紫花苜蓿引种试验研究

试验对引自美国、澳大利亚的3个紫花苜蓿品种从生育期、生长速度、茎叶比、鲜干比、鲜草产量、营养成分及抗逆性分析等方面进行了比较,结果表明盛世紫花苜蓿优于其他品种,可供川北山区生产推广应用.     

紫花苜蓿引种试验研究

试验对引自美国、澳大利亚的3个紫花苜蓿品种从生育期、生长速度、茎叶比、鲜干比、鲜草产量、营养成分及抗逆性分析等方面进行了比较,结果表明:盛世紫花苜蓿优于其他品种,可供川北山区生产推广应用。     

21种紫花苜蓿在西藏“一江两河”地区引种试验研究

针对西藏“一江两河”高海拔河谷地区豆科牧草种植的发展需求,试验研究了21个国内外紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）品种在该地区的适应性.结果表明：参试的21个品种均能完成生育期;以鲜草产量为评价指标,德宝、新疆大叶、甘农4号和中兰1号4个品种的适应性优于其他苜蓿品种;以种子产量为评价指标,阿尔冈金最优.通过聚类分析综合考虑,新疆大叶、甘农4号和德福在高海拔河谷地区具有较强的适应性,可以进行大面积种植以提供优质蛋白饲草来源.     

紫花苜蓿引种试验研究

为了丰富呼玛县的饲草饲料资源、筛选出适合当地种植和利用的紫花苜蓿品种,为我国北部高寒地区苜蓿的推广种植奠定基础,试验选择来源不同的10个紫花苜蓿品种在黑龙江省呼玛县进行引种筛选试验.通过3年(2006-2008年)的观测结果表明:龙牧801、龙牧803、敖汉苜蓿、肇东苜蓿、公农1号苜蓿、草原2号苜蓿、草原1号苜蓿7个苜...     

宁夏高寒易旱区不同播种深度对紫花苜蓿产量及越冬率的影响

紫花苜蓿的适应性很广，在海拔高、气温低、热量贫乏的宁夏南部高寒易旱区已经开始大面积推广种植；但在该地区的产量和越冬率还比较低。本文通过对不同播种深度对紫花苜蓿产量和越冬率影响的分析，确定一个最适合于该地区播种的深度，达到发挥紫花苜蓿最大生产力的目的。     

干旱半干旱地区紫花苜蓿保留种植的技术

黄土高原干旱半干旱地区种植苜蓿常因诸多因素的影响而导致种植失败。抓苗是关键，通过选用优质合格种子、采用适宜的种植方式（苜蓿膜侧种植、保护作物播种、增施肥料）、进行种子处理（硬实处理、吸水剂拌种、根瘤菌接种）、及时灭鼠灭虫、越冬前培土、推迟苜蓿地杂草防除时间等途径均可提高当年苜蓿的成苗率。     

科尔沁沙地紫花苜蓿的引种研究初报

以国外引进的8个紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa品种为试材,于2002-2003年在科尔沁沙地水浇地条件下进行引种试验.结果表明:越冬率在80%以上的品种有6个,占供试品种的75%;各品种平均分枝数差异显著,以农宝最高,苜蓿王最低;干草产量由高到低依次为农宝、阿尔冈金、WL-323HQ、费纳尔、WL-324、全能、WL-232HQ、苜蓿王;平均粗蛋白含量以苜蓿王和阿尔冈金相对较高,全能最低;粗蛋白产量以阿尔冈金最高,农宝、WL-323HQ位居其次.综合越冬率、草产量和营养品质认为,阿尔冈金、WL-323HQ和农宝是科尔沁沙地农田种植紫花苜蓿的适宜品种.     

紫花苜蓿引种品比试验

在甘肃省永昌县牧草种子繁殖基地，对来自国内、外12个紫花苜蓿品种(国内仅1个陇东苜蓿，国外11个品种：阿尔冈金、牧歌、德宝、巨人、金皇后、威龙、德福、赛特、神农、朝阳、苜蓿王)于200l—2002年进行了牧草品种比较试验，结果表明：美国的神农、牧歌、苜蓿王及荷兰的德宝、德福、赛特、加拿大的阿尔冈金等品种的表现比其他供试品种好，生长快，越冬率高，产量高，适宜在永昌的清河、东河地区推广种植。     

阿尔冈金紫花苜蓿在三峡库区的适应性研究

在三峡库区海拔1100m的巫山县花竹坪种草养畜示范区引种栽培阿尔冈金紫花苜蓿,对其物候期、生长速度、茎叶比、鲜草产量、越夏率指标进行了综合分析,结果表明各种性状表现均优良,在三峡库区相似气候条件下具有较强的适应性。     

青海东部农业干旱区不同播种方式对紫花苜蓿农艺性状和生产性能的影响

为筛选紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)在青海东部农业干旱区适宜的播种方法,选用陇东苜蓿、WL343和金皇后3个品种,采用撒播、条播和精量穴播进行二因素随机区组试验.结果表明:1)3个品种间越冬率差异极显著(P＜0.01),WL343越冬率达到78.74％,比陇东苜蓿和金皇后分别高7.86％和13.16％;但3...     

