ABT、GGR生根粉和NAA对葡萄插条生根的影响

用ABT、GGR生根粉和NAA不同浓度处理葡萄插条,比较其对葡萄插条生根的影响.结果表明,上述三种激素均可促进葡萄插条生根,提高生根率,促进根系生长.其中ABT与GGR生根粉促进插条生根的最适浓度均为50～70mg/L;NAA促进生根的最适浓度为30～50mg/L.综合插条素质看,以50mg/LABT生根粉处理的生根效果最好.     

不同ABT3号生根粉浓度处理对油松嫩枝扦插生根影响

采用不同浓度的ABT3号生根粉处理对油松进行嫩枝扦插育苗试验。试验得出:ABT3号生根粉能显著促进油松嫩枝扦插条的生根,其中以1000mg/L的浓度处理10s的效果最好,生根率达80.5%。     

白棠子树扦插繁殖技术研究

采用不同年龄枝条、不同部位的白棠子树枝条和不同浓度ABT1号生根粉进行扦插繁殖试验。结果表明:2~3 a生枝条作插条优于1 a生和半年生枝条;枝条中部作插条优于其顶部和基部;ABT1号生根粉浓度为501、001、50 mg/L均有促进白棠子树插条生根的效果,其中以浓度为100 mg/L处理效果最好。     

ABT生根粉在银杏嫩枝扦插育苗中的应用试验

在银杏嫩枝扦插育苗中进行了ABT生根粉应用试验。结果表明,除了用ABT8号20mg/kg浓度处理的扦插成活率低于对照外,其余各处理均明显高于对照,其中6号生根粉100mg/kg处理的扦插成活率高达91.3%,比对照提高52.5个百分点。ABT生根粉6号的20、50和100mg/kg的处理扦插成活率为61.3%～91.3%,平均为76.3%,高于7号和8号,且效果稳定,可在生产中试用。试验结果还表明,带顶芽的、粗壮的插条扦插成活率高。ABT生根粉处理可增加扦插苗生根数量,最长根长度与对照差异不大。     

ABT生根粉对油茶扦插生根的影响

以‘油茶8号’和‘油茶135号’两个品种为试材，研究ABT生根粉在不同浸枝时间下对油茶不同品种的影响。结果表明：ABT生根粉对油茶嫩枝扦插有显著效果，有效提高扦插生根率。结果表明：以‘油茶135号’在浓度为100 mg/L的ABT生根粉溶液中浸枝3 h为最佳处理组合，生根率达60.00%。     

提高葡萄绿枝扦插成活率试验

进行了提高葡萄绿枝扦插成活率的试验。结果表明:ABT生根粉对不同品种葡萄生根有促进作用,赤霞珠50mg/kg生根粉处理的成活率为85.4%,红地球150mg/kg生根粉处理的成活率为74.4%,皇家秋天150mg/kg生根粉处理的成活率为0;葡萄嫩枝中下部成活率较高。     

几种生根剂对圆叶海棠硬枝扦插生根的影响

用硬枝扦插方法可繁殖圆叶海棠。几种生根剂在不同浓度、不同时间下的蘸根处理试验结果表明,各种处理均利于圆叶海棠生根,与对照相比,效果十分明显,其中,2 000 mg/L ABT2号生根粉速蘸处理效果最佳,成活率达97%,当年可供嫁接苗木在93.8%以上;5 000 mg/L国光生根粉速蘸处理,成活率达91%,当年可供嫁接苗木为88.5%;2 000 mg/L ABT1号生根粉速蘸处理,成活率达93%,当年可供嫁接苗木为83.9%。生根剂处理插条繁殖苗木操作方法简便,生产成本低,可在苗木扩繁中推广应用。     

葡萄扦插育苗技术研究

采用ABT生根粉、吲哚丁酸、吲哚乙酸、萘乙酸等药剂处理葡萄插条,结果表明,各种药剂对插条生根都有一定的促进效果,以50mg/L吲哚丁酸处理的效果最佳,成活率为93%,明显高于对照（清水）;其次150mg/L吲哚丁酸、200mg/L萘乙酸和50mg/L吲哚乙酸处理,成活率分别为90%、87%和83%。新梢平均长度,各处理均高于对照;单株平均生根数各处理均多于对照;发根平均长度,各处理均短于对照。     

梨矮化砧木云南榅桲硬枝扦插繁殖试验

以云南榅桲为材料,研究了不同浓度ABT①号生根粉(0、20、40、60、80、100、120mg/L)、吲哚丁酸(0、0.25、0.5、1.0 mg/L)、覆膜和不同部位插条处理对云南榅桲插条成活率的影响.结果表明:ABT①号生根粉(20～120 mg/L)、吲哚丁酸(0.25～1.0 mg/L)和覆盖地膜处理提高了云南榅桲插条成活率,云南榅桲上部插条扦插成活率高于下部插条;在覆膜条件下,100mg/L的ABT①号生根粉和0.5 mg/L的吲哚丁酸处理插条成活率分别为95.5％和100％.     

