Contribucion de los Ramos Ventrales Cervicales a la Inervacion de los Mm. Rhomboideus, Serratits Ventralis y Trapezius en los Mamiferos Domesticos

Study of the Termination of Cervical Nerves Innervating the Rhomboideus, Serratus Ventralis and Trapezius Muscles Part II: Equus and Ruminantia
A systematic anatomic study of the origin, course and termination of cervical nerves innervating the Rhomboideus, Serratus ventralis and Trapezius muscles was carried out in the cow, the horse and the sheep. The organization of this innervation is discussed in regard to mesodermal origin of these muscles and the morphogenetic processes demonstrated through innervation.     

Contribucion de los ramos ventrales cervicales a la inervacion de los Mm. rhomboideus, serratus ventralis y trapezius en los mamiferos domesticos. Part I: perro, gato y cerdo

In consideration of the sparcity of data regarding the anatomic organization of the innervation of the Rhomboideus, Serratus ventralis and Trapezius muscles in the general veterinary literature, a study of the innervation of these muscles was carried out. This work was done in the dog, the cat and the pig. Nerves supplying these muscles were studied through gross dissection, and described in regard to their origin, distribution and termination. The conclusions present a discussion of the relationship of muscle innervation to the ascending and descending branches of the ventral rami of spinal nerves. The pattern of innervation is discussed in relationship to the embryologic development and function of these muscles.     

Mecanismos de Desarrollo de la Cúpula en los Conductos Semicirculares de las Aves: II. Reorganizacion Celular

A light microscopic study of the epithelia of the crista ampullaris of the semicircular canals of the embryonic chicken indicates that the epithelial cells undergo irregular degenerative changes, with continual mitotic replacement of surface cells. The cupula develops over the surface epithelia through vesicular secretions containing acidophils fibrillar material mixed with globular formations derived from fragmentation of the surface epithelial cells. Electron microscopic studies demonstrate the mode of secretion of rounded or oval supraepithelial bodies from surface epithelium, contributing to the development of the cupula ampullaris. These observations provide evidence of cytoplasmic contributions of surface epithelial cells of the crista ampullaris contributing to the development and continued reorganization of the cupula ampullaris during embryonic development.     

Mecanismos de Desarrollo de la Cúpula en los Conductos Semicirculares de las Aves: I. Secreción Celular

A study of the crista ampullaris of the vestibular apparatus was carried out in chicken embryos. The study group included embryos between stages 24 and 39 of Hamburger-Hamilton. This study elucidates the relationship of the cupula with respect to the epithelium of the crista ampullaris. With electron microscopic examination, the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the crista epithelial sustentacular cells at developmental stage of 31 H-H, demonstrated dilatations containing secretory material. Vesicles, with adhering ribosomes appear to be formed from these dilatations. At later stages of development, the vesicular material took on the characteristics of the fibrillary material composing the cupula. In some cells, secretory vesicles are seen near the apical border of these cells, where they apparently secrete vesicular contents into the endolymphatic space, contributing to the formation of the cupula.     

La timectomía y su influencia en los organos endocrinos derivados de las ultimas bolsas faríngeas

A study of the influence of thymectomy on the development of endocrine gland derivates from pharyngeal primordia was carried out in Wistar, white rats. It was demonstrated that thymectomy of 100–120 gram rats resulted in enhanced development of the thyroid, parathyroid and ultimobranchial.     

Estudio Ontogenico Comparativo de la Lamina epitelial de los Compartimentos Gastricos no Glandulares en Ovinos Merinos

A total of 74 embryos and fetuses were used in a comparative analysis of the epithelium of the non-glandular stomach compartments of merino sheep during development. The mechanical protection showed by the tegumentary epithelium in the superficial layers of the rumen, reticulum and omasum is supported by a buffer system of neutral mucopolysaccharides secreted by the deeper strata. Neutral mucopolysaccharides first appeared in epithelial cells at 46 days of fetal life. Acid mucopolysaccharides, mucins, and mucoid compounds were not detected. Growth curves and formulas were constructed for the epithelial layers.     