苜蓿种带真菌及其致病性测定

对来自我国新疆,内蒙古,吉林,陕西,甘肃,宁夏,山东,黑龙江,山西,河北和江苏等１１个省（自治区）苜蓿产区的３０个审定登记品种的３８个苜蓿种子样品进行了系统的种带真菌检测研究;测定了２１种２５个真菌分离物对苜蓿幼苗根组织的入侵性及１９种真菌对苜蓿种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。     

甘肃省紫花苜蓿种带促生多粘类芽孢杆菌的分离与鉴定

对来自甘肃省13个紫花苜蓿种植区的39份种子样品进行种带细菌分离,经表型特征和Biolog鉴定,将HTBRC1、HTBRC2、HTBRC3、HTBRC4、HTBRC5、HTBRC6、HTBRC7和HTBRC8初步鉴定为多粘类芽孢杆菌。通过菌种浸种发芽试验发现多粘类芽孢杆菌HTBRC1对紫花苜蓿具有促进生长的作用。试验探明了多粘类芽孢杆菌在甘肃省不同紫花苜蓿种植区所收获种子上的分布;发现分离于紫花苜蓿种子表皮及内部的多粘类芽孢杆菌具有较高耐盐性;为苜蓿生产提供了优质菌种资源及其理论基础。     

高硒或高硒钴苜蓿青干草对杜泊羊生长和生产性能的调控

选择体重相近、体质外貌相似、生产性能相近、健康的杜泊羊42只,采用单因素对比试验方法,研究在日粮中添加5%～15%高硒或高硒钴苜蓿青干草对杜泊羊生长和生产性能的调控.结果表明,在杜泊羊的日粮中添加高硒或高硒钴苜蓿青干草可以显著地增加杜泊羊的体长、胸围,提高杜泊羊的日增重,促进饲料的转化与利用.其中,添加高硒苜蓿青干草的增重效果好于高硒钴苜蓿青干草,在日粮中添加15%的高硒苜蓿青干草时,杜泊羊增重和饲料转化效率均达到极显著高的水平(P＜0.01),日增重(0.22 kg/d)比对照提高了37.5%,料肉比(4.06)最低,比对照降低了21.9%.     

Some factors effecting the dry matter production of lucerne cultivars

Abstract

Dry matter yields of lucerne cultivars were affected by different factors. A simple equation is given for predicting total dry matter yield of irrigated lucerne based on mean maximum temperatures in January.     

紫花苜蓿栽培技术规程

随着畜牧业的发展及退耕还林还草政策的实施,我国的草业发展取得了长足的进步。紫花苜蓿作为一种多年生豆科牧草,具有适应性强、营养价值高、适口性优良、产量高及便于贮藏加工等特点,得到大面积普及推广。但是,由于辽宁大面积人工种植紫花苜蓿历史较短,群众对它的栽培技术知之     

浅谈苜蓿白粉病的发生与防治

苜蓿是一种重要的牧草,其优良的特性,有"牧草之王"之称.它产草量高、品质优良、耐割持久,含有丰富的蛋白质和矿物质等多种营养成份,大面积种植能够改良土壤,提高肥力.尽管苜蓿是一种优质的牧草,但大面积广泛种植会导致病害发生,白粉病是苜蓿重要的病害之一,可造成植株生长缓慢,后期病叶大量脱落,对苜蓿的产量和品质影响很大.     