不同激素处理对云南榅桲插条生根的影响

对可进行扦插的植物,用一定的激素处理其插条往往可以提高成活率和生根率。本试验应用IBA、ABT生根粉的5种不同浓度(2 000、1 000、150、100、50mg/L)及垂柳浸泡液分别处理云南榅桲的1~2年生插条,插后60d观察,从成活率、生根率、平均生根条数等统计指标来看,均明显高于对照,且ABT生根粉中以1 000mg/L处理30s效果最佳,IBA中以2 000mg/L处理30s效果最佳,在3种处理中又以IBA处理效果最佳,垂柳液次之,ABT效果稍差。     

生根剂浓度和基质种类对罗汉果扦插生根及生长的影响

采用不同生根剂浓度和不同基质种类对罗汉果的扦插繁殖技术进行研究,结果表明：6种生根剂浓度处理中,以生根剂浓度为40mg／kg的生根率和成活率最高,分别达到90％和95％,根数和根长均达最大值;4种扦插基质处理比较,以河沙＋木屑＋田园土（1：1：2）的处理效果最好,生根率、成活率和抽梢率分别达到92％、96％和88％,根数和根长均达最大值。     

Stock plant shading and rooting of dahlia cuttings

The effect of shading dahlia mother plants on rootability of cuttings was studied with three cultivars: ‘Choot Hashani’, ‘Orpheo’ and ‘Lavender Perfection’. Reducing natural light intensity by approximately 50% increased rooting percentage of ‘Orpheo’ cuttings, but did not affect rooting of the harder cuttings of ‘Lavender Perfection’. Shading stock plants during midday hours only caused internode elongation in ‘Orpheo’, but did not increase rooting. In ‘Choot Hashani’ the same shading treatment promoted rooting. Shading only the base of the cutting when still on the mother plant greatly promoted rooting percentage and mean number of roots per cutting. The reason for the variability in the response to shading is discussed and it is concluded that the shading effect is limited to the root initiation region. It is assumed that shading improves rooting by promoting the herbaceous character of the rooting region. Shading did not affect rooting of cuttings which remained woody in spite of shade.     

Direct rooting of micropropagated M26 apple rootstocks

In vitro root development of micropropagated M26 apple rootstocks was promoted on low-nutrient Murashige and Skoog (MS)-type media. The most prolific rooting was obtained by lowering the sucrose concentration to 1% and the macronutrients to a quarter strength in the rooting medium, but this increased root development did not improve plant establishment. Although in vitro rooting on standard MS rooting medium increased during the 6-week culture period, highest plant establishment was obtained from 3-week cultures with relatively little root development at the time of planting. Therefore, these procedures which enhanced in vitro rooting were of no advantage in a propagation program. Greater than 80% plant establishment was obtained by substituting the in vitro rooting stage with rooting in mist. Shoot explants, which were dipped in commercial rooting powder, were established in a peat:sand (1:1) sub-strate in the mist frame. This procedure would reduce labour and cost of commercial micropropagation programs.     

Factors affecting the rooting of plum hardwood cuttings

Optimum conditions for rooting hardwood cuttings of several plum rootstocks have been determined with respect to season of cutting collection, the thickness of shoot and the part of the shoot used as the cutting, the concentration of rooting hormone applied to the base of the cutting and the basal temperature in the rooting medium.

Rooting occurred most readily during autumn and again in late winter and spring. Cuttings made from “thin” shoots generally rooted more readily than those from “thick” ones but the position along the shoot from which the cutting was made was usually unimportant.

Some clones, including Myrobalan B and St. Julien A, responded to increasing concentrations of 4(indolyl-3) butyric acid (IBA) to an optimum at 5,000 p.p.m. and to increasing bottom heat to about 20° C. Others, including Brompton and Pershore, were relatively unresponsive to both of these factors under the conditions of these experiments.     

