔗温水脱毒健康种苗和有效防控甘蔗宿根矮化病提供科学依据。于2012—2014年,对云南省18个蔗区的甘蔗宿根矮化病发生危害情况进行了全面系统调查,并采用PCR技术对田间采集的1091 个蔗茎样品进行RSD检测。结果表明,825 个样品为阳性,阳性检出率75.6%;18 个蔗区都检测出RSD,阳性检出率56.4%~88%;28 个主栽品种均感染RSD,阳性检出率51.2%~100%,其中‘粤糖82-882’、‘粤糖93-159’、‘粤糖00-236’、‘粤糖60’、‘桂糖11’、‘桂糖17’、‘桂糖94-119’、‘赣蔗18’、‘云引58’、‘德蔗93-94’等10 个品种感病严重,RSD检出率在90%以上;不论是新植、宿根,还是水田、旱地甘蔗均感染RSD;可见RSD已在云南各蔗区普遍发生且危害严重,是导致甘蔗减产、宿根年限缩短及严重威胁云南蔗糖产业稳定可持续发展的一种重要病害。     

On Hysteretic Restoring Force in Damping Identification of Structures in Elasto-plastic Range

Based on the data of inelastic dynamic-static comparison tests of three pairs of SDOF small steel frames, the problem of hysteretic restoring force in damping identification of structures in elasto-plastic range is investigated.     

代谢组学技术在食品认证及特征鉴定中的应用

为了保证消费者的利益和食品质量,食品产地来源鉴别和质量鉴定十分重要。代谢组学以质谱、核磁共振等技术为检测平台,研究细胞及体系中小分子代谢物,能够更好地反映环境对食品组成成分的影响。本研究概述了代谢组学在非天然食材的鉴定和欺诈行为认证上的应用,并详细介绍了代谢组学研究的一般流程,着重阐述了代谢组学技术在食品鉴定中的应用现状,包括茶和咖啡的检测、牛奶和乳制品、肉、鱼和海鲜的检测、蔬菜和水果的检测,结果助于促进代谢组学技术在食品认证及特征鉴定中的发展。