Studies on the use of lucerne silage source for high-milk-producing dairy cows

Studies on the use of lucerne silage as a forage source for high-yielding dairy cows. It was the main objective of this study to investigate effects of lucerne silage inclusion in maize silage-based rations on dry matter intake, milk yield and metabolic parameters of high yielding dairy cows. Three total mixed rations (TMR) were used. They contained as the main forage source on a dry matter basis 41.5% maize silage and 12% grass silage (ration maize) or 18% maize silage and 29% of either grass silage (ration grass) or lucerne silage (ration lucerne). Organic matter digestibility, determined with wether sheep, was 77 and 65% for the grass and the lucerne silage, respectively. Each TMR was fed to 4 wether sheep to determine crude nutrient digestibilities. The content of net energy for lactation (NEL), as calculated from digestible crude nutrients, was (MJ/kg dry matter (DM)): 7.1 (maize), 7.2 (grass) and 6.8 (lucerne). Based on the results of a chemical fractionation of crude protein it was calculated that the content of utilisable crude protein (nXP) was not below 167 g/kg DM and that the N balance in the rumen was not negative for all 3 TMR. The TMR were fed for 169 days to at least 28 dairy cows per treatment which were in their first half of lactation. Feed intake, milk performance data and physiological indicators were measured for each individual cow. The DM intake was significantly higher in treatment lucerne (23.2 kg/d) than in treatments grass (21.2 kg/d) and maize (22.6 kg/d). Daily intakes of NEL and nXP were significantly lower in treatment grass than in the other two treatments. Milk yield was significantly higher in treatment maize (41.7 kg/d) than in treatments grass (37.3 kg/d) and lucerne (38.5 kg/d). This was associated with a significantly lower milk fat content in treatment maize (3.5%) in comparison with the other two treatments (3.9% each). Milk protein content was unaffected by treatment (3.4% on average). Similarly, the acetone content of milk was not significantly different between treatments. The beta-hydroxybutyrate content of the deproteinized blood was significantly higher in treatment lucerne at start of lactation, but this difference disappeared in subsequent parts of the experimental period. Measurements of back fat thickness indicated mobilisation and retention of energy by cows during the experimental period to be similar in all treatments. It is concluded that lucerne silage is a suitable forage source for high yielding dairy cows in spite of its low digestibility.     

Effect of supplementing urea-treated barley straw with lucerne or vetch hays on feed intake,digestibility and growth of Arsi Bale Sheep

The study was conducted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia to assess the supplementation of graded levels of vetch (Vicia dasycarpa `lana’) and lucerne (Medicago sativa,’ Hunter river’) hay on feed intake, digestibility and body weight (BW) change of Arsi-Bale sheep fed urea treated barley straw (UTBS). A 7 day- digestibility and a 90 day- feed intake trials were conducted using 28 and 35 sheep, respectively. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with seven dietary treatments that consisted of feeding UTBS (T1) as the control treatment, UTBS plus 150, 250 and 350 g dry matter (DM) per day of vetch for T2, T3, T4, respectively and UTBS plus 150, 250 and 350 g DM per day of lucerne for T5, T6 and T7, respectively. Intake of UTBS was not affected (P > 0.05) by inclusion of lucerne hay at 25–35% of daily DM intake. The supplements increased daily intake of total DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and metabolizable energy (ME) (P < 0.001) as well as apparent digestibility of DM, OM (P < 0.001), NDF (P < 0.01), ADF, crude protein (CP) (P < 0.05) and daily BW gain (P < 0.001). Supplementation with lucerne than vetch hay promoted higher (P < 0.001) CP and ME intakes and daily BW gain. Feeding with the UTBS without supplementation was enough to meet the maintenance requirements of the sheep and allow small BW gain. The results of the study showed that urea treatment of barley straw in conjunction with supplementation of lucerne or vetch hay could serve as a useful strategy in improving smallholder sheep production in the tropics.     

关于生物安全隔离区建设试点的几点思考

动物疫病区划管理是当前国际通行的动物疫病管理措施,目的是实现动物疫病控制或净化,提高动物卫生水平,促进动物、动物产品的国际贸易。2003年,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)提出了动物疫病区域化管理新模式--生物安全隔离区划,即在同一生物安全管理系统下,通过采取监测、控制和生物安全管理措施,建立并维持无一种或多种特定动物疫病状态的无疫生物安全隔离区。虽然该概念提出时间较短,但已引起了全世界范围的广泛关注,欧盟和澳大利亚、泰国等一些畜牧业发达国家都在进行积极地研究和探索。我国也在无疫示范区建设基础上,根据OIE有关标准和建议,研究制定生物安全隔离区建设和评价标准,并着手开展试点工作。     

种植苜蓿对黄绵土表土理化性质的影响

对定西黄绵土多年苜蓿地与传统耕地的表层土壤理化性质进行了比较研究。结果表明,长期种植苜蓿促进了土壤有机质、全氮在土壤表层的累积,减少了土壤表层有效硫的损耗,但对土壤有机质、全氮累积的影响作用主要表现在0～10cm土层内,而且土壤有机质和土壤全氮含量之间存在显著的正相关关系;耕地中的速效氮主要以NO3^--N为主,而苜蓿地中NH4^ -N和NO3^-N的含量差异不明显。长期种植苜蓿对土壤表层全磷、全钾、速效钾和速效磷的影响甚微。苜蓿地表层土壤的坚实度显著高于耕地。苜蓿根系的穿插有利于打破由于长期耕作造成的犁底层,而对整个土体的土壤容重影响不大。