Observaciones en el punto de unión neuroectodermo-ectodermo no neural en embriones de pollo en neurulación tratados con citocalasina B ≪in ovo≫

Observations in the point of union of the neuroectoderm with the nonneural ectoderm in chick embryos after treatment "in ovo" with cytochalasin B during neurulation
Treatment of "in ovo" chick embryos with cytochalasin B during neurulation resulted in the failure of formation of the neural folds, producing an alteration in the point of union of the neuroectoderm with the nonneural ectoderm in its final development. This alteration consisted in the appearance of folding and superposition of both epithelia in this zone. The results support a possible role of the apical microfilaments in neuroectoderm and nonneural ectoderm in the process of neurulation.     

Modificaciones ponderales y estructurales de la glándula submaxilar de rata, en respuesta a diversos estímulos incisales

A study of the influence of dietary alterations and extraction or amputation of the incisor teeth in young male rats is interpreted in light of a hypothesis concerning the mechanisms of control of mandibular salivary gland growth     

Algunos aspectos sobre la inervación de pulmon en animales de laboratorio

The finer innervation of the tissues of the lung was studied with several methods of silver impregnation, focussing especially on the fibers and endings of the nerves. The richest terminal innervation could be found in the epithelial and subepithelial tissue, and was sometimes similar to the situation in the smooth muscles which might indicate that, somehow, secretory and motor innervation are alike morphologically. On the other hand, there were many nerve fibers in the perichondrium of the small nodules and plaques of cartilage too, although they did not enter the cartilaginous tissue. The final nerves ended in different forms, from round or ovoid masses to free "ultraterminal" filaments.     

Correlación Anatomo-radiológica de la Cabeza en la Cabra de Raza Canaria (Capra hircus L.)

A radiologic and tomographic study was made of the cranioencephalic topography of canary goats of medium weight and size. In a first step, the exocranialis references corresponding to an axis designed at the level of the meatus acusticus externus and parallel to the basicranial axis were anatomically and radiologically defined. Conventional stereotaxic techniques were then used to reach the standard position of the head in order to obtain macroscopical cross sections at different levels perpendicular to the base of the cranium. In a second step, a tomographic study was made to confirm the design of the axis.     

Involución de Germenes Dentarios en la Oveja (Ovis aries)

In this study we examined some histologic and histochemical characteristics of the embryonic sheep dental epithelium in early odontogenesis. During the first trimester of development, a short-lived dental lamina was observed. Apparently in the sheep, the interactions between epithelial and ectomesenchymal cells required for tooth normal morphogenesis are altered.     

Estudio Histoquímico y Morfométrico de la Población Fibrilar del Músculo Diafragma. Parte I: Caballo y Perro

Histochemical and morphometric study of fibrilar population in diaphragm muscle. Part I: Horse and Dog By using m-ATPase techniques, under alkaline and acid pre-incubations, as well as metabolic techniques (α-MGPDH and NADH-TR), sections from the lumbar and costal portions of diaphragm muscle in horse and dog were analysed. Fibre samples were exposed to image-analysis observations in order to determine the lowest fibre diameter and obtain estadistical data. The findings revealed that the lumbar portion of horse diaphragm consists of fibre types I, IIA and IIB; in the costal portion, the fibre types I and IIA were present. In the dog, the lumbar and costal portions consisted of fibre types I, IIA and IIC, which showed some specific histochemical characteristics. Some data concerning both morphometrical and statistical fibre-type analysis are presented.     

Estudio Histoquímico y Morfométrico de la Población Fibrilar del Müsculo Diafragma. Parte II: Vaca y Cerdo

Histochemical and Morphometric Study of the Fibrilar Population in Diaphragm Muscle. Part II: Ox and Pig M-ATPase techniques, at different pH levels prior to incubation, as well as metabolic procedures (α-MGPDH and NADH-TR), were used to determine the fibre-type content of the lumbar and costal portions in the bovine and porcine diaphragm. The fibre samples were exposed to image analysis in order to evaluate both the morphometrical and statistical values. On the basis of tintorial reactions, the fibre types IA, IB and IIC were found in the lumbar portion of the bovine diaphragm; in the costal portion of the same diaphragm, IA, IB, IIA and IIC fibre types were observed. With regard to the porcine diaphragm, the I, IIA, IIB, IIC fibre types were present in both portions of the muscle. Further morphometrical and statistical data concerning all the fibre types are obtained and discussed.