In vitro adventitious rooting of Cornus florida microshoots

Cornus florida L. (flowering dogwood) has been successfully micropropagated, but low rooting of microshoots makes the system inefficient. This study was conducted to increase rooting efficiency of flowering dogwood microshoots over that previously achieved. Microshoots originating from acclimatized axillary and nodal bud stock cultures were excised and treated with different concentrations and combinations of various auxins including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Effect of microshoot age on rooting efficiency was also examined. Of the auxins tested, maximum rooting was observed with 4.4 μM IBA. The age of microshoot explants had a significant effect on rooting. Five to seven-week-old microshoots treated continuously with 4.9 μM IBA in Woody plant medium (WPM) consistently had the best and most consistent rooting efficiency (about 83%).     

Auxin synergists in the rooting of mango cuttings

Preplanting application of phenolic compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid, in most cases promoted auxin-induced rooting on cuttings of mango, a difficult-to-root fruit plant. The ethylene-releasing chemical CEPA (ethrel, ethephon) also stimulated rooting in the presence of auxins. Synergism was more pronounced in the presence of IBA than with IAA. To a certain extent, root-promoting effects of auxins and non-auxin chemicals were related to the utilization of carbohydrate fractions from the region of root formation. Utilization of reserve polysaccharides assumed greater importance only during the root-development phase.     

Partitioning sources of rooting potential in plum hardwood cuttings

SUMMARY

Rooting of leafless winter hardwood cuttings of the plum rootstock Prunus insititia ‘Pixy’ increased as the location from which the shoots were taken from within specially grown stockplants decreased in height above ground, associated with a parallel reduction in shoot thickness. However, the actual height of the least-ready-rooting crown cuttings had no effect on rooting, suggesting that relative rather than absolute position is important. Rooting was unaffected by bark-ringing and trunk incision distal to the shoot position, suggesting that such treatments did not interfere with a basipetally translocated root promotor which might have accounted for improved rooting of cuttings in the lower parts of the hedge. The rooting of crown cuttings above a bark ring was reduced considerably compared with that of cuttings from normal bushes, and this was associated with increased thickness of shoots distal to the ring. Delaying pruning in spring until after growth had started resulted in thinner crown shoots compared with those from plants pruned normally while dormant, and the rooting of these thinner crown shoots was much higher than that of the normal crown cuttings. It was shown by covariance analysis that shoot thickness accounted for part of the rooting response but could not account for the total effect due to shoot position within the bush, ringing, or time of pruning. Competence to root appears to develop independently in individual shoots, modified by a shoot thickness factor which favours the subordinate shoots induced in the shoot hierarchy of severely pruned hedges.     

送春花无菌苗生根培养研究

以送春花:学名为马利筋(Asclepias curassavia)的种子作为外植体,进行进瓶诱导并建立无菌体系,在此基础之上对其进行增殖培养,并对增殖培养中生长健壮的无菌苗进行了生根诱导研究,结果表明:马利筋较好的生根诱导培养基为:MS+NAA1.0 mg/L。     

The use of antioxidants as rooting enhancers in the Geraniaceae

Summary

Various chemicals were examined for their effectiveness in speeding rooting of cuttings of members of the geraniaceae and affecting the quality of the roots formed (in particular Pelargonium x hortorum and Pelargonium peltatum). The chemicals included natural and synthetic antioxidants: vitamins C (E304) and E (E306) and the widely-used synthetic food antioxidants BHT (E321), BHA (E320), propyl gallate (E310), octyl gallate (E311) and dodecyl gallate (E312). The most effective rooting aid for P x hortorum and P. peltatum was treatment of cuttings with propyl or dodecyl gallate (at low concentrations) in comparison with other antioxidants. The synergistic effect of mixing antioxidants was also studied: rooting was enhanced by mixtures of vitamin C, E and a synthetic antioxidant, and mixtures of two synthetic antioxidants. BHA mixed with either propyl or dodecyl gallate proved highly effective. The experiments suggest that the mechanism of rooting could be affected by antioxidant action, not necessarily involving the vitamins. Antioxidants probably protected the natural rooting hormones from oxidation and also protected the plant from attack by micro-organisms.     

费约果插条生根特征和解剖特性研究

以费约果品种尤力克当年生半木质化和木质化枝条为材料,研究了扦插时期对插条生根能力的影响,结果表明,生根结果(分别是根长、根数和生根率)半木质化枝扦插优于木质化枝扦插。采用常规石蜡切片法对费约果半木质化枝插条生根过程进行解剖结构观察,表明费约果插条无根原基存在,不定根原基为诱发型的,起源于维管形成层与髓射线的交叉区域,而在插条韧皮部连续排列成环状的厚壁细胞周围未见根原基的发生。不定根的发生主要经历了根原基的形成和不定根的产生2个过程,且大部分不定根产生于距插条基部切口0.1~2cm区域内。插条扦插过程中也形成愈伤组织,但未见愈伤组织中分化出根原基。