山东省临沂市甘薯生产现状与发展对策

根据甘薯产业调查结果,分析了临沂市甘薯面积、产量、种植分布、品种类型、种植效益等现状和发展存在的制约因素,提出了在做好甘薯良种良法配套、提升甘薯产量和品质的基础上,通过加强社会化服务、实行订单生产、延长产业链、注重品牌营销等产业化发展措施,助力山东省临沂市甘薯产业高质量发展。     

陕西省甘薯产业现状及发展对策

介绍了陕西甘薯产业的种植区域、生产现状及2006年以来陕西甘薯产业科研进展,研究的新品种、技术在产业中的应用情况;分析了陕西甘薯产业发展中面临的主要问题和大力发展甘薯产业的优势,围绕问题提出了产业转型升级健康可持续发展的解决对策。     

铜仁地区甘薯产业发展研究

本文通过对铜仁地区甘薯产业的市场潜力、生产现状、资源状况、科技水平以及产业发展的可行性和存在问题进行分析研究,提出了铜仁地区甘薯产业发展的市场定位、总体思路、目标和对策建议。     

鲁西南地区甘薯产业现状及发展对策

<正>甘薯是我国北方四大粮食作物之一,作为保健食品越来越受到消费者青睐,已经成为丘陵、山区农民创收的重要途径。鲁西南地区是山东省甘薯重要产区,种植面积逐年递增,与此相关的合作社、家庭农场等不断涌现,甘薯产业步入良性发展阶段。但在甘薯产业发展中,还存在高产与优质、高产与效益、产业与市场等问题。笔者以鲁西南地区甘薯生产现状为例,提出甘薯产业中存在的问题及解决方法,以利于甘薯产业健康稳步发展。一、甘薯产业发展现状1.引进新品种,示范推广效果显著     

临沂市花生产业发展调研

花生产业是临沂市的传统优势产业。对临沂市当前花生产业现状进行调研,论述了制约其发展的主要问题,提出了实现花生产业可持续发展的对策和建议。     

临沂市种业发展现状与对策

通过对临沂市种业发展现状的调研,摸清了该市种业发展现状和存在的不足,提出了今后种业发展的对策措施。     

威海紫甘薯种植加工产业现状和发展对策

从面积与品种、种植区域、种植方式、加工企业4个方面分析威海市紫甘薯种植加工现状,介绍速溶紫薯粉、紫薯全汁饮料、紫薯含化片、紫薯全粉、紫甘薯红色素、紫薯面条、紫薯粉条等7种企业加工产品,从订单种植、技术保障、创建品牌、保健理念,阐述威海紫甘薯产业发展壮大的对策。     

我国甘薯产业发展现状及建议

根据全国农业技术推广服务中心的工作计划，笔者随同部分甘薯专家于2003年和2004年分别对北方薯区的河南省、山东省、河北省、安徽省和长江中下游薯区的湖北省、湖南省、江西省、浙江省、江苏省的国家甘薯品种区域试验进行了考察。在考察甘薯品种区域试验的同时，我们还初步了解了甘薯育种和产业化开发的有关情况，从而加深了对甘薯品种管理及产业化发展重要性的认识，同时考察中也发现了一些亟需解决的问题，现就考察结果加以分析并提出自己的观点供大家商榷。     

四川甘薯产业发展及品种应用

四川省长期以来一直是全国最大的甘薯种植省份,曾经为解决人民温饱问题作出了很大贡献。近年来,随着农村种植业形势的发展,甘薯种植面积下滑,甘薯的需求、利用和种植结构发生了改变,甘薯品种的应用也发生改变。通过对四川甘薯发展形势和基本情况进行调查研究,对生产情况、产业特色、品种利用和存在问题等方面进行了阐述分析,并结合四川甘薯生产条件和实际情况提出发展建议,以期推动四川甘薯的快速、健康、可持续发展。     

临沂市食品生产质量标准体系建设发展现状与对策

建立和完善食品生产质量标准体系,是新形势下临沂市食品生产行业实现优势化、产业化发展的重要基础,是推进山东省临沂市食品行业进一步做大、做强的重要战略措施。本文分析了临沂市食品生产质量标准体系发展现状、措施和存在的主要问题,并对下一步的发展提出了对策和建议。     

Breeding research in sweet potato,Ipomoea batatas poir

In the sweet potato fruit formation following artificial selfing, artifical cross pollination and natural pollination was investigated. Artificial self-pollination in one case gave a fruit formation of 21.2%; in five other cases no or hardly any fruit formation took place. Artificial cross-pollination produced a fruit formation varying from 0 to 52.9%. Natural fertilization did not occur in cases when the nearest flowering sweet potato clone stood at a distance of 80 m. When other flowering clones were in the direct vicinity the percentage of fruit formation through natural pollination differed from 0 to 25.2%.Pre-treatment of sweet potato seed with concentrated sulphuric acid applied during 10 or 20 minutes had a favourable effect on the speed of germination and the germination percentage, also when the seed after treatment was kept in store in or outside an exsiccator for one or two months. The method of scarifying the seed showed a reasonably good influence in this respect. Two different warm water treatments were not or practically not satisfactory.     

Breeding research in sweet potato,Ipomoea batatas Poir

As the sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas Poir, is propagated vegetatively its selection is comparatively simple. Choice of parents and selection procedures were carried out on the basis of yield capacity, resistance or tolerance to a fungus and virus disease, resistance to Cylas formicarius F. and the shape and size of tubers. Because insufficient data were available the protein content played no important role in the choice of parents. In the selection procedures, also this character could not yet be taken into account because the laboratory equipment was insufficient. This might have changed in the future.In the selection fields the new clones were planted by the side of a well-known test-clone, in such a way, that every new clone had a test on either side. At every selection cycle 25% of the new clones was kept for further research while the rest was rejected. On two generations the visible disease symptoms of new clones increased considerably while their production capacity decreased. For various characters a clear relation could be demonstrated between the phenotype of the parents and their offspring.     

甘薯与小麦套作对甘薯农艺性状及产量的影响

以10个不同类型的甘薯品种为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,以纯作为对照,研究小麦与甘薯行数比在3∶1和2∶1套作模式下甘薯地上部农艺性状和2种作物鲜产的变化。结果表明:参试甘薯最长蔓长比纯作减小;分枝数和茎粗因品种差异变化不尽一致;漯薯14号在3∶1模式种植时较纯作增产18.77%,漯薯15号在2∶1套作模式下较纯作增产3.99%,其余甘薯品种及小麦鲜产均不同程度下降;套作兼用型(漯薯11号和漯薯15号)甘薯品种产量更高;麦薯3∶1比2∶1套作模式更具优势。     

Flowering stimulation in sweet potato

Flower formation of most sweet potato clones in the collection at Manokwari was poor and when seed for breeding purposes was desired flowering had to be stimulated accordingly.Of various methods applied to stimulate the flowering some proved to be satisfactory. Good results were obtained in training tendrils to racks and grafting on different species of the genus Ipomoea.     

Identification of molecular markers associated with sweet potato resistance to sweet potato virus disease in Kenya

Sweet potato virus disease (SPVD), a result of the co-infection of whitefly transmitted Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) and the aphid transmitted Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae), is the most destructive disease of sweet potato in East Africa. A study was conducted to establish if genotypes identified as resistant or susceptible to SPVD in Kenya could be distinguished using molecular markers. A total of 47 unrelated sweet potato genotypes were selected from germplasm collections and classified into two phenotypic groups as resistant or susceptible to SPVD. Genotype selection was based on disease severity or days to symptom development in plants following graft inoculation. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker profiles were generated for each individual and used in association studies to identify markers suitable for classifying the two pre-defined phenotypic groups. Analysis of molecular variance showed significant (P < 0.002) variation between the two groups using 206 polymorphic AFLP markers. Discriminant analysis and logistic regression statistical methods were used to select informative markers, and to develop models that would classify the two phenotypic groups. A training set of 30 genotypes consisting of 15 resistant and 15 susceptible were used to develop classification models. The remaining 17 genotypes were used as a test set. Four markers, which gave 100% correct classification of the training set and 94% correct classification of the test set, were selected by both statistical methods.     

甘薯缺锌及防治措施

通过对甘薯缺锌原因、症状、测试诊断及防治措施的分析研究，为甘薯高产提供技术支撑。１缺锌原因作物的矿物养分供给不仅取决于土壤中这种养分的总含量，而且也取决于在任何时候都以有效形式存在的养分总量的比例。一般酸性土壤含锌量较低，而碱性土壤因其锌元素溶解度降低，有效锌也低。而且全部养分中通常只有一小部分可被吸收，所以均会出现缺锌现象。由于提高土壤pH值能降低其锌元素的可溶性，因此，对含锌量低的酸性土壤施石灰便会导致缺锌。另外施用含铜元素肥料或是大量施磷肥，也可以加剧缺锌。２缺锌症状甘薯缺锌的主要症状是其…     

甘薯脱毒技术的研究与应用

本文论述了甘薯病毒病的发现及危害,阐明了甘薯脱毒的生物学原理,探讨了甘薯茎尖组织培养、病毒检测及脱毒试管苗的快繁技术,分析了脱毒甘薯四级生产程序及增产性能,提出了脱毒甘薯存在的问题与应用前景.     

马铃薯SSR引物的开发、特征分析及在彩色马铃薯材料中的扩增研究

彩色马铃薯较普通栽培马铃薯具有更丰富的营养物质,特别是富含抗氧化物质花青素,是近年来育种家研究的焦点。迄今为止开发的马铃薯SSR引物数量有限,特别是彩薯相关的SSR引物。本研究基于马铃薯全基因组序列利用MISA软件对SSR位点进行了分析。研究发现,在马铃薯全基因组序列中共获得218,997个SSR位点,平均3.39 kb出现一个SSR位点。单核苷酸是主要重复类型,占总SSR的62.05%,其次是二核苷酸和三核苷酸,所占比例为22.39%和13.11%。6种核苷酸类型的重复次数分布在5～746次,以5～10次为主,占总SSR的60.9%。在检测到的全部SSR中,共获得215种基元类型,除六核苷酸重复类型外,其他5种核苷酸重复类型的优势基元均以含有A/T-的基序为主。SSR基序长度主要分布在12～20bp之间,占全部SSR的43.19%。通过Primer5共设计出100对SSR引物,利用彩薯双亲的DNA初步筛选出48对可以扩增出条带的引物,有效扩增率达48%。进一步验证引物的有效性,随机选择F2群体的6个单株进行PCR扩增,筛选出条带清晰稳定,多态性较高的引物26对,平均多态性比率为72....     

甘薯综合加工研究

本文在介绍甘薯营养保健功能基础上,简述了甘薯的综合加工技术,并对未来的研究开发重点进行了展望。